Ukushayisana nokulondolozwa kwamandla emishini - ama-probe nezixazululo

Ukushayisana nokulondolozwa kwamandla emishini - ama-probe nezixazululo

1. Izinto ezimbili zinesisindo esifanayo , m ₁ = m ₂ = 0.5 kg eziwile zisuka ekuphakameni okufanayo njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Irediyasi yendilinga ingu-1/5 m. Ukushayisana phakathi kwezinto zombili kunwebeka ngokuphelele. Thola ijubane lento ngayinye ngemva kokushayisana. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-10 m/s ².

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sento (m) = m₁ = m₂ = 0.5kg

Ukuphakama kokuqala (h ₁ ) = 1/5 m

Ukuphakama kokugcina (h ₂ ) = 0 ( isisekelo sendlela )

Isivinini sokuqala sento (v ₁ ) = 0 ( into ekuqaleni iphumule )

Isivinini sokugcina sento (v ₂ ) = …. ( isivinini sento esisezansi kwendlela = isivinini sento ngaphambi kokushayisana )

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s

Okufunwayo: Isivinini sento ngayinye ngemva kokushayisana

Isixazululo:

Isivinini sezinto ngaphambi kokushayisana

Isivinini sento ngaphambi kokushayisana = isivinini sento lapho ufika phansi kwendlela = isivinini sokugcina sento.

Amandla okuqala omshini = amandla okugcina omshini

Amandla adonsela phansi + amandla e-kinetic = amandla adonsela phansi + amandla e-kinetic

mgh ₁ + 1/2 mv ₁ ² = mgh ₂ + 1/2 mv ₂ ²

mgh ₁ + 0 = 0 + 1/2 mv ₂ ²

i-mgh ₁ = 1/2 mv ₂ ²

gh ₁ = 1/2 v ₂ ²

2 gh ₁ = v ₂ ²

2(10)(1/5) = v ₂ ²

2(2) = v ₂ ²

4 = v ₂ ²

v ₂ = √4

v ₂ = 2 m/s

Isivinini sento ngayinye ngaphambi kokushayisana singama- 2 m//s.

Isivinini sezinto ngemva kokushayisana

Uma zombili izinto zinesisindo esifanayo futhi zihamba ngezindlela eziphambene, khona-ke lapho zishayisana, zombili izinto zishintsha ijubane lazo. Isibonelo, uma ngaphambi kokushayisana kwento u-A kuhamba ku-2 m/s kanti into u-B uhamba ku--4 m/s, ngemva kokushayisana kwento u-A kuhamba ku-4 m/s kanti into u-B uhamba ku--2 m/s. Izimpawu zokususa nokuhlanganisa zibonisa ukuthi zombili izinto zinesiqondiso esihlukile.

2. Isisindo sento A singama-2 kg kanti isisindo sento B singama-3 kg ehlisiwe ukusuka ekuphakameni njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Zombili izinto zishayisana endaweni C. Ukushayisana kunwebeka ngokuphelele. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-10 m/s ² . Nquma isivinini sento A kanye nesivinini sento B ngemva kokushayisana.

Kwaziwa:

Isisindo sento A (m₁) = 2 kg

Isisindo sento B (m2 ₎ = 3 kg

Ukuphakama kokuqala (h ₁ ) = amamitha angu-5

Ukuphakama kokugcina (h ₂ ) = 0 ( isisekelo sendlela )

Isivinini sokuqala sento (v ₁ ) = 0 ( into yokuqala iphumule )

Isivinini sokugcina sento (v ₂ ) = …. ( isivinini esisezansi kwendlela = isivinini ngaphambi kokushayisana )

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s

Okufunwayo: Isivinini sento ngayinye ngemva kokushayisana

Isixazululo:

Isivinini sezinto ngaphambi kokushayisana

Isivinini sento ngaphambi kokushayisana = isivinini sento phansi kwendlela

Amandla okuqala omshini = amandla okugcina omshini

Amandla adonsela phansi = amandla e-kinetic

i-mgh ₁ = 1/2 mv ₂ ²

gh ₁ = 1/2 v ₂ ²

2 gh ₁ = v ₂ ²

2(10)(5) = v ₂ ²

100 = v ₂ ²

v ₂ = √100

v ₂ = 10 m/s

Isivinini sento ngayinye ngaphambi kokushayisana = 10 m/s.

Isivinini sezinto ngemva kokushayisana

Zombili izinto zinesisindo esihlukile futhi zihamba ngezindlela ezahlukene ngakho ijubane lento ngayinye ngemva kokushayisana libalwa kusetshenziswa lesi sibalo.

Isivinini sento ngayinye ngemva nje kokushayisana:

1. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokushayisana kwe-elastic kanye ne-inelastic?
   • Impendulo: Ekungqubuzaneni okunwebekayo, kokubili amandla e-kinetic kanye ne-momentum kuyalondolozwa. Ekungqubuzaneni okunwebekayo, i-momentum iyalondolozwa, kodwa amandla e-kinetic awalondolozwa. Ekungqubuzaneni okunwebekayo ngokuphelele, izinto ziyanamathelana ngemva kokungqubuzana.
2. I-momentum ilondolozwa kanjani lapho kushayisana, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyanwebeka noma ayinwebekanga?
   • Impendulo: Umfutho ugcinwa lapho kushayisana ngenxa yomthetho wesithathu kaNewton, othi kuzo zonke izenzo, kukhona ukusabela okulinganayo nokuphambene. Umfutho ophelele wesistimu ngaphambi kokushayisana ulingana nomfutho ophelele ngemva kokushayisana.
3. Kungani amandla e-kinetic engagcinwa njalo lapho kushayisana?
   • Impendulo: Amandla e-kinetic awalondolozwa ekushayisaneni okungaguquki ngoba amanye amandla okuqala e-kinetic aguqulwa abe ezinye izinhlobo zamandla, njengomsindo, ukushisa, noma ukuguquka kwezinto.
4. Ingabe amandla aphelele omshini wesistimu angashintsha ngesikhathi sokushayisana? Uma kunjalo, kanjani?
   • Impendulo: Yebo, amandla aphelele omshini angashintsha ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana kwe-inelastic. Nakuba amandla aphelele omshini (kinetic plus potential) alondolozwa ohlelweni oluhlukanisiwe, ekungqubuzaneni kwe-inelastic, amanye amandla e-kinetic angaguqulwa abe yizinhlobo ezingezona ezemishini njengokushisa noma umsindo.
5. Umuntu anganquma kanjani ukuthi ukushayisana kuyanwebeka noma akunwebeka ngokubuka izinto ngaphambi nangemva kokushayisana?
   • Impendulo: Uma izinto zigxuma zodwa futhi amandla e-kinetic aphelele ngaphambi kokushayisana elingana namandla e-kinetic aphelele ngemva kokushayisana, kuba ukushayisana okunwebekayo. Uma izinto zinamathelana noma amandla e-kinetic aphelele ehla, kuba ukushayisana okunwebekayo.
6. Iyini indima ye-coefficient of restitution ekuhlaziyeni ukushayisana?
   • Impendulo: I-coefficient yokubuyisela (ngokuvamile ekhonjiswa yi- $e$) iyisilinganiso sokuthi ukushayisana “kugxumagxuma” kangakanani. Kuchazwa njengesivinini sokuhlukaniswa esihlukaniswe ngesivinini sokusondela. Ukuze uthole ukushayisana okunwebeka ngokuphelele, $e=1$, futhi ngenxa yokushayisana okungapheli ngokuphelele, $e=0$.
7. Ukulondolozwa komfutho we-angular kusebenza kanjani ekushayweni?
   • Impendulo: Uma kwenzeka ingozi lapho kungekho torque yangaphandle esebenza ohlelweni, umfutho we-angular uyalondolozwa. Lokhu kungasebenza ezintweni ezijikelezayo nezingqubuzanayo noma ezimweni ezifana nabaskeyitha eqhweni abadonsa izingalo zabo ukuze bajikeleze ngokushesha.
8. Kungani ukungqubuzana kwangempela kungase kubonakale kungaguquki?
   • Impendulo: Ukushayisana kwangempela ngokuvamile kuhilela ukulahlekelwa amandla e-kinetic emsindweni, ekushiseni, noma ekuguqukeni. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwamandla kwenza ukushayisana okuningi kwangempela kube okunganwebeki ngezinga elithile.
9. Ekungqubuzaneni okunwebekayo okunobukhulu obufanayo phakathi kwezinto ezimbili ezinesisindo esifanayo, kwenzekani ngesivinini sazo ngemva kokungqubuzana?
   • Impendulo: Ekungqubuzaneni okunwebekayo okunobukhulu obufanayo phakathi kwezinto ezimbili ezinobunzima obulinganayo, ijubane lazo limane lishintshe ngemva kokungqubuzana. Into 1 iphela ngejubane lokuqala leNto 2, kanye nokuphikisana nalokho.
10. Ingabe izinto ezimbili zinganamathelana ndawonye lapho kushayisana okunwebekayo?

• Impendulo: Cha, uma izinto ezimbili zinamathelana, ukushayisana akuqini ngokuphelele. Ekushayisane okuqinisiwe, izinto kumele ziphinde zibuyele komunye nomunye, futhi amandla e-kinetic aphelele kumele alondolozwe.