Hom Tshuaj Tua Kab Mob Rau Cov Kab Mob Hniav
Kab mob hniav yog ib qho teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav, o, ua pa tsw phem, thiab txawm tias kub taub hau. Kab mob feem ntau pib nrog cov qhov tsis kho, o ntawm cov pos hniav, cov hauv paus hniav uas kis kab mob, lossis cov abscesses (cov hnab ntawm cov kua qaub) nyob ib puag ncig cov hniav thiab nws cov nqaij txhawb nqa. Hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau cov kab mob hniav tsis yog tshuaj tua kab mob , tab sis yog cov txheej txheem kho hniav xws li ntxuav qhov chaw ntawm kab mob, kho cov hauv paus hniav, tso cov kua qaub, lossis rho cov hniav tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau ua yog tias kab mob tau kis mus, nrog rau cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev, lossis tus neeg mob muaj qee yam mob uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem.
Tsab xov xwm no tham txog cov hom tshuaj tua kab mob uas feem ntau siv rau kev kis kab mob hniav, thaum twg feem ntau raug sau ntawv kom siv, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev siv kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo.
Thaum twg tus kab mob hniav thiaj xav tau tshuaj tua kab mob?
Tsis yog txhua yam mob hniav yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua haujlwm tawm tsam cov kab mob, yog li lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo yog tias muaj kab mob uas muaj feem yuav kis tau. Cov kws kho hniav feem ntau xav txog cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog tias:
1. Qhov o tuaj yeem nthuav mus rau sab plhu, lub puab tsaig, lossis caj dab.
2. Kub taub hau, qaug zog, lossis muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj kab mob hauv lub cev.
3. Cov pob khaus uas nrog los ntawm kev o loj heev lossis nyuaj rau qhib (trismus).
4. Cov qog ntshav loj thiab mob thaum nqos.
5. Cov mob uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, piv txwv li cov neeg mob uas muaj qee yam kab mob lossis tab tom kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob.
Rau cov mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov qhov hniav uas tsis nthuav dav o, cov kws kho mob feem ntau tsom mus rau kev kho mob hauv zos (kev txhaws hniav, kev kho cov hauv paus hniav) thiab kev txo qhov mob, es tsis yog tshuaj tua kab mob.
1. Tshuaj Penicillin (Penicillin V)
Penicillin V yog ib hom tshuaj tua kab mob uas feem ntau siv rau kev kis kab mob hauv qhov ncauj vim nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob hauv cov hniav. Nws cov txiaj ntsig suav nrog nws siv tau ntev thiab pheej yig.
Txawm li cas los xij, penicillin tsis zoo txhua lub sijhawm vim tias qee cov kab mob hauv qhov ncauj tuaj yeem tsim cov enzymes uas ua rau nws tsis zoo. Ntxiv mus, qee tus neeg ua xua rau penicillin, xav tau lwm txoj hauv kev.
Kev siv dav dav: kev kis kab mob hniav me me mus rau nruab nrab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsis muaj kev xav tias muaj kev tiv thaiv siab.
2. Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin yog ib hom tshuaj uas muaj zog dua li Penicillin V. Cov kws kho hniav feem ntau xaiv amoxicillin vim nws nqus tau zoo thiab tiv thaiv tau ntau yam kab mob uas ua rau mob hniav.
Hauv kev xyaum, amoxicillin feem ntau yog thawj qhov kev xaiv rau cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj kev ua xua thiab muaj kab mob uas xav tau tshuaj tua kab mob.
Zoo: zoo, muaj dav, yooj yim noj.
Lus Cim: tseem tsis haum rau cov neeg mob uas ua xua rau penicillin.
3. Amoxicillin–Clavulanate (Amoxicillin–Clavulanate)
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid pab kho cov kab mob uas tsim cov beta-lactamase (ib qho enzyme uas tuaj yeem "ua kom tsis txhob muaj zog" qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob). Yog li ntawd, amoxicillin-clavulanate feem ntau yog siv rau cov kab mob hnyav dua, rov tshwm sim dua, lossis cov kab mob uas xav tias tsis kam rau amoxicillin tus qauv.
Cov kev siv uas siv ntau: cov qhov txhab loj dua, cov kab mob sib kis, lossis cov mob uas tsis zoo dua nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thawj kab.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim uas yuav tshwm sim: cov teeb meem zom zaub mov xws li xeev siab lossis raws plab ntau dua li siv amoxicillin ib leeg.
4. Clindamycin
Feem ntau siv clindamycin ua lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov neeg mob uas ua xua rau penicillin. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau cov kab mob anaerobic (cov kab mob uas loj hlob yam tsis muaj oxygen) uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev kis kab mob ntawm cov hniav thiab cov abscesses.
Txawm hais tias clindamycin zoo los xij, nws ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb vim tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob raws plab hnyav uas tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob Clostridioides difficile rau qee tus neeg. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum siv raws li cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Cov kev siv dav dav: cov neeg mob ua xua rau penicillin, cov kab mob odontogenic, cov kab mob mos mos nyob ib puag ncig cov hniav.
5. Metronidazole (Metronidazole)
Metronidazole muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev rau cov kab mob anaerobic, uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov hniav thiab cov pos hniav uas muaj kab mob tob dua. Txawm li cas los xij, metronidazole feem ntau tsis yog siv ib leeg xwb, tab sis siv ua ke nrog amoxicillin lossis penicillin yog tias qhov kev kis kab mob no xav tias muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov kab mob aerobic thiab anaerobic.
Cov kev siv ntau: cov kab mob hauv cov hniav, qee yam kab mob periodontal, lossis kev kho mob ua ke rau cov kab mob hnyav.
Tseem Ceeb: Tsis pom zoo kom siv Metronidazole nrog cawv vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis xis nyob (xeev siab heev, ntuav, plawv dhia ceev). Ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia txog txhua yam kev tsis haum tshuaj.
6. Cov tshuaj Macrolides: Azithromycin thiab Erythromycin
Cov tshuaj macrolides xws li azithromycin thiab erythromycin kuj tseem yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov neeg mob uas ua xua rau penicillin. Azithromycin feem ntau raug xaiv vim nws muaj lub sijhawm noj tshuaj yooj yim dua thiab feem ntau muaj tsawg dua cov kev phiv los ntawm txoj hnyuv plab dua li erythromycin.
Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kab mob hauv qhov ncauj qhia tau tias muaj qee qib kev tiv thaiv rau macrolides, yog li tus kws kho mob yuav xav txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob thiab keeb kwm ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob yav dhau los.
Kev siv ntau: lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev ua xua rau penicillin, qee yam kev kis mob me me mus rau nruab nrab.
7. Cephalosporins (Cephalosporins)
Tej tus kws kho hniav yuav sau ntawv kom siv cov tshuaj cephalosporins (piv txwv li, cefalexin) rau cov kab mob hauv hniav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus neeg mob tsis muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj penicillin hnyav. Cov tshuaj no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog penicillin, yog li ntawd, thaum muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav (piv txwv li, kev tsis haum tshuaj anaphylactic), yuav tsum tsis txhob siv lossis xav txog kom zoo, raws li tus kws kho mob qhov kev ntsuam xyuas.
Kev siv dav dav: lwm txoj hauv kev rau qee kis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab mob me me mus rau nruab nrab.
Lub Ntsiab Cai Tseem Ceeb: Cov Tshuaj Tua Kab Mob Tsis Yog Ib Yam Hloov Kev Kho Mob Hniav
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab txo qhov kev kis tus kab mob, tab sis lawv tsis tshem tawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov teeb meem, xws li qhov tob hauv qhov ncauj, cov nqaij tuag, lossis qhov o uas xav tau kev ntws tawm. Yog tsis muaj kev kho mob kom zoo, tus kab mob tuaj yeem rov tshwm sim dua tom qab cov tshuaj tua kab mob ploj mus.
Cov txheej txheem kho hniav uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau muaj xws li:
- Kev kho cov hauv paus hniav kom ntxuav cov kab mob los ntawm sab hauv cov hniav
- Kev siv dej ntws los tshem tawm cov kua qaub ncaug
- Kev ntxuav cov tartar thiab kev saib xyuas cov pos hniav yog tias qhov chaw yog periodontal
- rho hniav tawm yog tias tsis tuaj yeem cawm tau lawm
Yuav Siv Tshuaj Tua Kab Mob Li Cas Kom Muaj Kev Nyab Xeeb
Yuav kom cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem ntxiv, ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov hauv qab no:
1. Noj raws li tau qhia (koj tus kheej tsis tas yuav hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab siv ntev npaum li cas).
2. Noj tshuaj tua kab mob kom tag tsuas yog koj tus kws kho mob hais kom koj tsum vim muaj qee yam kev mob tshwm sim.
3. Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas seem los ntawm cov mob yav dhau los.
4. Qhia txog kev ua xua rau tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau penicillin lossis cephalosporin.
5. Saib xyuas seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj cov teeb meem loj xws li ua tsis taus pa, ua pob khaus nthuav dav, o ntsej muag, lossis raws plab hnyav—nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
6. Tsis txhob ncua kev kho hniav: cov tshuaj tua kab mob feem ntau tsuas yog "tus choj" ua ntej kev kho mob tseem ceeb raug ua tiav.
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis chav kho mob ceev tam sim ntawd?
Nrhiav kev pab tam sim ntawd yog tias koj ntsib teeb meem no:
- Kev o sai sai nce ntxiv rau ntawm lub ntsej muag/caj dab
- Ua pa nyuaj los yog nqos nyuaj
- Qhov ncauj nyuaj rau qhib
- Kub taub hau heev, mob khaub thuas, lossis qaug zog zuj zus
- Mob hnyav heev uas tsis zoo dua nrog tshuaj
Kev kis tus kab mob ntawm cov hniav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij yog tias tsis kho.
Kev kaw
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas siv ntau rau kev kis kab mob hniav suav nrog penicillin (Penicillin V), amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, clindamycin, metronidazole, macrolides (azithromycin/erythromycin), thiab cephalosporins rau qee qhov xwm txheej. Kev xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob, hom kab mob uas xav tias yog, kev ua xua, thiab tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv feem ntau.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tsuas yog siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob raws li tus kws kho mob lossis kws kho hniav tau hais kom siv xwb, nrog rau kev kho qhov chaw uas muaj kab mob. Yog tias koj ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab siv cov tshuaj kom zoo, cov kab mob hauv hniav yuav kho tau zoo thiab sai, thiab tiv thaiv tau cov teeb meem.
Yog tias koj xav tau, kuv tuaj yeem hloov kho tsab xov xwm no kom "nrov dua" rau cov blog kev noj qab haus huv, lossis "kev tshawb fawb" ntau dua nrog cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qauv sau ntawv zoo li phau ntawv xov xwm.
