Kev Xaiv Hom Kev Kho Hniav Zoo Nkauj
Cov khoom siv kho hniav tsis zoo ib yam li cov xim hlau ci ntsa iab thaum luag ntxhi lawm. Kev nce qib hauv cov khoom siv kho hniav tau tsim ntau yam khoom siv kho hniav zoo nkauj - tsim los kom muaj zog thaum sib xyaw nrog cov xim hniav ntuj. Cov khoom siv kho hniav zoo nkauj feem ntau raug xaiv los kho cov qhov, cov kab nrib me me, cov hniav hnav, thiab txawm tias hloov cov khoom siv kho hniav qub, tsis muaj xim lossis xau. Txawm hais tias lub hom phiaj yog "ua kom zoo nkauj," kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub zog tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: kev tu cev qhov ncauj, cov xwm txheej tom, thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav (pem hauv ntej lossis nraub qaum) yog cov yam tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov hauv qab no yog cov hom kev kho hniav zoo nkauj tshaj plaws, ua tiav nrog lawv cov txiaj ntsig, kev txwv, thiab cov lus qhia rau kev siv.
1) Cov Khoom Siv Ua Los Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Sib Xyaws
Cov khoom siv kho hniav uas siv cov yas sib xyaw ua ke yog cov khoom siv uas neeg nyiam siv tshaj plaws niaj hnub no. Cov khoom no yog cov yas sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov khoom siv uas txhawb zog xws li iav lossis cov khoom siv ceramic zoo. Cov kws kho hniav tuaj yeem xaiv cov xim uas ze tshaj plaws rau tus neeg mob cov hniav, txawm tias muab cov khoom siv kho hniav sib xyaw ua ke kom tau qhov zoo nkauj ntuj.
Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws:
- Zoo nkauj heev, vim tias xim tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li cov hniav.
- Cov txheej txheem no ua tau sai thiab ua tiav tau hauv ib zaug mus ntsib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov qhov me me-nruab nrab.
– Kev ceev faj dua: feem ntau yuav tsum tau tshem cov ntaub so hniav tsawg dua li qee cov khoom siv kho hniav, vim tias cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem sib txuas rau cov enamel thiab dentin.
Cov Kev Txwv:
- Hauv thaj chaw molar uas muaj kev zom ntau, cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem hnav sai dua li qee cov ntaub ntawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus neeg mob muaj tus cwj pwm sib tsoo lawv cov hniav (bruxism).
- Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem hloov pauv xim (xim av) vim yog kas fes, tshuaj yej, haus luam yeeb, lossis kev tu cev qhov ncauj tsis zoo.
- Kev nkag siab rau cov txheej txheem: kev vam meej yog cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tswj cov dej noo (qaug zog), lub peev xwm sib txuas, thiab cov txheej txheem kho.
Haum rau: cov hniav pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab, cov qhov me me-nruab nrab, kho qhov tawg me me, kev txhaws kom zoo nkauj tom qab tshem tawm cov kab mob hniav.
2) Cov Khoom Siv Ionomer Iav (GIC) thiab Cov Khoom Siv GIC Hloov Kho Uas Muaj Resin (RMGIC)
Cov cement iav ionomer (GIC) yog ib yam khoom siv los txhaws hniav uas muaj ntau yam xim sib xws nrog cov xim hniav. Ib qho ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog tias nws tso cov fluoride tawm, yog li ntawd pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov qab muaj kab mob hniav nyob ib puag ncig qhov txhaws hniav. Ib qho kev hloov pauv niaj hnub dua yog RMGIC, uas yog GIC hloov kho los ntawm cov resin uas muaj zog dua thiab tiv taus dej noo ntau dua.
Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws:
- Kev tso tshuaj fluoride: muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg mob uas muaj feem yuav mob hniav ntau.
- Kev nplaum tshuaj rau cov qauv hniav, yog li nws tuaj yeem lo tau yam tsis muaj kev sib txuas nyuaj li cov khoom sib xyaw.
- Muaj kev kam rau siab dua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis tswj tau cov qaub ncaug zoo (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog RMGIC).
Cov Kev Txwv:
- Kev zoo nkauj thiab ci ntsa iab feem ntau qis dua li cov khoom sib xyaw; qhov tiav yog "matte" ntau dua.
- Lub zog qis dua thiab kev tiv thaiv kev hnav, ua rau nws tsis zoo rau cov chaw zom khoom hnyav (molars) yog tias qhov kab noj hniav loj.
- Yog tsis tswj tau ces yuav yooj yim dua rau cov cwj pwm uas muaj kua qaub ntau dhau (dej qab zib uas muaj roj ntau, kua qaub rov qab los).
Haum rau: cov khoom me me uas txhaws, cov khoom txhaws ze ntawm cov pos hniav/cag (cov qhov txhab ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsev menyuam), cov menyuam yaus, cov neeg mob uas muaj feem yuav mob hniav lwj, lossis ua ib ntus/thawj zaug txhaws ua ntej kho kom zoo.
3) Compomer Patch
Compomer yog ib qho sib xyaw ntawm cov composite thiab iav ionomer: nws zoo nkauj dua li GIC thiab tuaj yeem tso tawm qee yam fluoride. Cov khoom siv no feem ntau siv rau hauv qee kis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev kho hniav menyuam yaus lossis rau kev txhaws me me.
Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws:
- Kev zoo nkauj zoo heev (feem ntau zoo dua li GIC).
- Kev tso tawm fluoride txawm hais tias tsis siab npaum li GIC.
- Cov txheej txheem yooj yim heev, thiab qhov sib txuas zoo heev.
Cov Kev Txwv:
- Kev tiv taus kev hnav thiab lub zog feem ntau tseem qis dua cov khoom sib xyaw rau cov chaw zom khoom hnyav.
- Cov kev xaiv xim thiab cov xim tiav yuav txawv nyob ntawm lub hom.
Haum rau: kev txhaws hniav me-nruab nrab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob hluas lossis cov cheeb tsam uas tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm fluoride.
4) Ceramic Inlay/Onlay (Porcelain/Ceramic Inlay Onlay)
Yog tias qhov khoob loj txaus lossis phab ntsa hniav tsis muaj zog, koj tus kws kho hniav yuav pom zoo kom siv inlay/onlay. Tsis zoo li kev txhaws ncaj qha, uas ua ncaj qha rau hauv qhov ncauj, inlays/onlays yog kev kho tsis ncaj qha uas tsim hauv chav kuaj lossis siv cov thev naus laus zis chairside (CAD/CAM). Cov khoom siv ceramics (xws li lithium disilicate) paub txog lawv qhov zoo nkauj thiab xim ruaj khov zoo.
Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws:
- Zoo nkauj heev: pob tshab thiab lub teeb ci ntsa iab zoo ib yam li cov hniav ntuj.
- Tiv taus cov xim thiab xim ruaj khov rau lub sijhawm ntev.
- Muaj zog thiab tsis yooj yim hnav, haum rau cov hniav tom qab uas muaj cov khoom zom loj (nrog cov cim qhia tsim nyog).
- Cov duab ntawm lub cev thiab kev sib cuag ntawm cov hniav tuaj yeem ua tau meej heev.
Cov Kev Txwv:
- Feem ntau cov nqi kim dua li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke.
– Feem ntau yuav tsum tau mus ntsib ob zaug (tshwj tsis yog ib hnub CAD/CAM).
- Yuav tsum tau npaj ntau dua li kev txhaws me me, txawm hais tias feem ntau nws tseem ruaj khov dua li lub kaus mom tag nrho.
Haum rau: cov hniav lwj nruab nrab mus rau hnyav, hloov cov khoom siv loj uas feem ntau poob tawm, xav tau kev zoo nkauj heev, thiab cov neeg mob uas xav tau kev kho kom ruaj khov dua.
5) Composite Inlay/Onlay (Indirect Composite)
Ntxiv rau cov khoom siv av nplaum, cov inlays/onlays kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tsis ncaj qha. Lawv muab kev zoo nkauj zoo dua thiab feem ntau "phooj ywg" rau cov hniav sib txawv (tsis muaj kev sib txhuam). Cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws: npaj cov hniav, tom qab ntawd kho dua tshiab raug tsim sab nraum lub qhov ncauj thiab lo rau nrog cov cement resin.
Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws:
- Kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj thiab kev kho kom raug zoo.
- Feem ntau pheej yig dua li cov khoom siv ceramic.
- Nws tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev xaiv yog tias koj xav tau kev kho dua tshiab tsis ncaj qha tab sis tseem hloov tau yooj yim.
Cov Kev Txwv:
- Lub peev xwm hloov xim tuaj yeem ntau dua li cov khoom siv ceramic.
- Kev hnav tsis kam sib txawv nyob ntawm cov khoom siv thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg mob.
Haum rau: cov rooj plaub nruab nrab-loj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov khoom siv av nplaum ua tsis tau vim yog kev txiav txim siab txog tus nqi lossis qee yam mob.
6) Cov Veneers Sib Xyaws Rau Kev Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Rau Cov Hniav Pem Hauv Ntej (Qee Qhov Xwm Txheej)
Hauv cov hniav pem hauv ntej, kev txhawj xeeb txog kev zoo nkauj feem ntau nthuav dav tshaj qhov muaj qhov, suav nrog kev puas tsuaj, qhov sib txawv (diastemas), lossis qhov tawg me me. Qee zaum, cov kws kho hniav tuaj yeem lo rau cov veneer sib xyaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov puas tsuaj yog nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav pem hauv ntej.
Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws:
- Zoo nkauj heev thaum ua tiav nrog cov txheej txheem zoo.
- Feem ntau tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ib zaug mus ntsib.
- Khaws cia kom zoo dua li cov veneers ceramic hauv qee qhov xwm txheej.
Cov Kev Txwv:
- Yooj yim rau kev pleev xim dua li cov veneers ceramic.
- Yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab tswj xyuas tas li kom cov npoo kho kom du thiab huv si.
Haum rau: kho cov hniav pem hauv ntej me me, tawg me me, kho cov duab, lossis kaw qhov sib txawv me me.
Cov Yam Uas Txiav Txim Siab Rau Kev Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv Zoo Nkauj
Rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws, kev xaiv cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj yuav tsum tsis txhob tsuas yog raws li "dawb tshaj plaws" lossis "kim tshaj plaws." Cov kws kho hniav feem ntau xav txog cov hauv qab no:
1. Qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav: cov hniav pem hauv ntej muab qhov zoo nkauj tso ua ntej, cov hniav puas muab qhov muaj zog tso ua ntej.
2. Qhov loj thiab qhov tob ntawm lub qhov: qhov loj dua lub qhov, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev kho kom zoo dua qub.
3. Cov pos hniav thiab qhov ncauj mob: thaj chaw ze ntawm cov pos hniav feem ntau nyuaj rau qhuav, yog li cov ntaub uas tiv taus dej noo yuav tsim nyog dua.
4. Tus neeg mob tus cwj pwm: bruxism, haus kas fes/tshuaj yej, haus luam yeeb, thiab noj zaub mov acidic cuam tshuam rau qhov ruaj khov thiab xim ntawm cov khoom txhaws hniav.
5. Kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov qab muaj kab mob hniav: cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov khoom siv uas tso cov tshuaj fluoride (piv txwv li GIC/RMGIC).
6. Nyiaj txiag thiab lub sijhawm: kev kho hniav ncaj qha feem ntau ua haujlwm sai dua thiab pheej yig dua; kev kho tsis ncaj qha feem ntau kim dua thiab siv sijhawm ntau dua.
Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Saib Xyuas Cov Khoom Siv Zoo Nkauj kom Ua Rau Lawv Nyob Ntev
Tom qab muab cov khoom ntim rau hauv, kev saib xyuas txhua hnub yuav txiav txim siab lub neej ntawm cov khoom ntim:
- Txhuam koj cov hniav ob zaug ib hnub nrog cov txheej txheem kom raug thiab siv cov xov paj ntxuav hniav.
- Txo qhov kev pheej tom cov khoom tawv (cov dej khov nab kuab, cov ntsis cwj mem).
– Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus dej tsaus; yog tias koj ua li ntawd, ces haus dej yaug qhov ncauj kom huv si.
– Mus kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua txhua 6 lub hlis kom tus kws kho mob thiaj li kuaj tau seb puas muaj qhov xau ntawm ntug ntawm qhov txhaws lossis cov kab mob lwj thib ob.
Yog koj muaj mob bruxism, xav txog kev siv lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv hmo ntuj raws li koj tus kws kho hniav pom zoo.
Kev kaw
Cov khoom siv kho hniav zoo nkauj muaj cov kev daws teeb meem uas rov ua haujlwm tau zoo thaum tseem zoo li ntuj. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yog ib qho kev xaiv uas siv tau ntau yam rau ntau qhov xwm txheej, thaum GIC/RMGIC thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb xws li kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob caries lossis thaj chaw ze ntawm cov pos hniav. Rau cov qhov tsis zoo loj dua, cov khoom siv ceramic inlays/onlays lossis cov khoom sib xyaw tsis ncaj qha tuaj yeem muab lub zog thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua. Thaum kawg, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov uas haum rau koj tus mob hniav, tus cwj pwm, thiab txoj kev npaj kho mob mus sij hawm ntev - thiab qhov ntawd yuav tsum txiav txim siab los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas tus kheej los ntawm koj tus kws kho hniav.
