Te Manaaki Kaiwhakawhanau mō ngā Whaea me te Mate Huka Hapūtanga
Pendahuluan
He mate hauora te mate huka hāputanga e pāngia ana e te tini o ngā wāhine hāputanga o te ao. Ko te tohu o tēnei mate ko te pikinga o te huka toto e puta ana i te wā e hāpu ana, ā, ka memeha haere i muri i te whānautanga. Ahakoa he wā poto noa iho, he pānga nui tō te mate huka hāputanga ki te whaea me te tamaiti kei roto i te pēpi. Nō reira, he mea nui te tiaki tika i te whānautanga kia ora ai te whaea me te pēpi. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā tiaki whānau e whakaratohia ana ki ngā whaea he mate huka hāputanga.
Whakamāramatanga me te Mate Urutā
Ko te mate huka hāputanga he momo mate huka e kitea tuatahitia ana i te wā e hapū ana. Ehara i te mea ka pāngia ngā wāhine hapū katoa e tēnei mate, engari ko ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e mōhiotia ana ko te pakeketanga o te whaea, he hītori whānau mō te mate huka, te momona, me te hītori whānau i tētahi pēpi he taumaha nui i te whānautanga (>4 kg).
E ai ki ngā raraunga i whakaputaina e te World Health Organization (WHO) me te American Diabetes Association (ADA), ko te horapa o te mate huka hapūtanga kei waenga i te 1-14% o ngā hāputanga katoa, me ngā rerekētanga i runga i te taupori me te tikanga tātaritanga i whakamahia.
Te Tātaritanga o te Mate Huka Hapūtanga
Ko te mate huka hāputanga ka kitea mā te whakamātautau manawanui huka ā-waha (OGTT) e mahia ana i waenga i ngā wiki 24 me te 28 o te hāputanga. Kei roto i tēnei ko te tirotiro i ngā taumata huka toto nohopuku, te hoatu i tētahi otinga huka, me te tirotiro anō i ngā taumata huka toto i muri i te 1 me te 2 hāora.
Mena ka whakaatuhia e ngā hua o te whakamātautau he nui te huka toto, ka tautuhia he mate huka hapūtanga te wahine hapū , ā, me whiwhi ia i tētahi maimoatanga motuhake mō te toenga o te hapūtanga.
Te Manaaki Kaiwhakawhanau mō ngā Whaea me te Mate Huka Hapūtanga
Ko te tiaki a te kaiwhakawhanau mō ngā wāhine e pāngia ana e te mate huka hapūtanga me whai huarahi whānui, maha-mātauranga hoki, tae atu ki te aroturuki i ngā āhuatanga o te whaea me te tamaiti i roto i te kōpū, te whakamahere kai, te korikori tinana, me te whakahaere hauora. Ko ngā wāhanga matua o te tiaki a te kaiwhakawhanau:
1. Te Māramatanga me te Mātauranga
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi i roto i te tiaki a te kaiwhakawhanau ko te whakarato i te whaea ki te māramatanga mārama mō te mate huka hapūtanga. Kei roto i tēnei mātauranga ngā mōhiotanga mō te mate huka hapūtanga, ngā āhuatanga mōrearea, ngā raruraru pea, me te hiranga o te whakahaere i tēnei mate mō te hauora o te whaea me te tamaiti i roto i te pēpi.
2. Te Aroturuki i ngā Taumata Huka Toto
He mea nui te aroturuki i te huka toto i ia wā, i ia wā, hei tiaki i ngā wāhine e pāngia ana e te mate huka hapūtanga. Mā tēnei aroturuki ka noho tonu ngā taumata huka toto ki roto i ngā rohe noa, ā, ka taea hoki te whakarerekē i te whakamahere kai me te rongoā.
whaea hapū Ko te tikanga, me tirotiro te huka toto nohopuku (FPG) me te 2 hāora i muri i te kai (postprandial). Ko ngā taumata huka toto e taunakitia ana ko:
– Te huka toto nohopuku <95 mg/dL
– 1 hāora i muri i te kai <140 mg/dL
– 2 hāora i muri i te kai <120 mg/dL
3. Te Whakamahere Kai
He mea nui te kai taurite, te kai pumau hoki hei whakahaere i te mate huka hapūtanga. I te nuinga o te wā ka mahi tahi te tohunga kai me te kaiwhakawhanau ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere kai e hāngai ana ki ngā hiahia me te āhua o te whaea. Ko ngā mātāpono kai matua mō ngā wāhine e pāngia ana e te mate huka hapūtanga ko:
– Kainga he nui ngā warowaihā matatini me ngā muka e rawaka ana.
– Wehea ngā kai kia maha ngā wāhanga iti puta noa i te rā hei ārai i te pikinga o te huka toto.
– Āta karohia ngā kai me ngā inu he nui te huka me ngā warowaihā māmā.
– Whakanuia te kai i te pūmua me te ngako hauora.
4. Te Mahi Tinana
He mea nui anō hoki te whakakori tinana auau mō te whakahaere i te mate huka hapūtanga. Mā te hikoi, te kaukau, te yoga hapūtanga rānei ka āwhina i te whakaheke i te taumata huka toto me te whakapai ake i te aro o te insulin. Heoi, he mea nui kia kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hauora mō te momo me te roa o te mahi e haumaru ana i te wā e hapū ana.
5. Whakahaere Hauora
Mena kāore e ranea te aroturuki i ngā taumata huka toto me ngā huringa āhua noho hei whakahaere i te mate huka hapūtanga, me whai wawaotanga hauora pea. Ko te insulin te whiringa maimoatanga tino noa, ahakoa ka tohua pea ētahi wāhine ki ngā rongoā ā-waha hei ārai i te mate huka. Me whakamahi tonu ēnei rongoā i raro i te tirotiro a te tākuta, te endocrinologist rānei.
6. Te Aroturuki i te Pēpi
He wāhanga nui anō hoki te aroturuki i te kukune i roto i te tiaki a te kaiwhakawhanau mō ngā whaea e pāngia ana e te mate huka hapūtanga. He pai ngā whakamātautau ultrasound auau mō te aroturuki i te tipu me te whanaketanga o te kukune, me te kite i ngā raruraru pēnei i te macrosomia (he pēpi nui).
Hei tāpiritanga, mā te aroturuki i te tere o te ngakau o te kukune me ngā whakamātautau ā-tinana ka āwhina i te oranga o te kukune. I ētahi wā, ka whakaarohia pea te whakaoho whānau mēnā he nui te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru.
7. Te Whakarite mō te Whānautanga me te Tiaki i muri i te Whānautanga
Me āta whakamahere me te whakarite ngā whaea e pāngia ana e te mate huka hāputanga mō tā rātou whānautanga. He mea nui kia whakatauhia te wāhi me te tikanga whānau haumaru mō te whaea me te pēpi. Me aroturuki tonu ngā taumata huka toto puta noa i te whānautanga hei ārai i te mōrearea o te hypoglycemia, te hyperglycemia rānei.
I muri i te whānautanga, ka memeha haere te mate huka hāputanga, engari me tirotiro tonu te huka toto o ngā whaea i roto i ētahi wiki, i ētahi marama rānei i muri i te whānautanga kia hoki anō ai te huka toto ki te taumata noa. He mea nui anō hoki te ako mō ngā mōrearea o te mate huka momo 2 ā muri ake nei , me te hiranga o te noho hauora.
Ngā raruraru me te ārai
Ka taea e te mate huka hāputanga kāore i te whakahaeretia te arahi ki ngā raruraru maha, pērā i te toto toto tiketike, te preeclampsia, me te whānautanga wawe. I roto i te kukune, ko ngā mōrearea o ngā raruraru ko te macrosomia, te hypoglycemia neoplasm, te uaua o te manawa, tae atu ki te taumaha nui me te mate huka momo 2 i muri mai i te oranga. Nō reira, he mea nui te aukati me te whakahaere whai hua.
Ko te ārai pai rawa atu ko te tīmata i te hāputanga me te hauora pai rawa atu. Me tirotiro hauora katoa ngā wāhine e whakaaro ana ki te hāputanga, me te kōrero mō te taumaha tinana pai, te kai hauora, me te korikori tinana e tika ana.
Whakamutunga
Ko te tiaki i ngā wāhine e pāngia ana e te mate huka hapūtanga me whai huarahi whānui e uru ana ki te aroturuki, te mātauranga, te whakamahere kai, te korikori tinana, te aroturuki hauora, me te whakarite whānau. Mā te tiaki tika, ka taea e ngā wāhine e pāngia ana e te mate huka hapūtanga te whānau hauora me te whānau mai i tētahi pēpi. He mea nui te mōhiotanga me te mahi tahi i waenga i ngā wāhine hapū , ngā kaiwhakawhanau, ngā tākuta, me ngā tohunga kai hei whakatutuki i ngā putanga tino pai.
Mā te mārama ki te hiranga o te tiaki a te kaiwhakawhanau i tēnei āhuatanga, me te whakatinana i ngā mahi e tika ana, ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā raruraru, ā, ka whakarite i te hauora o te whaea me te pēpi i te wā e hapu ana , e whānau ana, me muri i te whānautanga.
