Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo

Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo

1. Amacala amathathu njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi . Yimaphi amandla kagesi atholakala ngecala B. k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2 , 1 μC = 10 −6 C.

Kwaziwa:

qA = 10 µC = 10 x 10-6 C=10-5 I-CoulombAmandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 1

q B = 10 µC = 10 x 10 -6 = 10 -5 Ama-Coulomb

q C = 20 µC = 20 x 10 -6 = 2 x 10 -5 Ama-Coulomb

r AB = 0.1 m = 10 -1 m

r BC = 0.1 m = 10 -1 m

k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2

Kufunwa: Amandla kagesi atholakala ngokushaja B

Isixazululo:

Kunezenzo ezimbili zamandla kagesi ku-charge B, okungukuthi amandla kagesi phakathi kwe-charge A kanye ne-charge B (F AB ) kanye namandla kagesi phakathi kwe-charge B kanye ne-C (F BC ). Amandla kagesi atholakala ku-charge B abangelwa amandla F AB kanye ne-force F BC.

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwezindleko A no-B:

Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 2

Ishaja A ilungile kanti ishaja B ilungile ukuze isiqondiso se- F AB sikhomba kushaja u- C.

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala B no-C:

Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 3

Ishaja B ilungile kanti ishaja C ilungile ukuze i-F BC ikhombe kushaja A.

Amandla kagesi atholakala ngokushaja B:

F B = F BC – F AB = 180 – 90 = 90 N.

Ubukhulu bamandla kagesi abonwa yi-charge B (F B ) bungama -Newton angu-90. I-direction ye- F B ifana ne-direction ye- F BC , amaphuzu ku-charge A.

2. Ubukhulu kanye nesiqondiso samandla kagesi ashajayo B. ( k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2 , 1 μC = 10 −6 C)

Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 4

Kwaziwa:

Ishaja A (q A ) = +Q

Ishaja B (q B ) = -2Q

Ishaja C (q C ) = -Q

Ibanga phakathi kwezindleko A kanye no-B (r AB ) = r

Ibanga phakathi kwezindleko B kanye no-C (r BC ) = 2r

k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2

Okufunwayo: Ubukhulu kanye nesiqondiso samandla kagesi ashajayo B.

Isixazululo:

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwezindleko A no-B:

Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 5

Ishaja A ilungile kanti ishaja B ilungile ukuze isiqondiso se- F AB sikhomba ekushajeni u- A.

Amandla kagesi phakathi kweshaja B neshaja C:

Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 6

Ishaja B imbi kanti ishaja C imbi ukuze isiqondiso se- F BC sibhekise kushaja A.

Ibutho eliphelele lisebenza ngokushaja u-B:

F = F AB + F BC = 2 k Q 2 /r 2 + 0.5 k Q 2 /r 2 = 2.5 k Q 2 /r 2 = 2.5 k Q 2 r -2

Isiqondiso samandla kagesi sikhomba ukushaja u-A (ngakwesobunxele).

3. Amashaja kagesi amabili, aboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Ukushaja endaweni A kungu-8 µC kanti amandla kagesi asebenza kuzo zombili lezi zindleko angu-45 N. Uma ukushaja u-A kuhamba ngakwesokudla ngo-1 cm, yiliphi amandla akhangayo asebenza kuzo zombili lezi zindleko. k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2.

Kwaziwa:

Ukushaja kukagesi endaweni A (q)A) = 8 µC = 8 x 10-6 I-CoulombAmandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 7

Amandla kagesi asebenza kuzo zombili izindleko (F) = 45 Newtons

Ibanga phakathi kwamabili amashaja (r AB ) = 4 cm = 0.04 amamitha = 4 x 10 -2 amamitha

Okungaguquki (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Okufunwayo: Amandla kagesi phakathi kokushaja kokubili uma ishaja u-A iqhubekela kwesokudla ngo-1 cm.

Isixazululo:

Ukushaja kukagesi endaweni B :

Isibalo samandla kagesi:

F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

Fr r 2 = k (q A )(q B )

q B = F r 2 / k (q A )

Ukushaja kukagesi endaweni B :

q B = (45)(4 x 10 -2 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(8 x 10 -6 )

q B = (45)(16 x 10 -4 ) / 72 x 10 3

q B = (720 x 10 -4 ) / (72 x 10 3 )

q B = 10 x 10 -7 Ama-Coulomb

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala kagesi u-A no-B:

Uma ukushaja ku-A kuhamba ngakwesokudla ngo-1 cm khona-ke ibanga eliphakathi kokushaja kokubili lingu-3 cm = 0.03 amamitha = 3 x 10 -2 amamitha.

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F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )(8 x 10 -6 )(10 x 10 -7 ) / (3 x 10 -2 ) 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )(80 x 10 -13 ) / (9 x 10 -4 )

F = (1 x 10 9 )(80 x 10 -13 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = (80 x 10 -4 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = 80 Newton

4. Amashaja kagesi amabili ezindaweni u-P no-Q ahlukaniswe ngebanga elingu-10 cm, zwa amandla akhangayo ka-8 Newton. Uma ishaja u-Q inyakaza ama-5 cm ukuze ishaje u-P, khona-ke iyini amandla kagesi. (1 µC = 10 -6 C kanye no-k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 ).

Kwaziwa:

Ibanga phakathi kwezindleko P kanye no-Q (r)PQ) = 10 cm = 0.1 m = 1 x 10-1 m Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 8

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala P kanye no-Q (F) = 8 N

Ishaja kagesi Q (q Q ) = 40 µC = 40 x 10 -6 C

Okungaguquki (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Okufunwayo: Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamashaja u-P no-Q uma ishaja u-Q ishukunyiswa u-5 cm ukuze ishaje u-P.

Isixazululo:

Okokuqala, bala ishaja kagesi P, bese ubala amandla kagesi phakathi kwamabili amashaja, uma ishaja kagesi Q ishukunyiswa ngamasentimitha angu-5 ukuze ishaje u-P.

Ishaja kagesi P :

q P = F r 2 / k (q Q )

q P = (8)(1 x 10 -1 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(40 x 10 -6 )

q P = (8)(1 x 10 -2 ) / 360 x 10 3

q P = (8 x 10 -2 ) / (36 x 10 4 )

q P = (1 x 10 -2 ) / (4.5 x 10 4 )

q P = (1 / 4.5) x 10 -6 Ama -Coulomb

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala kagesi u-P no-Q:

Uma ukushaja endaweni ethi Q kuthuthwa ngo-5 cm kuye kwesobunxele khona-ke ibanga eliphakathi kokushaja kokubili lingu-5 cm = 0.05 amamitha = 5 x 10 -2 amamitha

F = k (q P )(q Q ) / r 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )((1 / 4.5) x 10 -6 )(40 x 10 -6 ) / (5 x 10 -2 ) 2

F = (2 x 10 3 )(40 x 10 -6 ) / (25 x 10 -4 )

F = (80 x 10 -3 ) / (25 x 10 -4 )

F = 3.2 x 10 1

F = 32 Newton

5. Amandla kagesi atholakala ngokushaja u-q B angama-8 N (1 µC = 10 -6 C kanye no-k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 ). Uma ukushaja u-q B kuthuthele ku-4 cm kusuka ku-A, khona-ke iyini amandla kagesi atholakala ku- q B.

Kwaziwa:

Ibanga phakathi kwezindleko A no-B (r)AB) = 2 cm = 0.02 m = 2 x 10-2 m Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 9

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala u-A no-B (F) = 8 N

Ishaja kagesi A (q A ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 C

Okungaguquki (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Okufunwayo: Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamashaji u-A no-B uma ibanga phakathi kwamashaji womabili lingu-4 cm.

Isixazululo:

Okokuqala, bala ishaja kagesi B, bese ubala amandla kagesi phakathi kwamabili amashaja, uma ibanga lamabili amashaja lingu-4 cm = 0.04 amamitha = 4 x 10 -2 amamitha.

Ishaja kagesi ku- B :

q B = F r 2 / k (q A )

q B = (8)(2 x 10 -2 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )

q B = (8)(4 x 10 -4 ) / (18 x 10 3 )

q B = (32 x 10 -4 ) / (18 x 10 3 )

q B = (32/18) x 10 -7

qB = (16/9) x 10 -7 Ama-Coulomb

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwezindleko A no-B:

F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )((16/9) x 10 -7 ) / (4 x 10 -2 ) 2

F = (18 x 10 3 )((16/9) x 10 -7 ) / (16 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 3 )(16 x 10 -7 ) / (16 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 3 )(1 x 10 -7 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 -4 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = 2 Newton

6. Amashaja amathathu u-A, u-B no-C njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. AB = BC = 20 cm kanti amashaja ayafana (q = 2µC). k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 , 1 µ = 10 -6 . Ubukhulu bamandla kagesi buyini endaweni B?

Kwaziwa:

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Shaja endaweni A (q)A) = 2 µC = 2 x 10-6 I-Coulomb Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 10

Ukushaja endaweni B (q B ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Shaja endaweni C (q C ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Ibanga elisuka ku-B liye ku-C (r BC ) = 20 cm = 0.2 amamitha = 2 x 10 -1 amamitha

Ibanga elisuka ku-B liye ku-A (r BA ) = 20 cm = 0.2 amamitha = 2 x 10 -1 amamitha

k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Okufunwayo: Ubukhulu bamandla kagesi busebenza endaweni B

Isixazululo:

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamashaji kumaphuzu B no-C:

F BC = k (q B )(q C ) / r BC 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )(2 x 10 -6 ) / (2 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(4 x 10 -12 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BC = (36 x 10 -3 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BC = 9 x 10 -1

F BC = 0.9 Newton

Amashaja kagesi kumaphuzu B no-C amahle kangangokuthi isiqondiso samandla kagesi u-F BC siye kwesobunxele kude nephuzu C.

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamashaji kumaphuzu B no-A:

F BA = k (q B )(q A ) / r BA 2

I-F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )(2 x 10 -6 ) / (2 x 10 -1 ) 2

I-F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(4 x 10 -12 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

I-F BA = (36 x 10 -3 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

I-F BA = 9 x 10 -1

F BA = 0.9 Newton

Amashaji kagesi kumaphuzu B no-A ayakhayo ukuze isiqondiso samandla kagesi i-F BA sibe phansi, kude nephuzu A.

Umphumela wamandla kagesi:

Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 11

7. Amashaja amathathu Q 1 , Q 2 , kanye no-Q 3 njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Ubude be-AB = ubude be-BC = 30 cm. Okwaziwayo: k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 kanye no-1 µ = 10 -6 bese kuba umphumela wamandla kagesi ashajayo Q 1.

Kwaziwa:

Shaja endaweni A (q)A) = 3 µC = 3 x 10-6 I-Coulomb Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 12

Ukushaja endaweni B (q B ) = -10 µC = -10 x 10 -6 Ama-Coulomb

Shaja endaweni C (q C ) = 4 µC = 4 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Ibanga elisuka ku-B liye ku-C (r BC ) = 30 cm = 0.3 amamitha = 3 x 10 -1 amamitha

Ibanga elisuka ku-B liye ku-C (r BA ) = 30 cm = 0.3 amamitha = 3 x 10 -1 imitha s

k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Okufunwayo: Umphumela wamandla kagesi endaweni B

Isixazululo:

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamashaji kumaphuzu B no-C:

F BC = k (q B )(q C ) / r BC 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(10 x 10 -6 )(4 x 10 -6 ) / (3 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(40 x 10 -12 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BC = (360 x 10 -3 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BC = 40 x 10 -1

F BC = 4 Newton

Ishaja kagesi ephuzwini B ayilungile kanti ishaja kagesi ephuzwini C iyilungile, ukuze isiqondiso samandla kagesi u-F BC siye kwesokudla, siye ephuzwini u-C.

Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamashaji kumaphuzu B no-A:

F BA = k (q B )(q A ) / r BA 2

I-F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(10 x 10 -6 )(3 x 10 -6 ) / (3 x 10 -1 ) 2

I-F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(30 x 10 -12 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

I-F BA = (270 x 10 -3 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

I-F BA = 30 x 10 -1

F BA = 3 Newton

Ishaja kagesi ephuzwini B ayilungile kanti ishaja kagesi ephuzwini A iyilungile, ukuze isiqondiso samandla kagesi i-F BA sikhuphuke siye ephuzwini A.

Umphumela wamandla kagesi:

Amandla kagesi - izinkinga nezixazululo 13

  1. Iyini amandla kagesi? Impendulo: Amandla kagesi angamandla ayisisekelo avela phakathi kwezinto ngenxa yokushaja kwazo kagesi. Angaba akhangayo (phakathi kwamacala aphikisanayo) noma acasulayo (phakathi kwamacala afanayo).
  2. Ubukhulu bamandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala amabili bunqunywa kanjani? Impendulo: Ubukhulu bamandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala amabili abekwe ngumthetho kaCoulomb. Bulingana ngqo nomkhiqizo wobukhulu bamacala futhi bulingana ngokuphambene nesikwele sebanga eliphakathi kwawo. , lapho kuyinto engaguquki kaCoulomb.
  3. Kwenzekani kumandla kagesi uma ibanga eliphakathi kokushaja okubili liphindwe kabili? Impendulo: Uma ibanga eliphakathi kwamacala amabili liphindwe kabili, amandla kagesi aba yingxenye yesine yenani lawo lokuqala, ngoba amandla ayahlukahluka ngokuphambene nesikwele sebanga.
  4. Amandla kagesi aqhathaniswa kanjani namandla adonsela phansi? Impendulo: Amandla kagesi angaba amahle futhi anyanyekayo, kuyilapho amandla adonsela phansi ekhanga kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezintweni ezivamile kanye namabanga, amandla kagesi ngokuvamile anamandla kakhulu kunamandla adonsela phansi, njengoba amandla adonsela phansi ebuthaka ngezigaba eziningi zobukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namandla kagesi.
  5. Iyini isimiso se-superposition maqondana namandla kagesi? Impendulo: Isimiso se-superposition sithi amandla kagesi aphelele eshajweni ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwamanye amacala yisamba se-vector samandla asetshenziswa yishaja ngayinye ethathwe ngokwehlukana.
  6. Kungani singazizwa amandla kagesi ezintweni zansuku zonke yize zenziwe ngezinhlayiya ezishajiwe? ImpenduloIzinto zansuku zonke ngokuvamile azinawo ugesi, okusho ukuthi zinenani elilinganayo lamacala amahle nangalungile. Amandla aphakathi kwalawa macala ayalingana, ngakho amandla kagesi aphelele ayi-zero.
  7. Ukufakwa phansi kuthinta kanjani amandla kagesi entweni eshajelwe? Impendulo: Ukubeka phansi into eshajiwe kuvumela ukushaja ukuthi kugeleze phakathi kwento noMhlaba kuze kube yilapho into ingasebenzi kahle, okususa ngempumelelo amandla kagesi aphelele ento ngenxa yokushaja kwayo kokuqala.
  8. Ingabe amandla kagesi angasebenza endaweni engenalutho? Impendulo: Yebo, amandla kagesi angasebenza endaweni engenalutho. Akudingi medium ukuze kusabalale. Lokhu kubonakala endleleni amasimu kagesi angaba khona futhi athonye ngayo izinhlayiya ezishajekile emkhathini.
  9. Iyiphi indima edlalwa yi-electric constant (noma imvume yesikhala esikhululekile) ekunqumeni amandla kagesi? Impendulo: I-electric constant, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-permittivity yesikhala esikhululekile, ithinta amandla kagesi phakathi kwamashaji. I-permittivity ephezulu ingasho amandla kagesi abuthakathaka, futhi okuphambene nalokho. I-Coulomb's constant, , kuhlobene naleli nani njenge .

  10. Uma amashaja amabili ehamba ngokuhambisana, ingabe amandla aphakathi kwawo ayashintsha? Impendulo : Uma amashaja amabili ehamba ngokuhambisana, angakhiqiza amasimu kazibuthe ngaphezu kwamasimu kagesi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamabhaja ahambayo ngeke nje kube ngenxa yamandla kagesi kodwa futhi namandla kazibuthe. Ukusebenzisana okuhlangene kuchazwa ngamandla kazibuthe. Ngakho-ke, yize amandla kagesi ngenxa yamabhaja engashintshi ngoba nje ehamba, amandla aphelele angase ashintshe ngenxa yemiphumela kazibuthe.

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