Te Whakahaere i ngā Take ADHD mā te Whakatakotoranga
Ko te ADHD he āhuatanga whanaketanga roro e tohuhia ana e te uaua ki te arotahi, te whanoke, me/ranei te whanoke. Ka pā te ADHD ki ngā tamariki, ki ngā taiohi, me ngā pakeke, me ngā taumata rerekē o te kaha. I roto i te oranga o ia rā, he maha ngā pānga o te ADHD ki te whakatutukitanga mātauranga, ki ngā whanaungatanga pāpori, ki te whakahaere kare ā-roto, me te whakahaere i a ia anō. Nā tōna āhua uaua, ko te maimoatanga ADHD he mea whānui. Ko tētahi huarahi nui e whai pānga nui ana ko te tohutohu, hei wawaotanga tuatahi, hei tāpiri rānei ki ētahi atu maimoatanga.
Te Mārama Katoa ki te ADHD
I mua i te kōrero mō te kaupapa tohutohu, he mea nui kia whakanuia ko te ADHD ehara i te kore noa iho o te whakahaere, te kore rānei e taea te arotahi. Ka pā te ADHD ki te mahi a te roro, tae atu ki ngā mahi whakahaere pēnei i te whakamahere, te whakahaere wā, te whakahaere hihiri, me te mahara mahi. He maha ngā tāngata whai ADHD he pūmanawa hinengaro pai rawa atu, he auahatanga, he kaha hoki, engari he uaua ki te whakahaere tonu i taua kaha.
E toru ngā āhuatanga e wehea ana ngā tohu o te ADHD: te nuinga o te kore aro (he uaua ake te arotahi me te ngāwari ki te whakararuraru), te nuinga o te hihiko-whakaohooho (he nui ake te nekeneke, he uaua ki te noho puku, me te mahi ohorere), me te huinga o ngā mea e rua. I roto i te mahi, ka rerekē pea ngā tohu i te pakeketanga. Tērā pea ka puta te ahua hihiko o ngā tamariki, i te pakeketanga, ka huri te hihiko ki te koretake o roto, te uaua ki te whakamarie i te hinengaro, te kore rānei e taea te "whakaweto" i te hiahia ki te huri tonu i ngā mahi.
Te Tūranga o te Tohutohu i roto i te Maimoatanga ADHD
Ehara te kaupapa tohutohu i te wāhi hei whakaputa i ngā kōrero, engari he tukanga whai hanganga hei mārama ki ngā tauira whanonga, hei hanga pūkenga, hei whakawhanake rautaki hoki hei whakatau i ngā wero. I roto i te horopaki o te ADHD, ka āwhina te kaupapa tohutohu i ngā tāngata takitahi me ngā whānau ki te mārama ki ō rātou āhua, ka whakaiti i te whakama, ā, ka whakapai ake i ngā pūkenga whakahaere-whaiaro.
Ka taea te whakahaere i te tohutohu i ngā taumata maha:
1. He tohutohu takitahi mā ngā tamariki, taiohi, pakeke rānei e pāngia ana e te ADHD.
2. Te whakahāngai whānau hei whakapakari i ngā tauira mātua, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me te tautoko i te taiao kāinga.
3. Te mahi tahi me ngā kaiako/kaitohutohu kura kia ōrite ai ngā rautaki ako me ngā whanonga i roto i te akomanga.
He maha ngā wā ka honoa te tohutohu me te aromatawai hinengaro, te tautoko hinengaro (hei tauira, mēnā e hiahiatia ana he rongoā), me te whakangungu pūkenga motuhake. Heoi, ahakoa kāore he rongoā, ka taea e te tohutohu te arahi i ngā huringa nui, inā koa ki ngā whanonga, ngā kare ā-roto, me ngā whanaungatanga pāpori.
Wāhanga Tuatahi: Aromatawai me te Mātauranga Hinengaro
Ko te maimoatanga whai hua ka tīmata mā te aromatawai: te tūhura i te hītori whanaketanga, ngā tauira tohu, ngā āhuatanga whakaoho, me te pānga ki te mahi o ia rā. Ka tautuhia e te kaiārahi mēnā ka puta ngā raruraru matua i te kura, i te kāinga, i te mahi, i ngā whanaungatanga pāpori rānei. I roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, he maha ngā āhuatanga o te hunga whai ADHD pērā i te manukanuka, te pouri, te kore ako, ngā raruraru whakahaere kare ā-roto rānei. Mā te mārama ki tēnei pikitia katoa ka whakatau i te wawaotanga tika.
I muri i te aromatawai, ka whakaratohia e te kaiārahi he mātauranga hinengaro, e whakamārama ana he aha te ADHD, me pēhea te mahi a ōna tohu, me te take e hiahiatia ai ētahi rautaki. He mea nui te mātauranga hinengaro hei whakaiti i ngā kare ā-roto o te hara. He maha ngā kiritaki ADHD kua taunga ki te whakarongo ki ngā tapanga kino pēnei i te "mangere," "kore aro," "kāore i te aro nui." Mā te mātauranga ka āwhina i te whakakapi i ēnei kōrero ki ngā māramatanga pono ake: "He wero kei ahau mō te mahi whakahaere, nō reira me rerekē ngā rautaki."
Ngā Huarahi Tohutohu e Whakamahia Ana
Ko ētahi o ngā huarahi tohutohu e whai hua ana mō te ADHD ko:
1. Te Whakaora Hinengaro Whanoke (CBT)
Mā te CBT ka āwhina ngā kiritaki ki te tautuhi i ngā tauira whakaaro whakawhāiti (hei tauira, te hiahia kia tino tika, te kōrero kino ki a rātou anō, te wehi rānei kei hinga) kātahi ka whakakapia ki ngā tauira urutau ake. Mō te ADHD, ka arotahi hoki te CBT ki ngā pūkenga mahi: te whakahaere wā, te wehewehe i ngā mahi nui ki ngā mahi iti ake, me ngā rautaki hei whakaiti i ngā mea whakararuraru. Hei tauira, ka ako ngā kiritaki ki te hanga rārangi matua māmā, te whakamahi i ngā whakamaharatanga, te whakamahi rānei i te tikanga "Pomodoro" hei pupuri i te arotahi.
2. Whakangungu Pūkenga
He maha ngā tāngata whai ADHD e hiahia ana ki te whakangungu pūkenga tuturu. Ka uru pea ki te tohutohu ngā mahi o te ata, te whakarite i ngā mea, te whakarite wā rānei. Ahakoa te āhua māmā noa iho o ēnei pūkenga, he tino uaua pea mō te hunga whai ADHD nā te mea ko te auau te mea nui, ā, ko te auau tētahi o ngā wāhanga tino uaua mō te ADHD.
3. Te Tohutohu e Hangai ana ki te Hinengaro
Mā te aroātahi ka āwhina i te whakanui ake i te mōhio ki ngā kare ā-roto me ngā mea whakararuraru. Ehara te whāinga i te whakakore i ngā whakaaro "kōpikopiko", engari he whakangungu i tō kaha ki te hoki ki tētahi mahi ina whakararuraruhia. Mā ngā mahi poto pēnei i te toru meneti o te manawa aroātahi, te matawai tinana, te noho whenua rānei ka āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto me te whakaiti i te tauhohenga.
4. Te Tohutohu Whānau me Te Whakangungu Mātua
Mō ngā tamariki e pāngia ana e te ADHD, he mea tino nui te tūranga o ngā mātua. Ka āwhina te tohutohu whānau i ngā mātua Kia mārama koe kāore ngā tamariki e "taka ā-hinengaro" ana i ngā ture, engari he maha ngā wā ka uaua ki te whakahaere i ō rātou kare ā-roto. Ka taea e ngā mātua te whakarite rautaki pēnei i te whakarato tohutohu mārama, poto, pūnaha utu ōrite, hua ka taea te ine, me ngā mahinga ka taea te matapae. Ko te whāinga matua ehara i te mea ko te ngohengohe noa iho, engari ko te waihanga i tētahi taiao e tautoko ana i te whanaketanga o te mana whakahaere i a ia anō.
Ngā Rautaki Tohutohu Whaihua me te Ine
Kia whai hua ai te kaupapa tohutohu, me mārama, me arotake hoki te huarahi e whakamahia ana. Ko ētahi o ngā rautaki e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko:
– Waihangahia he whāinga whanonga motuhake: kaua e "ako kaha ake", engari "ako mō te 20 meneti i muri i te tina, kātahi ka okioki mō te 5 meneti".
– Whakaitihia te waku: whakaritehia ngā taputapu kura i te pō i mua atu, whakatakotoria ngā kī ki tētahi wāhi kua whakaritea, mukua rānei ngā taupānga whakararuraru i te wā ako.
– Pūnaha whakapakari pai: he nui ake te whai hua o ngā utu iti mō ngā whanonga e hiahiatia ana i ngā whiu kāore i te ōrite.
– Te whakangungu whakahaere kare ā-roto: te mōhio ki ngā tohu tōmua o te riri, te waihanga i tētahi "mahere whakamarie," me te whakaharatau i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero māia.
– Hanganga hanga: maramataka tirohanga, rārangi arowhai o ia rā, whakaoho whakamaumahara, me te wehewehe i ngā mahi kia iti.
Me whakarite hoki ngā kaiārahi kia tika ngā rautaki mō te reanga. Mō ngā tamariki nohinohi, he pai ake ngā huarahi tirohanga me ngā huarahi takaro. Mō ngā taiohi, he mea nui kia whakaurua rātou ki te whakatakoto whāinga hei whakatipu i te wairua o te mana whakahaere. Mō ngā pakeke, ko te arotahi he maha ngā wā ka aro ki te hua o te mahi, te whakahaere pūtea, me ngā whanaungatanga hoa.
Te Mahi Ngātahi me ngā Kura me te Taiao
Kāore e pai te mahi tohutohu mō te ADHD mēnā ka tū noa i roto i tētahi rūma tohutohu, kāore he taiao tautoko. Nō reira, he mea nui te mahi tahi me te kura. Ko ētahi o ngā kōwhiringa tautoko ā-kura ka taea te kōrero i te wā tohutohu ko: te noho kore whakararuraru, ngā tohutohu tuhituhi, te wā tāpiri i te wā whakamātautau, ngā wā okioki poto, ngā momo tikanga ako rerekē rānei.
Me whai whakaaro anō hoki ki ngā rōpū hoa me ngā taiao pāpori. I ētahi wā ka kitea te hunga whai ADHD he "haruru nui" he "kore aro" rānei, engari he maha ngā wā ka puta mai tēnei i te koretake o te whakaaro, i te uaua rānei ki te pānui i ngā āhuatanga pāpori. Ka taea e ngā kaitohutohu te āwhina i te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga pāpori pēnei i te tatari mō te wā ki te kōrero, te whakarongo kaha, me te whakapāha i muri i ngā mahi ohorere.
Ngā Wero i roto i te Tohutohu ADHD
He wero motuhake ngā mahi tohutohu mō te ADHD. Tērā pea ka wareware ngā kiritaki ki ngā wā kua whakaritea, ka ngaro ngā tuhipoka, ka raru rānei ki ngā mahi kāinga whakaora. Nō reira, me ngāwari ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro, engari kaua e ngaro te hanganga. He maha ngā wā ka whai hua ngā whakamaharatanga tuhinga, te whakamahi i ngā taupānga whakaritenga, ngā whakarāpopototanga wā poto, me ngā whāinga tūturu.
Hei tāpiri atu, he maha ngā tāngata whai ADHD kua pāngia e te korenga angitu maha, ā, ka taea e tēnei te arahi ngāwari ki te kore hihiri. Me aro te kaupapa tohutohu ki te ahunga whakamua āta haere, te whakanui i ngā ahunga whakamua iti, me te hanga i te aroha ki a ia anō. Kāore e puta wawe te whakarerekētanga o ngā tikanga, inā koa kua roa ngā wero pūnaha io e mau tonu ana.
Whakamutunga
He huarahi nui te aro atu ki te ADHD mā te tohutohu, inā koa hei āwhina i ngā tāngata ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga ora, ki te mārama ki a rātou anō, me te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto me ngā whanonga. Ka uru pea ki te tohutohu te mātauranga hinengaro, te CBT, te aroātahi, te whakangungu pūkenga, me te tohutohu whānau . Ko te whāinga matua o te tohutohu he waihanga i ngā rautaki pono me te whai hua mō te oranga o ia rā, ehara i te mea ko ngā rautaki ariā anake. Mā te tautoko a te kaitohutohu, te whānau, te kura, me te hapori, ka taea e ngā tāngata whai ADHD te tipu hei tāngata ka taea te whakanui ake i ō rātou pūmanawa, te noho whai tikanga, me te hanga whanaungatanga hauora me te whai hua.
Mena kei a koe, kei tētahi rānei e tata ana ki a koe, ngā tohu o te ADHD, ā, e uaua ana ki a koe te whakahaere i ngā mahi o ia rā, he mahi whakaaro nui te rapu āwhina ngaio. Ehara i te mea ka āwhina noa te tohutohu i ngā take engari ka whakatakoto huarahi hoki mō te māramatanga whānui ake mōu ake me te oranga whai take ake.
