Mehato ea ho Phekola Pneumonia Liphoofolong
Pneumonia ke ho ruruha ha matšoafo ho ka amang mefuta e fapaneng ea liphoofolo, ho tloha liphoofolong tse ruuoang (likhomo, lipōli, linku, likolobe) ho ea ho liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng (lintja, likatse, mebutlanyana), esita le likhoho. Lefu lena ha lea lokela ho nkoa habobebe hobane le ka fokotsa ts'ebetso, la thibela kholo, la baka mathata a tebileng, 'me la lebisa lefung haeba kalafo e lieha. Ho phekola pneumonia liphoofolong ho hloka khato e potlakileng, e nepahetseng, le e reretsoeng, ho kenyeletsoa le mehato ea thibelo ea ho thibela ho khutla kapa ho ata ho liphoofolo tse ling. Mehato e latelang ke ea ho phekola pneumonia liphoofolong e ka sebetsang e le tataiso e akaretsang, ka temoso ea hore tlhahlobo ea bongaka ba liphoofolo e ntse e le tšupiso ea mantlha.
1. Utloisisa Lisosa le Mabaka a Kotsi
Kalafo e atlehang e qala ka ho utloisisa lisosa tsa pneumonia. Lefapheng la bongaka ba liphoofolo, pneumonia e ka bakoa ke:
– Tšoaetso ea baktheria, mohlala, Pasteurella, Streptococcus, kapa Mycoplasma mefuteng e meng.
– Tšoaetso ea vaerase, eo hangata e fokolisang tsamaiso ea ho hema le ho bula tsela bakeng sa tšoaetso ea bobeli ea baktheria.
– Fungus (e sa atileng haholo), haholo-holo maemong a ho se sireletsehe ho matla.
– Ho hema, e leng ho kena ha metsi, lijo, kapa ho hlatsa ka har'a tsela ea ho hema, ho tloaelehile liphoofolong tse khangoang kapa ka mor'a ho fuoa lijo/metsi ka likhoka.
– Tikoloho e mpe, joalo ka dihoko tse mongobo, moya o fokolang, maemo a phahameng a ammonia, lerōle le liphetoho tse feteletseng tsa mocheso.
Mabaka a bohlokoa a kotsi a kenyelletsa khatello ea maikutlo (ho tsamaisoa ha liphoofolo, ho tlala haholo), khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng, khaello ea colostrum liphoofolong tse nyane, le mafu a mang a fokolisang sesole sa 'mele.
2. Lemoha Matšoao a Pele a Pneumonia
Ho lemoha kapele ho bohlokoa bakeng sa kalafo e atlehileng. Matšoao a pneumonia liphoofolong a ka fapana, empa matšoao a mang a tloaelehileng a kenyelletsa:
– Ho hema ka potlako kapa ho hemela holimo
– Khohlela (e omileng kapa e nang le phlegmy)
– Nko e phallang, ka linako tse ling e nang le mamina a teteaneng
- Melumo e sa tloaelehang ea moea (ho hema, grok-grok)
- Feberu
– Ho fokotseha ha takatso ea lijo, botsoa
– Ho theola boima ba 'mele
– Maemong a boima: marinini/leleme le boputsoa (letšoao la khaello ea oksijene)
Ho likhoho, matšoao a ka kenyelletsa ho korotla, ho thimola, ho ntša metsi nkong, mapheo a kobehileng le ho fokotseha ha tlhahiso.
Haeba matšoao ana a hlaha, haholo-holo a tsamaeang le feberu kapa bothata ba ho hema, mohato o latelang ke ho itšehla thajana le ho hlahlojoa hape.
3. Ho itšehla thajana le Tsamaiso ea Tikoloho
Kaha pneumonia e a tshwaetsana (haholo-holo ha e bakwa ke dintho tse tshwaetsanang), diphoofolo tse kulang di lokela ho arolwa hanghang sehlopheng. Ho ikarola ho thusa ho fokotsa kotsi ya phetiso mme ho dumella tlhokomelo e matla haholoanyane.
Ntle le ho itšehla thajana, ntlafatsa tikoloho ka ho:
– Eketsa moea o kenang ntle le ho phodisa phoofolo
- E fokotsa mongobo le ho koaleha ha metsi
– Hloekisa lesaka ho tloha lerōleng le litšila
– E fokotsa maemo a ammonia (haholo-holo likhoho le likolobe)
– Fana ka bethe e omileng le e hloekileng ea ho hlapela
– Qoba liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa mocheso
Bakeng sa liphoofolo tse nyane (lintja/likatse), etsa bonnete ba hore kamore e futhumetse, ha e tsube, ebile e na le khatello e tlase.
4. Tlhahlobo le Tlhahlobo ea Liphoofolo tsa Liphoofolo
Pneumonia e ke ke ea fumanoa kamehla ho latela matšoao feela. Lingaka tsa liphoofolo hangata li tla etsa liteko tse latelang:
– Tlhahlobo ea 'mele le ho mamela matšoafo (ho mamela matšoafo)
- Tekanyo ea mocheso le maemo a metsi
– Liteko tsa mali haeba ho hlokahala
– X-ray ea sefuba (e tloaelehileng lintjeng/likatseng)
– Tlhahlobo ea laboratori ea mucus/maro a tsoang ho eona ho fumana sesosa
– Ka hara mehlape: tlhahlobo ya mehlape, nalane ya dijo, maemo a bodulo, le mekgwa ya ho hlaha ha yona
Tlhahlobo e nepahetseng e bohlokoa ho fumana phekolo e nepahetseng, haholo-holo ha ho khethoa lithibela-mafu kapa tšehetso e 'ngoe.
5. Kalafo ea Meriana: Lithibela-mafu, Lithibela-ho ruruha, le Litšehetso
Kalafo ea pneumonia hangata e hloka motsoako oa meriana, empa khetho e lokela ho ipapisa le tlhahiso ea ngaka ea liphoofolo. Ka kakaretso:
a. Lithibela-mafu (haeba ho belaelloa hore libaktheria li teng)
Lithibela-mafu li sebelisoa ho bolaea libaktheria tse bakang kapa tse thibelang tšoaetso ea bobeli. Leha ho le joalo, tšebeliso ea lithibela-mafu e lokela ho ba hlokolosi ka lebaka la kotsi ea ho hanyetsa. Hangata lingaka li tla etsa qeto ea mofuta le nako ea phekolo ho latela mofuta, boima ba 'mele le boima ba eona.
b. Moriana o thibelang ho ruruha le o fokotsang feberu
Meriana e seng ea steroid e thibelang ho ruruha e ka thusa ho fokotsa ho ruruha ha matšoafo le ho fokotsa feberu, e leng se etsang hore phoofolo e phutholohe haholoanyane 'me e ikemisetse ho ja.
c. Li-bronchodilator kapa li-mucolytics (haeba ho hlokahala)
Maemong a mang, meriana e thusang ho atolosa tsela ea ho hema kapa mamina a masesaane e ka fanoa ho nolofatsa ho hema.
d. Kalafo ea metsi le ea electrolyte
Liphoofolo tse nang le pneumonia hangata li felloa ke metsi 'meleng ka lebaka la feberu le khaello ea metsi. Metsi (a nooang kapa a kenngoang ka methapo) a thusa ho hlaphoheloa.
Ntlha ea bohlokoa: liphoofolong, kamehla ela hloko nako ea ho tlohela lithethefatsi bakeng sa nama, lebese, kapa mahe ho netefatsa hore tšebeliso e bolokehile.
6. Tšehetso ea Phepo le Tlhokomelo ea Letsatsi le Letsatsi
Meriana e ke ke ea sebetsa hantle ntle le tšehetso le tlhokomelo ea phepo e nepahetseng. Mehato e ka nkuoang e kenyelletsa:
- Fana ka phepo ea boleng bo holimo le e silehang habonolo
– Fana ka metsi a hloekileng ka linako tsohle
– Fepa ka likarolo tse nyane empa khafetsa haeba takatso ea lijo e fokotseha
– Boloka liphoofolo li futhumetse ebile li omme
– Fokotsa mesebetsi e boima ho qoba ho mpefala ha ho hema ka thata.
Ho liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng, beng ba tsona ba ka thusa ka ho boloka linko tsa bona li hloekile, ho beha leihlo mekhoa ea ho hema, le ho latela kemiso ea meriana ka hloko.
7. Tlhokomelo ea Lintlafatso le Matšoao a Kotsi
Tlhokomelo ea letsatsi le letsatsi e bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore phekolo e tsamaea hantle. Ela hloko:
– Sekhahla sa ho hema (na sea ntlafala kapa sea potlaka)
– Mocheso oa 'mele (feberu ea fokotseha kapa ea tsoela pele)
– Takatso ea lijo le lino
– Khohlela le mamina (a fokotsehile kapa a mpefala)
– Boemo ba mosebetsi
Matšoao a kotsi a hlokang thuso ea hang-hang ea bongaka ba liphoofolo a kenyelletsa: phoofolo e haelloa ke ho hema haholo, ho akheha, ho hana ho ja ho hang, marenene a maputsoa, kapa feberu e phahameng e sa theoheng esita le ka mor'a kalafo.
8. Thibelo ea ho Khutlela Hape le ho Ata ha Eona
Hang ha phoofolo e fodile, mehato ea thibelo e hloka ho kenngoa tšebetsong ho thibela pneumonia hore e se ke ea hlaha hape:
– Meento ho latela dikgothaletso bakeng sa mefuta e itseng (mohlala, mafu a ho hema a dinonyana kapa dintja)
– Taolo e ntle ea lihoko: bohloeki, moea o kenang, le bongata bo loketseng
– Behella liphoofolo tse ncha ka thoko pele u kena sehlopheng
- Fokotsa khatello ea lipalangoang ka ho phomola le ho sebetsana hantle
– Netefatsa hore diphoofolo tse nyane di fumana colostrum e lekaneng (diphoofolong tse buminant)
- Lenaneo la phepo le leka-lekaneng ho boloka sesole sa 'mele se itšireletsa mafung
Thibelo ke letsete la bohlokoa hobane pneumonia e ka baka tahlehelo e kholo ea moruo mapolasing le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa kalafo bakeng sa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng.
9. Thuto le Tlaleho ea Nyeoe
Bakeng sa barui le beng ba liphoofolo, ho boloka direkoto habonolo ho ka thusa tlhahlobo, ho kenyeletsoa le hore na matšoao a hlaha neng, meriana e fanoang, karabelo ea phekolo le maemo a hona joale a bolulo. Ho rekota ho lumella lingaka tsa liphoofolo ho khetholla mekhoa le ho nts'etsapele maano a thibelo.
Thuto bakeng sa basebetsi ba lihekeng kapa litho tsa lelapa le eona e bohlokoa e le hore mahlakore ohle a utloisise mokhoa oa ho lemoha matšoao a pele, mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho itšehla thajana, le bohlokoa ba bohloeki le ts'ireletso ea likokoana-hloko.
Qetello
Mafu a tshwaetsanang le pneumonia diphoofolong ke boemo bo tebileng bo hlokang kalafo e potlakileng le e felletseng. Mehato ya bohlokwa e kenyeletsa ho lemoha matshwao esale pele, ho arola diphoofolo tse kulang, ntlafatso ya tikoloho, tlhahlobo ya diphoofolo bakeng sa tlhahlobo, kalafo e nepahetseng, tshehetso ya phepo e nepahetseng, le tlhokomelo e matla. Kamora ho fola, thibelo ka taolo e tsitsitseng, ente, ho arola batho ka thoko, le ho matlafatsa sesole sa mmele ke tsa bohlokwa ho thibeleng lefu lena ho kgutla kapa ho ata. Ka mokgwa o nepahetseng, menyetla ya ho fola e a eketseha mme tshusumetso ya tahlehelo e ka fokotswa.
Haeba o rata, nka fetola sengoloa sena ka ho khetheha ho ea ka mofuta o itseng oa phoofolo (mohlala, likhomo, lipōli, likhoho, lintja, kapa likatse) 'me ka eketsa mehlala e qaqileng ea mekhoa ea tlhokomelo ea letsatsi le letsatsi.
