Isihloko mayelana namandla kagesi angase abe khona
Ngaphambi kokufunda lesi sihloko, qala uqonde umsebenzi, amandla okulondoloza, ubudlelwano phakathi kwamandla okulondoloza namandla angaba khona , amandla kagesi kanye nensimu kagesi.
Amandla kagesi angamandla okulondoloza
Ngaphezu kwamandla adonsela phansi kanye namandla entwasahlobo, esinye isibonelo samandla alondolozayo amandla kagesi. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi kungani amandla kagesi ebizwa ngokuthi amandla alondolozayo, qonda incazelo elandelayo.
Ake sithi kukhona amapuleti amabili ashajwe ngogesi njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni, ipuleti lesobunxele lishajwe kahle, kanti ipuleti lesokudla lishajwe kabi. Umcibisholo ophakathi kwamapuleti amabili yimigqa yensimu kagesi ephuma ekushajweni okuhle ibheke ekushajweni okubi. Ukushajwa okuhle kuseduze nepuleti elihle elishajwe kahle ngogesi.
Ukuba khona kwensimu kagesi kubangela ukuthi ishaja elungile ibone amandla kagesi ngendlela yensimu kagesi ukuze ishaja elungile isheshiswe ngakwesokudla ibheke epuletini elishajwe kabi. Indlela yamandla kagesi ngakwesokudla, ngendlela yokunyakaza kweshaja, ukuze amandla kagesi enze umsebenzi omuhle ekushajweni. Ngokwezibalo, umsebenzi owenziwa amandla kagesi ekushajweni okuhle yi-W = F d = q E d, lapho u-W = umsebenzi, u-F = amandla kagesi, d = ibanga phakathi kwamapuleti amabili, u-q = ishaja elungile, u-E = insimu kagesi.
Ngemva kokufika eduze kwepuleti elishajeke kabi, uma ishaja elihle libuyiselwa endaweni yalo yokuqala eduze kwepuleti elishajeke kabi, kudingeka amandla angaphandle. Lapho ishaja elihle lihanjiswa ngakwesobunxele liye epuletini elishajeke kahle, amandla kagesi ahlala eqondiswe ngakwesokudla ukuze amandla kagesi enze umsebenzi ongemuhle ekushajeni. Ngokwezibalo, umsebenzi owenziwe amandla kagesi ekushajekeni okuhle ngu-W = – F d = – q E d.
Umsebenzi ophelele owenziwe amandla kagesi kushaja enhle, lapho ishaja iqhubekela kwesokudla, bese iqhubekela futhi kwesobunxele endaweni yayo yokuqala, u-W = q E d – q E d = 0. Uma umsebenzi wenethi wenziwa ngamandla entweni, lapho into isuka endaweni yayo yokuqala bese ibuyela endaweni yayo yokuqala, okulingana no-zero, khona-ke amandla angamandla alondolozayo. Ngokusekelwe encazelweni engenhla, kungaphethwa ngokuthi amandla kagesi angamandla alondolozayo.
Amandla kagesi kanye namandla kagesi angase abe khona
Umsebenzi owenziwa amandla alondolozayo uhlobene nezinguquko emandleni angase abe khona. Isibonelo, umsebenzi owenziwa amandla adonsela phansi entweni enkulu ushintsha amandla angase abe khona adonsela phansi ento enkulu. Ngokufanayo, umsebenzi owenziwa amandla kagesi eshajeni likagesi ushintsha amandla angase abe khona kagesi eshajeni.
Ishaja elihle ensimini kagesi efanayo
Izithombe ezimbili ezingezansi zibonisa izibonelo zomsebenzi owenziwe amandla alondolozayo abangela izinguquko emandleni angase abe khona. Incazelo yomsebenzi owenziwe ngamandla adonsela phansi kanye nezinguquko emandleni angase abe khona adonsela phansi isetshenziswa njengokuqhathanisa,
ukwenza kube lula ukuqonda umsebenzi owenziwe amandla kagesi kanye nezinguquko emandleni kagesi.
Isithombe esingakwesokunxele sibonisa into ewela ngokukhululeka ebusweni bomhlaba. Uma iphezulu, izinto zinamandla amakhulu okudonsela phansi. Uma zihamba phansi, amandla adonsela phansi asebenza entweni. Isiqondiso samandla adonsela phansi sifana nesiqondiso sokunyakaza kwento ephansi ukuze amandla adonsela phansi enze umsebenzi omuhle. Uma isheshiswa phansi, ukuphakama kwento kuyehla ukuze amandla adonsela phansi ento anciphe. Uma ifika phansi, amandla adonsela phansi aphansi. Kungaphethwa ngokuthi umsebenzi omuhle owenziwa amandla adonsela phansi entweni unciphisa amandla adonsela phansi entweni. Amandla adonsela phansi awalahleki kodwa ashintsha abe amandla e-kinetic, okuboniswa ukwanda kwesivinini sento lapho ihamba phansi.
Isithombe esingakwesokudla sibonisa ishaja enhle eduze kwepuleti elishajeke kahle. Uma liseduze nepuleti elishajeke kahle, amandla kagesi anenani eliphezulu. Ukuba khona kwensimu kagesi phakathi kwala mapuleti amabili kubangela ukuthi ishaja isheshiswe ngamandla kagesi kusukela epuletini elishajeke kahle kuya epuletini elishajeke kabi. Uma ishaja ihambela ngakwesokudla, amandla kagesi nawo aqonde lapho ishaja isuka khona iye kwesokudla, ukuze amandla kagesi enze umsebenzi omuhle. Ngesikhathi sokuya kwesokudla, amandla e-kinetic eshaja ayanda kuyilapho amandla kagesi ehla.
Lapho ufika eduze kwepuleti elineshaja engemihle, amandla kagesi angase abe khona anenani eliphansi. Kungaphethwa ngokuthi umsebenzi omuhle owenziwe amandla kagesi ekushajeni unciphisa amandla kagesi angase abe khona okushaja. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma ishaja engemihle ibuyiselwa endaweni yayo yokuqala khona-ke isiqondiso seshaja siyashintsha siye kwesobunxele, siphambene nesiqondiso samandla kagesi ngakwesokudla. Ngenxa yendlela ephambene, amandla kagesi enza umsebenzi ongemihle ekushajeni okuhle. Uma uthuthela kwesobunxele, amandla kagesi angase abe khona ayakhula. Ngakho-ke, kungaphethwa ngokuthi umsebenzi ongemihle owenziwe amandla kagesi ekushajeni ukhulisa amandla kagesi angase abe khona okushaja.
Ishaja engalungile ensimini kagesi efanayo
Ngokungafani nokushaja okuhle, ukushaja okubi kunamandla amakhulu kagesi uma kuseduze nepuleti elishajwe kabi kanye namandla amancane kagesi uma kuseduze nepuleti elishajwe kahle. Ngokwemvelo, ukushaja kagesi kuhamba kusuka kumandla aphezulu kuya kumandla aphansi, ngakho-ke ukushaja okubi nakho kuhamba kusuka epuletini elishajwe kabi kuya epuletini elishajwe kahle. Indlela yokufuduka kweshaja embi ingakwesobunxele, kuyilapho indlela yamandla kagesi ingakwesokudla ukuze amandla kagesi enze umsebenzi ongemuhle. Uma kushukunyiswa ngakwesobunxele, amandla kagesi amandla okushaja okubi ayancipha futhi anenani eliphansi lapho ukushaja okubi kufika eduze kwepuleti elishajwe kahle. Kungaphethwa ngokuthi umsebenzi ongemuhle owenziwa amandla kagesi unciphisa amandla kagesi amandla okushaja okubi. Amandla kagesi amandla awalahleki kodwa ashintsha abe amandla e-kinetic abonakala ngokwandisa ijubane lokushaja lapho kushukunyiswa ipuleti elishajwe kahle.
Amandla kagesi angase abe khona ensimini kagesi efanayo
Amandla kagesi angase asebenze eshajeni uma ishaje isendaweni ethile, inani layo alikwazi ukwaziswa. Kodwa uma ishaje isuka kwenye indawo iye kwenye, kungabalwa ushintsho lwamandla kagesi angase asebenze eshajeni. Ngakho-ke, okubalulekile ushintsho lwamandla angase asebenze. Izinguquko kumandla kagesi angase asebenze (ΔEP) zingaziwa lapho ishaje elihle lisuka kumandla aphezulu (ipuleti elingase asebenze kahle) liye kumandla aphansi (ipuleti elingase asebenze kahle).
Uma siqhathanisa, uma umango usesiqwini sawo, umango unamandla adonsela phansi, kodwa inani lawo alikwaziwa. Uma isithelo sikamango sisheshiswa siye phansi ngamandla adonsela phansi, ushintsho lwamandla adonsela phansi kamango lungaziwa ngokubala kusetshenziswa ifomula ethi W = ΔEP = mgh,
lapho m = isisindo, g = ukusheshisa kwamandla adonsela phansi, h = ibanga eliphakathi komango kanye nobuso bomhlaba.
Ngokufanayo, izinguquko zamandla kagesi angase abe khona okushaja zingaziwa lapho amandla kagesi esheshisa ukushaja kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye. Njengoba kuchaziwe ngaphambilini, uma ukushaja okuhle kusuka epuletini elishajeke kahle kuya epuletini elishajeke kabi,
ushintsho lwamandla kagesi angase asebenze lubalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula ethi W = ΔEP = q E d, lapho u-q = ishaja kagesi, u-E = insimu kagesi kanye no-d = ibanga eliphakathi kwendawo nenye indawo. Ngokufanayo, uma ishaja engemihle isuka epuletini elingase asebenze kahle iye epuletini elingase asebenze kahle, ukwanda kwamandla kagesi angase asebenze kahle eshaja engemihle kubalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula ethi W = ΔEP = q E d.
Amandla kagesi angase abe khona amashaja amabili
Izinguquko emandleni kagesi angase abonakale azibonakali nje kuphela ngokushaja ensimini kagesi efanayo, kodwa futhi nensimu kagesi ekhiqizwa ukushaja kagesi okukodwa. Ake sithi kukhona ukushaja okukodwa u-Q okukhiqiza insimu kagesi kanti ukushaja okungu-q kunebanga elingu-r ukusuka ekushajeni u-Q.
Q = ukushaja kukagesi okubangela insimu kagesi
q = ishaja kagesi esuswa ensimini kagesi ekhiqizwa yishaja Q
d = r = ibanga lokushaja u-q kusuka ekushajeni u-Q.
Uma womabili amashaja enophawu olufanayo, + noma -, khona-ke amashaja amabili ayaxoshana noma aqhelelane ukuze izinguquko emandleni angaba khona zibe zinhle (amandla kagesi ayanda). Lokhu kufana nento eningi ehamba iye phezulu ukusuka emhlabeni ukuze ukuphakama kwayo kanye namandla adonsela phansi kukhuphuke. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma uphawu lwawo womabili amashaja lungafani, amashaja amabili ayadonsana noma asondelane ukuze ushintsho emandleni angaba khona lube lubi (amandla kagesi ayancipha). Lokhu kufana nento eningi ehamba phansi isondela ebusweni bomhlaba ukuze ukuphakama kwayo kanye namandla adonsela phansi kunciphe.
Amandla kagesi angamandla alondolozayo, ngakho-ke ukuma kwendlela yokushaja akuthinti izinguquko emandleni kagesi. Okuthonya inani lezinguquko emandleni kagesi, yisikhundla sokuqala kanye nendawo yokugcina yokushaja.
Esihlokweni esilandelayo kuzofundwa ngamandla kagesi, ubuningi obuphathekayo obuhlobene kakhulu namandla kagesi.
