Te nekehanga rārangi – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga

Te nekehanga rārangi – ngā raruraru me ngā otinga

1. Te kauwhata o te tere (v) me te wā (t) e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei. He aha te whakaroa e ai ki te kauwhata.

otinga

AB = nekehanga i te whakaterenga pumau , BC = nekehanga i te tere pumau , CD = nekehanga i te whakapōturitanga pumau.

2. He kauwhata o te nekehanga rārangi e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei. He aha te tawhiti i haerea e tētahi mea mai i te 0 hēkona – 8 hēkona.

otinga

Horahanga 1 = horahanga tapatoru = ½ (4-0)(12-0) = ½ (4)(12) = (2)(12) = 24

Horahanga 2 = horahanga tapawhā rite = (8-4)(12-0) = (4)(12) = 48

Ko te tawhiti i haerea i roto i te 8 hēkona = 24 mita + 48 mita = 72 mita.

3. Te kauwhata o te tere (v) me te wā (t) mō te nekehanga rārangi e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei. He aha te tawhiti i haerea i roto i te 12 hēkona.

otinga

Horahanga 1 = horahanga o te tapatoru = ½ (2-0)(4-0) = ½ (2)(4) = 4

Horahanga 2 = horahanga o te tapawhā rite = (6-2)(4-0) = (4)(4) = 16

Horahanga 3 = horahanga o te tapatoru = ½ (8-6)(4-0) = ½ (2)(4) = 4

Horahanga 4 = horahanga o te tapatoru = ½ (10-8)(4-0) = ½ (2)(4) = 4

Horahanga 5 = horahanga o te tapawhā = (12-10)(4-0) = (2)(4) = 8

Ko te tawhiti i haerea mō ngā hēkona 12 = 4 + 16 + 4 + 4 + 8 = 36 mita

4. Ka tere te haere o tētahi mea i te tere pumau 36 km/h mō te 5 hēkona, kātahi ka tere ake i te 1 m/h ^mō te 10 hēkona, kātahi ka whakaheke i te tere i te 2 m/h ^tae noa ki te okiokinga. Ko tēhea kauwhata (vt) e whakaatu ana i te haere o te mea.

Mōhiotia:

Nekehanga 1 = tere pumau

Tere pumau (v) = 36 km/h = 36 (1000 m) / 3600 s = 36,000 m / 3600 s = 10 m/s

Wā wā (t) = 5 hēkona

Nekehanga 2 = whakaterenga pumau

Te tere tīmatanga (v _o ) = te tere i te nekehanga 1 = 10 m/s

Whakaterenga (a) = 1 m/s ²

Wā wā (t) = 10 hēkona

Nekehanga 3 = te whakaroa tonu

Te Whakahekenga (a) = -2 m/s ²

Te tere whakamutunga (vt ₎ = 0 m/s

E hiahiatia ana: ko tēhea kauwhata e whakaatu ana i ngā haerenga o te mea

Rongoā:

Te tere whakamutunga o te nekehanga 2:

vt = v _o + _i

v _t = 10 + (1)(10) = 10 + 10 = 20 m/s

Te tere whakamutunga o te nekehanga 2 (v _t ) = te tere tīmatanga o te nekehanga 3 (v _o ) = 20 m/s

Te wā o te nekehanga 3:

vt = v _o + _i

0 = 20 + (-2)(t)

0 = 20 – 2t

20 = 2t

t = 20/2

t = 10 hēkona

Nekehanga 1: Ka haere te mea i te tere pumau 10 m/s i roto i te 5 hēkona

Nekehanga 2: I whakaterea te mea i roto i te 10 hēkona tae noa ki tōna tere = 20 m/s.

Nekehanga 3: Ka whakahekehia te tere o te mea i roto i te 10 hēkona tae noa ki te okiokinga.

E whakaatu ana te Kauwhata B i ngā haerenga o te mea.

5. Ka tere te motuka i te 5 m/s pumau i roto i te 10 hēkona, kātahi ka tere ake i te 1 m/s ² i roto i te 5 hēkona. Kātahi ka whakaheke tere tae noa ki te okioki i muri i te haerenga o te motuka i te 137.5 mita. Ko tēhea kauwhata (vt) e whakaatu ana i te haerenga o te mea.

Mōhiotia:

Nekehanga 1 = nekehanga i te tere pumau

Tere pumau (v) = 5 m/s

Wā wā (t) = 10 hēkona

Nekehanga 2 = nekehanga i te whakaterenga pumau

Te tere tīmatanga (v _o ) = te tere i te nekehanga 1 = 5 m/s

Whakaterenga (a) = 1 m/s ²

Wā wā (t) = 5 hēkona

Te tere whakamutunga (vt ₎ = 0 m/s

Tapeke tawhiti (s) = 137.5 m/s

E hiahiatia ana: E whakaatu ana te kauwhata i te haerenga o te motuka

Rongoā:

Te tawhiti mō te nekehanga 1:

s = vt = (5)(10) = 50 mita

Te tawhiti mō te nekehanga 2:

s = v _o t + ½ i te ² = (5)(5) + ½ (1)(5) ² = 25 + ½ (25) = 25 + 12.5 = 37.5 mita

Te tawhiti mō te nekehanga 3:

137.5 – (50 + 37.5) = 137.5 – 87.5 = 50 mita

Te tere whakamutunga o te nekehanga 2:

Ko te tere whakamutunga o te nekehanga 2 i tatauhia mā te whakamahi i ngā raraunga o te nekehanga 2:

vt = v _o + _i

v _t = 5 + (1)(5) = 5 + 5 = 10 m/s

Te tere whakamutunga mō te nekehanga 2 (v _t ) = te tere tīmatanga mō te nekehanga 3 (v _o ) = 10 m/s

Te wā mo te nekehanga 3:

Te wā i tatauhia i muri i te kimi i te whakaroa. Te whakaroa (a) me te wā (t) i tatauhia mā te whakamahi i ngā raraunga o te nekehanga 3.

Te whakaroa i te nekehanga o te mea 3:

v _t ² = v _o ² + 2 ad

0 ² = 10 ² + 2 a (50)

0 = 100 + 100

100 = -100

ā = – 100 / 100

a = – 1 m/s ²

Te wā o te nekehanga 3:

vt = v _o + _i

0 = 10 + (-1) t

0 = 10 – t

t = 10 hēkona

Nekehanga 1: Ka tere te mea i te 5 m/s pumau i roto i te 10 hēkona.

Nekehanga 2: Ka haere te mea mō te 5 hēkona tae noa ki tōna tere = 10 m/s.

Nekehanga 3: Whakaitihia te tere o te mea mō te 10 hēkona tae noa ki te okiokinga.

6. E haere ana tētahi motuka 800-kg i te rārangi tika me te tere tīmatanga o te 36 km/haora. I muri i te haere i te 150 mita, ko te tere o te motuka = ​​72 km/haora. Tātaihia te wā.

Mōhiotia:

v _o = 36 km/h = 36,000 mita / 3600 s = 10 m/h

v _t = 72 km/h = 72,000 mita / 3600 s = 20 m/h

d = 150 mita

E hiahiatia ana: te wā (t)

Rongoā:

E toru ngā whārite nekehanga i te whakaterenga pumau:

vt = v _o + _i

d = v _o t + ½ i te ²

v _t ² = v _o ² + 2 ad

Whakaterenga:

v _t ² = v _o ² + 2 ad

20 ² = 10 ² + 2 a (150)

400 = 100 + 300

400 – 100 = 300 a

300 = 300

ā = 300 / 300

a = 1 m/s ²

Wā ā-wā:

vt = v _o + _i

20 = 10 + (1) t

20 – 10 = t

t = 10 hēkona

7. E 20 m/s te tere pumau o te haere o tētahi waka. E 5 hēkona te roa o te okiokinga o te waka i muri i te whakahekenga. He aha te tawhiti i haerea e te waka?

Mōhiotia:

Tere tīmatanga (v _o ) = 20 m/s

Tere whakamutunga (vt ₎ = 0 m/s

Wā wā (t) = 5 hēkona

E hiahiatia ana: tawhiti (d)

Rongoā:

te whakaroa:

vt = v _o + _i

0 = 20 + he 5

-20 = 5a

ā = -20/5

a = -4 m/s ²

Te tawhiti i haerea e te motuka:

d = v _o t + 1/2 i te ²

d = (20)(5) + 1/2 (-4)(5) ² = (20)(5) + (-2)(25)

d = 100 – 50

d = 50 mita

8. Kei te whakaaturia te tawhiti me te wā o tētahi mea e neke ana i te ripanga i raro nei.

Whakatauhia ngā momo nekehanga e pāngia ana e ngā mea 1 me te 2…

otinga

Ahanoa 1:

v = s / t

v = tere , s = tawhiti , t = wā whakawhiti

v = 60/15 = 4 henimita/hekona

v = 80/20 = 4 henimita/hekona

v = 100/25 = 4 henimita/hekona

Tere pūmau = nekehanga rārangi ōrite.

Ahanoa 2:

v = s / t

v = tere, s = tawhiti , t = wā

v = 4/2 = 2 henimita/hekona

v = 9/3 = 3 henimita/hekona

v = 25/5 = 5 henimita/hekona

Ka piki te tere = te nekehanga rārangi kore-taurite, ka whakaterea.

1. pātai: He aha te mea e wehewehe ai te nekehanga rārangi i ētahi atu momo nekehanga? whakahoki: Ko te nekehanga rārangi e pā ana ki te nekehanga o tētahi mea i runga i te ara tika i te ahunga kotahi. Kāore i rite ki te nekehanga hurihuri, ki te nekehanga orooro rānei, kāore he huringa i te ahunga o te mea e neke ana i roto i te nekehanga rārangi.
2. pātai: He aha te rerekētanga o te tawhiti mai i te nekehanga i roto i te nekehanga rārangi? whakahoki: Ko te tawhiti te roa katoa o te ara e haerehia ana e tētahi mea e neke ana, ko te nekehanga ia ko te tawhiti rārangi tika i waenganui i ngā tūranga tīmatanga me ngā tūranga whakamutunga, me te ahunga hoki. He rahinga whārite te nekehanga, ko te tawhiti ia he tauine.
3. pātai: He aha i rerekē ai ngā uara o te tere me te tere mō te nekehanga kotahi? whakahoki: Ko te tere he ine tauine e whakaatu ana i te tere o te neke o tetahi mea me te kore e whai whakaaro ki tōna ahunga, ko te tere ia he rahinga whārite e uru ana ki te rahi me te ahunga. Mō te nekehanga rārangi, mēnā he huringa ahunga, tera pea ka rerekē te tere toharite i te rahi o te tere toharite.
4. pātai: He aha te tikanga ina kīia he nekehanga rārangi ōrite tō tētahi mea? whakahoki: Ka neke te mea e neke ana i roto i te rārangi tika i te tere pumau. Ko te tikanga ka noho tonu tōna tere me tōna ahunga i roto i te wā.
5. pātai: Me pēhea te tere pumau o tētahi mea engari he tere rerekē tonu i roto i te nekehanga rārangi? whakahoki: Mō tētahi mea e neke ana i te rārangi, ko te huarahi anake ka puta ai tēnei ko te huri i te ahunga o te nekehanga. Heoi, i roto i te nekehanga rārangi tūturu, ka noho pūmau te ahunga. Ki te huri te ahunga, ehara i te mea he nekehanga rārangi anake.
6. pātai: He aha te mahi a te whakaterenga i roto i te nekehanga rārangi? whakahoki: Ko te whakaterenga he tohu i te huringa o te tere i roto i te wā. I roto i te nekehanga raina, tera pea he pikinga, he hekenga rānei o te tere, he huringa rānei o te ahunga (mēnā ehara te nekehanga i te raina noa iho). Ko te whakaterenga kore-kore e tohu ana kei te huri te tere o te mea.
7. pātai: He pēhea te whakaaturanga o te whakaterenga kino, te whakapōturi rānei, i roto i te nekehanga rārangi? whakahoki: I roto i te horopaki o te nekehanga rārangi, ko te whakaterenga kino (e kiia ana ko te whakahekenga) e pā ana ki te hekenga o te tere i te ara tika kotahi. He whakaterenga i te ahunga e anga ke ana ki te nekehanga.
8. pātai: He aha te whanaungatanga i waenga i te kaha kupenga me te whakaterenga i roto i te nekehanga rārangi e ai ki te ture tuarua a Newton? whakahoki: E ai ki te ture tuarua a Newton, ko te kaha kupenga e pā ana ki tētahi mea he rite ki te whakaterenga e pā ana ki a ia, ā, e mahi ana i te ahunga kotahi. Ina koa, $F=ma$, i reira $F$ ko te kaha kupenga, $m$ ko te papatipu o te mea, ā, $a$ ko tōna whakaterenga.
9. pātai: Mena kei te neke tika tetahi motuka, ā, ka tū, ka taea te kī he kore tōna nekehanga whakamutunga? whakahoki: Kāo. Ko te nekehanga e pā ana ki te tawhiti rārangi tika i waenga i ngā tūranga tīmatanga me ngā tūranga whakamutunga me te ahunga. Mena kua neke te motuka mai i tōna tūranga tīmatanga i mua i te tūnga, ehara te nekehanga i te kore; ko tōna tere whakamutunga anake te kore.

10. Pātai: He aha te hononga o te ariā o te inertia ki te nekehanga rārangi? Whakautu: Ko te inertia te ātete o te mea ki te huringa o tōna āhua nekehanga. Mō te mea kei roto i te nekehanga rārangi, ko te inertia te tikanga ka haere tonu te mea i te neke i te rārangi tika i te tere pumau ki te kore e pāngia e te kaha o waho.