Amandla okunyakaza okujikelezayo - izinkinga nezixazululo

1. I-pulley enesikhathi sokungangeni I = 2/5 MR ² inesisindo esingu-2-kg. Uma isikhathi samandla ku-pulley singu-4 Nm, kusho ukuthini ukusheshisa okuqondile kwe-pulley. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-g = 10 ms ^-2.

Kuyaziwa : Ukuguquguquka kokunyakaza okujikelezayo - izinkinga nezixazululo 1

Isikhathi sokungaqhubeki kwe-pulley (I) = 2/5 MR ²

Isisindo se -pulley (M) = 2 kg

Isikhathi samandla (τ) = 4 Nm

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Irediyasi ye-pulley (R) = 20 cm = 0.2 m

Okufunwayo: Ukusheshisa okuqondile (a)

Isixazululo:

Isikhathi sokungabi namandla kwe-pulley (I):

I = 2/5 MR ² = 2/5 (2)(0.2) ² = 2/5 (2)(0.04) = 2/5 (0.08) = 0.16 / 5 = 0.032 kg m ²

Ukusheshisa kwe -angular (α):

τ = ngi α

α = τ/I = 4 / 0.032 = 125 rad.s ^-2

Ukusheshisa okuqondile (a):

a = R α = (0.2)(125) = 25 ms ^-2

Ukusheshisa okuqondile komphetho we-pulley kungu-25 ms ^-2.

2. Ukusheshisa kwe-pulley kungu-2 ms ^-2 . Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-g = 10 ms ^-2 . Iyini isikhathi sokungahlali kahle kwe-pulley.

Kwaziwa:

Ukusheshisa okuqondile komphetho we-pulley (a) = 2 ms^-2

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Irediyasi ye-pulley (R) = 10 cm = 0.1 m

Isisindo sento (w) = mg = (4)(10) = 40 N

Okufunwayo: Isikhathi sokungakhathali kwe-pulley

Isixazululo:

Isikhathi samandla (τ):

τ = FR = w R = (40)(0.1) = 4 Nm

Ukusheshisa kwe-angular kwe-pulley (α):

a = R α

α = a/R = 2 / 0.1 = 20 rad.s ^-2

Isikhathi sokungabi namandla kwe-pulley (I):

τ = ngi α

I = τ/α = 4/20 = 0.2 kg m ²

3. I-pulley isheshiswe ku-1 ms ^-2 . Uma i-radius ye-pulley ingu-10 cm, yisiphi isikhathi sokungaqhubeki kwe-pulley.

Kwaziwa:

Ukusheshisa okuqondile komphetho we-pulley (a) = 1 ms^-2

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Irediyasi ye-pulley (R) = 10 cm = 0.1 m

Amandla (F) = 4 N

Okufunwayo: Isikhathi sokungakhathali kwe-pulley

Isixazululo:

Isikhathi samandla (τ):

τ = FR = (4)(0.1) = 0.4 Nm

Ukusheshisa kwe-angular kwe-pulley (α) :

a = R α

α = a/R = 1 / 0.1 = 10 rad.s ^-2

Isikhathi sokungabi namandla kwe-pulley (I):

τ = ngi α

I = τ/α = 0.4 / 10 = 0.04 kg m ²

Iyini i-circulational mass in linear motion elingana nesisindo?
- Impendulo: Ukulingana kokujikeleza kwesisindo ekuhambeni okuqondile yi-moment of inertia, evame ukukhonjiswa njenge $I$ .
I-torque ihlobene kanjani nokunyakaza kokujikeleza, futhi iqhathaniswa kanjani namandla okunyakaza okuqondile?
- Impendulo: I-torque ilingana namandla ajikelezayo. Ngenkathi amandla ebanga ukusheshisa okuqondile ezintweni, i-torque ibanga ukusheshisa okuqondile emizimbeni ejikelezayo. I-torque ibalwa njengomkhiqizo wamandla asetshenziswayo kanye nebanga eliqondile ukusuka ku-axis yokujikeleza kuze kube yilapho amandla esetshenziswa khona.
Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kokusheshisa kwe-angular, i-torque, kanye nomzuzu we-inertia?
- Impendulo: Ubuhlobo bunikezwa ngumthetho wesibili kaNewton wokujikeleza: $τ = I α$ , lapho $τ$ i-torque, $I$ yisikhathi sokungakhathali, futhi $α$ ukusheshisa kwe-angular.
Uma umzuzu we-inertia wento ejikelezayo ukhula kuyilapho i-torque yangaphandle ihlala ingaguquki, kwenzekani ngokusheshisa kwe-angular?
- Impendulo: Uma isikhathi sokungaqhubeki kahle sikhula futhi i-torque yangaphandle ihlala ingaguquki, ukusheshisa kwe-angular kuzoncipha.
Imiqondo yomfutho oqondile kanye nomfutho ojikelezayo ifana kanjani ngokunyakaza okuqondile kanye nokujikeleza?
- Impendulo: Umfutho oqondile (onikezwe ngu $p = m v$ , lapho $m$ isisindo futhi $v$ ijubane) liwumkhiqizo wejubane elikhulu neliqondile, kanti ijubane eliyi-angular (elinikezwe yi $L = I ω$ , lapho $I$ yisikhathi sokungakhathali kanye $ω$ yijubane le-angular) umkhiqizo womzuzu we-inertia kanye nejubane le-angular.
Kusho ukuthini ukulondolozwa komfutho we-angular?
- Impendulo: Ukulondolozwa komfutho we-angular kuthi uma kungekho mandla angaphandle, umfutho we-angular ophelele wesistimu evaliwe uhlala ungaguquki.
Kungani abaskeyitha be-figure skaters bejikeleza ngokushesha uma befaka izingalo zabo ngesikhathi sokujikeleza?
- Impendulo: Uma abaskeyitha befaka izingalo zabo, banciphisa umzuzu wabo wokungagxili. Ngenxa yokulondolozwa komfutho we-angular, lapho umzuzu wokungagxili wehla, ijubane le-angular (noma izinga lokujikeleza) kumele likhuphuke ukuze kugcinwe umfutho we-angular ungaguquguquki.
Amandla e-kinetic ajikelezayo ento aqhathaniswa kanjani namandla ayo e-kinetic aqondile?
- Impendulo: Amandla e-kinetic ajikelezayo (anikezwe yi-1/2 $I ω^{2}$ ) ifana namandla e-kinetic aqondile (anikezwe yi-1/2 $m v^{2}$ ). Eyokuqala ihlotshaniswa nokujikeleza kwento, kanti eyesibili ihlotshaniswa nokunyakaza kwayo okuqondile.
Ingabe into ingaba namandla e-kinetic ajikelezayo kanye nalayini ngesikhathi esisodwa?
- Impendulo: Yebo, into ingaba namandla e-kinetic ajikelezayo kanye naqondile. Isibonelo, isondo eligoqayo linamandla e-kinetic ajikelezayo ngenxa yokujikeleza kwalo kanye namandla e-kinetic aqondile ngenxa yokunyakaza kwalo phambili.
Uma i-radius yesondo elijikelezayo iphinda kabili ngenkathi igcina ijubane layo eliyi-angular lingaguquki, umzuzu walo we-inertia ushintsha kanjani?

Impendulo: Isikhathi sokungahlali kahle kwediski eqinile sinikezwa yi-1/2 $m r^{2}$ , lapho $m$ yisisindo futhi $r$ yirediyasi. Uma irediyasi iphinda kabili futhi isisindo sihlala singaguquguquki, isikhathi sokungaguquki sizokhula ngesilinganiso sesine.