Amandla ezinhlayiya - izinkinga nezixazululo

Amandla ezinhlayiya - izinkinga nezixazululo

1. Into A enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-6 kanye nento B enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-4 exhunywe ngentambo futhi idonswe ngamandla angama-F = 60 N, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. I-coefficient yokungqubuzana kwe-kinetic phakathi kwephansi nezinto zombili ingu-0.5 (tan θ = ¾). Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-10 m/s ² . Ubukhulu bamandla okucindezela buyini?

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sento A (m_A) = 6 kg

Isisindo sento B (m _B ) = 4 kg

Amandla (F) = 60 Newton

I-coefficient yokungqubuzana kwe-kinetic phakathi kwento kanye nephansi (μ _k ) = 0.5

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s²

I-Tan θ = 3/4

Kufunwa: Amandla okucindezela (T)

Isixazululo:

Ingxenye evundlile yamandla F:

F _x = F cos θ

F _x = (60)(4/5) = (4)(12) = 48 N

Ingxenye eqondile yamandla F:

F _y = F sin θ

F _y = (60)(3/5) = (3)(12) = 36 N

Amandla avamile entweni A:

N _A = w _A = m _A g = (6)(10) = 60 N

Amandla avamile entweni B:

N _B + F _y – w _B = 0

N _B + F _y = w _B

N _B = w _B – F _y = m _B g – F _y = (4)(10) – 36 = 40 – 36 = 4 N

Amandla okungqubuzana kwe-kinetic phakathi kwento A kanye nephansi:

f _kA = μ _k N _A = (0.5)(60) = 30 N

Amandla okungqubuzana kwe-kinetic phakathi kwento B kanye nephansi:

f _kB = μ _k N _B = (0.5)(4) = 2 N

Bala ukusheshisa kwezinto zombili:

ΣF = ma

F _x – T + T – f _kB – f _kA = (m _A + m _B ) a

F _x – f _kB – f _kA = (m _A + m _B ) a

48 – 2 – 30 = (6 + 4) a

16 = 10 a

a = 16/10

a = 1.6 m/s ²

Bala amandla okucindezela:

Into A:

ΣF = ma

T _A – f _kA = m _A a

I-T _A – 30 = (6)(1.6)

I-T _A – 30 = 9.6

I-T _A = 9.6 + 30 = 39.6 N

Into B:

ΣF = ma

F _x – f _kB – T _B = m _B a

48 – 2 – T _B = (4)(1.6)

46 – T _B = 6.4

46 – 6.4 = T _B

I-T _B = 39.6 N

2. Uma i-coefficient of kinetic friction phakathi kwamabhulokhi womabili kanye nephansi ingu-0.2, kuyini ukusheshisa kwezinto zombili? (cos 37 ^o = 0,8, sin 37 ^o = 0,6)

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sento A (m_A) = 4 kg

Isisindo sento B (m _B ) = 2 kg

Amandla (F) = 30 Newton

I-coefficient yokungqubuzana kwe-kinetic phakathi kwento kanye nephansi (μ _k ) = 0.2

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s²

cos 37 ^o = 0.8

isono 37 ^o = 0.6

Okufunwayo: Ukusheshisa kwezinto zombili

Isixazululo:

Ingxenye evundlile yamandla F:

F _x = F cos θ

F _x = (30)(0.8) = 24 N

Ingxenye eqondile yamandla F:

F _y = F sin θ

F _y = (30)(0.6) = 18 N

Amandla avamile entweni A:

N _A = w _A = m _A g = (4)(10) = 40 N

Amandla avamile entweni B:

N _B + F _y – w _B = 0

N _B + F _y = w _B

N _B = w _B – F _y = m _B g – F _y = (2)(10) – 18 = 20 – 18 = 2 N

Amandla okungqubuzana kwe-kinetic phakathi kwento A kanye nephansi:

f _kA = μ _k N _A = (0.2)(40) = 8 N

Amandla okungqubuzana kwe-kinetic phakathi kwento B kanye nephansi:

f _kB = μ _k N _B = (0.2)(2) = 0.4 N

Ukusheshisa kwezinto zombili:

ΣF = ma

F _x – f _kB – f _kA = (m _A + m _B ) a

24 – 0.4 – 8 = (4 + 2) a

15.6 = 6 a

a = 15.6/6

a = 2.6 m/s ²

3. Izinto ezimbili ezixhunywe ngentambo phezu kwe-pulley njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Isisindo sento A = m _A , isisindo f into B = m _B kanye nokusheshisa kwebhulokhi B kungu-a. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-g. Iyini amandla okucindezela kubhulokhi B.

Isixazululo:

Ubuso obuvundlile bubushelelezi ngakho akukho ukungqubuzana. Amandla kuphela asheshisa uhlelo isisindo sebhulokhi B.

Ukusheshisa kwesistimu:

Amandla okucindezela (T):

Faka u-m _A esikhundleni se-equation 1 no-m _A esikhundleni se-equation 2.

1. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-statics kanye ne-dynamics kumongo wezinhlayiya?
   • Impendulo: I-Statics ibhekene nokutadisha amandla ezinhlayiyeni ngokulingana, lapho wonke amandla elinganisiwe, futhi kungekho ukusheshisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Dynamics ifunda amandla kanye nokunyakaza okubangelwa yizinhlayiyeni lapho amandla engalingani, okubangela ukusheshisa.
2. UMthetho Wesibili KaNewton usebenza kanjani ekuhambeni kwenhlayiya?
   • Impendulo: Umthetho Wesibili kaNewton uthi amandla asebenza ku-particle alingana nobunzima be-particle obuphindaphinda ukusheshisa kwayo: $F=ma$Lo mthetho uchaza indlela amandla azothinta ngayo ukunyakaza kwenhlayiya, kuye ngobuningi bayo kanye nokusheshisa okukhiqizwa yiyo.
3. Iyini isimiso sokulondolozwa komfutho oqondile, futhi sisebenza kanjani ezinhlayiyeni?
   • Impendulo: Isimiso sokulondolozwa komfutho oqondile sithi umfutho oqondile wesistimu evaliwe yezinhlayiya uhlala ungaguquki uma kungekho mandla angaphandle asebenzayo ohlelweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umfutho ophelele ngaphambi nangemva kokuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlayiya ngaphakathi ohlelweni uzoba okufanayo.
4. Umqondo womsebenzi owenziwa ku-particle uhlobene kanjani namandla asetshenziswayo kanye nokufuduka kwe-particle?
   • Impendulo: Umsebenzi owenziwa ku-particle uwumphumela wamandla asetshenziswa ku-particle, ukufuduka kwe-particle, kanye ne-cosine ye-angle phakathi kwamandla kanye nama-displacement vectors: $W=Fd\cos \theta$.
5. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamandla e-kinetic kanye namandla angase abe khona kumongo we-particle?
   • Impendulo: Amandla e-kinetic amandla enhlayiya ngenxa yokunyakaza kwayo futhi anikezwa yi-1/2 ​mv², lapho $m$ yisisindo futhi $v$ yijubane. Amandla angase abe khona amandla agcinwe ku-particle ngenxa yesikhundla sawo ensimini yamandla (njengezinkundla zamandla adonsela phansi noma kagesi). Ukuvezwa okuqondile kwamandla angase abe khona kuncike emandleni asebenza ku-particle.
6. I-pulse ku-particle ihlobene kanjani noshintsho ku-momentum yayo?
   • Impendulo: Umfutho ku-particle uwumkhiqizo wamandla asetshenziswa ku-particle kanye nesikhathi lapho amandla asetshenziswa khona. Ulingana noshintsho emgudwini we-particle: $I=F\Delta t=\Delta p$.
7. Kusho ukuthini “inhlayiya ekhululekile,” futhi iziphatha kanjani?
   • Impendulo: Inhlayiya ekhululekile yileyo engalawulwa yinoma yimaphi amandla. Ngokusho koMthetho Wokuqala kaNewton, inhlayiya ekhululekile izohlala iphumule uma iphumule ekuqaleni noma ihambe ngesivinini esingaguquki uma ishukuma ekuqaleni.
8. Iyiphi indima edlalwa ukungqubuzana ekushintsheni kwezinhlayiya?
   • Impendulo: Ukungqubuzana kungamandla aphikisana nokunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwezindawo ezithintanayo. Ngokwesimo sokuguquguquka kwezinhlayiya, ukungqubuzana kunganciphisa noma kumise ukunyakaza kwezinhlayiya, kuye ngokuthi isiqondiso kanye nobukhulu bamandla okungqubuzana kukuphi.
9. Indlela inhlayiya elandelana ngayo ithonywa kanjani amandla aphakathi?
   • Impendulo: Amandla aphakathi yilawo asebenza emgqeni oxhumanisa inhlayiya nephuzu eliqondile, elibizwa ngokuthi isikhungo. Amandla anjalo avamile ekusebenzelaneni kwamandla adonsela phansi kanye nogesi futhi azobangela ukuthi inhlayiya ihambe endleleni egcina umfutho othize we-angular eduze kwesikhungo, okuvame ukuholela emijikelezweni ye-elliptical noma eyindilinga.
10. Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwamandla angaphandle asebenzayo ohlelweni lwezinhlayiya kanye nesilinganiso sokushintsha komfutho ophelele wesistimu?

• Impendulo: Ngokusho koMthetho Wesibili kaNewton osetshenziswa ohlelweni lwezinhlayiya, amandla angaphandle asebenzayo ohlelweni alingana nesilinganiso sokushintsha komfutho ophelele wesistimu: Fext​=dP/dt​, lapho $\mathbf{P}$ umfutho oqondile ophelele.