Atavism: Ke ʻeli ʻana i nā koena o ka wā i hala i hoʻoilina ʻia
Pendahuluan
I loko o ka biology a me ka evolution, aia kekahi manaʻo hoihoi i ʻike ʻia ʻo atavism. ʻO Atavism ka mea e pili ana i ka hoʻi hou ʻana o nā ʻano kūpuna i nalowale i nā hanauna i hala. Hāpai kēia hanana i nā nīnau hoihoi e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hiki ke ʻike koke ʻia nā koena o ka wā i hala i nā meaola hou. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i ke kumumanaʻo o atavism mai nā ʻano like ʻole, mai ka hoʻomaopopo kumu a hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona ola maoli a hiki i kona pili i ke aʻo ʻana i ka evolutionary biology.
He aha ka Atavism?
Mai ka huaʻōlelo Latina "atavus" mai ka ʻōlelo Atavism, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kupuna. Pili ia i ka ʻike hou ʻana mai o kekahi mau ʻano i loaʻa i nā kūpuna mamao akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā hanauna hou. Ma ke ʻano biological, ʻo ka atavism ka ʻike hou ʻana mai o nā ʻano a i ʻole nā ʻano kino mai nā kūpuna i nalowale lōʻihi. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui o kā mākou ʻike genetic i hoʻoilina ʻia mai ko mākou mau mākua pili, hiki i kekahi mau ʻano ke hōʻalo i nā hanauna a ʻike hou ʻia—ua kapa ʻia kēia he atavism.
Nā Laʻana o nā Atavism Kino
ʻO ka laʻana kaulana loa o ka atavism ʻo ia ke ʻano o nā ʻano kino ʻē i loko o ke kanaka a me nā holoholona. I loko o ke kanaka, ʻo kekahi o nā laʻana kaulana loa o ka atavism ʻo ia ka ulu ʻana o kahi huelo, kahi i ʻike ʻia i ka wā hānau. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe huelo ʻike ʻia o ke kanaka o kēia wā, he mau ʻano huelo ko ko kākou mau kūpuna mai ka wā ma mua. I kekahi mau hihia kakaikahi loa, hānau ʻia nā pēpē me nā puka iwi kuamoʻo e like me nā huelo.
ʻO kekahi laʻana ʻo ia ka hihia o ka "wāwae lio manamana ʻekolu" i ʻike ʻia i kekahi manawa i nā lio o kēia wā. He ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manamana wāwae ko nā kūpuna lio ma ko lākou mau wāwae, akā i nā makahiki o ka ulu ʻana, hoʻokahi wale nō manamana wāwae nui i loaʻa iā lākou—ʻo ka ʻūhā wāwae. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa puka mai kēia ʻano atavistic, a hānau ʻia nā lio me nā ʻūhā wāwae he nui.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka Vegetative Atavism
ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia ka Atavism i nā holoholona; hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ʻia i nā mea kanu. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia hanana i nā mea kanu e hoʻomohala i nā ʻano mai ko lākou mau kūpuna mua. No ka laʻana, hiki i kekahi mau mea kanu ke hoʻomohala i nā lau a i ʻole nā pua e like me ko ko lākou mau kūpuna kahiko i ka wā e loli koke ai ke kaiapuni a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka genetics.
Nā kumu o ka Atavism
ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻokumu ʻia ka atavism e kekahi mau kumu genetic. ʻO kekahi o kēia ka hoʻāla hou ʻana o nā genes i hana ʻole ʻia ma mua. Ma o ka evolution, hiki i kekahi mau genes ke lilo i mea hana ʻole akā e noho mau ana i loko o ke ʻano genetic o kahi meaola. ʻO ke ola hou ʻana o kēia mau genes hiki ke hopena i ka puka ʻana mai o nā ʻano atavistic.
Eia kekahi, hiki i nā hoʻololi genetic a i ʻole nā hewa i ka mahele cell ke hoʻoulu i nā atavisms. ʻO kahi ʻano prenatal e loli nei e kōkua pū i ka puka ʻana mai o nā atavisms, no ka mea hiki i kēia mau kūlana ke hoʻoulu i ka hōʻike ʻana o nā genes i hoʻohana pinepine ʻole ʻia ma mua.
Pili i ke aʻo ʻana i ka Biology Evolutionary
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko nā atavism i ke aʻo ʻana i ka biology evolutionary. Hāʻawi kēia mau hanana i nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka loli ʻana o nā ʻano i nā miliona miliona o nā makahiki. Ma ke aʻo ʻana i nā atavism, hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hana hou i nā pilina evolutionary a loaʻa ka ʻike i nā hoʻololi i hala a me nā loli o ke kaiapuni.
ʻO ka hiki ke ʻike i nā ʻano atavistic e hoʻonui pū i ko mākou ʻike i ke ʻano a me ka hana genetic. Ke hoʻomau nei ka holomua i ka genetics a me ka biotechnology, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i kēia ʻike e hoʻonui i ko mākou ʻike i nā ʻano paʻakikī o ka hoʻoponopono gene.
Nā Pilikia i ke Aʻo ʻana i ka Atavism
ʻOiai kona ʻano hoihoi, ke kū nei ke aʻo ʻana i ka atavism i nā pilikia like ʻole. ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia nui loa, ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano hana genetic e pili ana i kēia hanana. ʻOiai ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau genes e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana i ka atavism, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā pilina paʻakikī ma waena o nā genes a me nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni e mau ana kahi ʻāpana noiʻi ikaika e pono ai ka ʻimi hou aku.
Ka hopena
ʻO nā atavisms nā puka makani i loko o ka wā i hala e pili ana i ko mākou ʻike i ka biology a me ka genetics. ʻAʻole wale kēia mau hanana e hoʻonui i ko mākou ʻike i ke ʻano o ka loli ʻana o nā ʻano i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa akā e hoʻokūpaʻa pū ana hoʻi i ke koʻikoʻi o nā genomes a me ka hoʻoponopono genetic i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke ʻano like ʻole o ke ola ma ka Honua. E hoʻomau ka noiʻi hou ʻana i nā atavisms i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻike waiwai i ka biology evolutionary hou a me ka genetics, a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ko mākou ʻike i ka paʻakikī o ke ola ponoʻī.
