Kufamba kwakamira - matambudziko nemhinduro
1. Bhora A rinokanda kumusoro rakamira nekumhanya kwe10 m/s. Sekondi imwe chete gare gare, kubva panzvimbo imwe chete, Bhora B rinokanda kumusoro nenzira imwe chete, nekumhanya kwe25 m/s. Bhora B rinoreba sei kana rikasangana nebhora A?
Solution:
Mukugadzirisa dambudziko rekufamba kwakamira , huwandu hwevector hunonanga kumusoro hunopihwa chiratidzo chakanaka, huwandu hwevector hunonanga pasi hunopihwa chiratidzo chekusatevera.
Zvinozivikanwa:
Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) kwebhora A = 10 m/s
Nguva yenguva (t) yebhora A = x
Kumhanya kwekutanga (v o ) kwebhora B = 25 m/s
Nguva yenguva (t) yebhora B = x – 1
Kukurumidza kunokonzerwa negiravhiti (g) = -10 m/s 2 (yakapihwa chiratidzo chekusiya nekuti gwara regiravhiti riri pasi)
Zvinodiwa: Kureba kwebhora B kana rasangana nebhora A (h)
h A = h B
vhoti + ½ gt 2 = vhoti + ½ gt 2
10x + ½ (-10) x 2 = 25 (x-1) + ½ (-10) (x-1) 2
10x – 5x 2 = 25 (x-1) – 5 (x-1) 2
10x – 5x 2 = 25x – 25 – 5 (x 2 -2x+1)
10x – 5x 2 = 25x – 25 – 5x 2 + 10x – 5
10x – 5x 2 – 25x + 25 + 5x 2 – 10x + 5 = 0
– 5x 2 + 5x 2 + 10x – 25x – 10x + 25 + 5 = 0
10x – 25x – 10x + 25 + 5 = 0
– 25x + 25 + 5 = 0
- 25x + 30 = 0
– 25x = – 30
x = -30/-25
x = 1.2 masekonzi
Bhora A riri mumhepo risati rasangana nebhora B = 1.2 seconds
Nguva bhora B riri mumhepo risati rasangana nebhora A = 1.2 seconds - 1 seconds = 0.2 seconds.
Kureba kwebhora A kana rasangana nebhora B:
h = vot + ½ gt 2 = (10)(1.2) + 1/2 (-10)(1.2) 2 = 12 – 5(1.44) = 12 – 7.2 = 4.8 mamita s
Kureba kwebhora B kana rasangana nebhora A:
h = vot + ½ gt 2 = (25)(0.2) + 1/2 (-10)(0.2) 2 = 5 – 5(0.04) = 5 – 0.2 = 4.8 mamita s
1. Mubvunzo: Chii chinorehwa nekufamba wakamira?
Mhinduro: Kufamba kwakatwasuka kunoreva kufamba kwechinhu chiri kumusoro kana pasi, kazhinji pasi pesimba regiravhiti.
2. Mubvunzo: Kukurumidza kukwira nekuda kwegiravhiti (g) kunokosha sei mukufamba kwakamira?
Mhinduro: Zvinhu zvese zviri pedyo nepasi zvinosangana nekumhanya kunogara kuripo, , uko kuri pasi peinenge 9.81 m/s².
3. Mubvunzo: Chinhu chinogona kuva nespeed yekutanga mukufamba kwakatwasuka here?
Mhinduro: Ehe, zvinhu zvinogona kuva nespeed yekutanga yekukwira kana kudzika kana kufamba kwadzo kwakamira kwatanga.
4. Mubvunzo: Chii chinoitika kumhanya kwechinhu chinodonha zvakasununguka?
Mhinduro: Kumhanya kwechinhu chinodonha zvakasununguka kunowedzera neinenge 9.81 m/s sekondi yega yega nekuda kwesimba repasi rinokwevera pasi.
5. Mubvunzo: Nguva yekukwira ine hukama hwakadii nenguva yekudzika kwechinhu chakakandwa chakamira?
Mhinduro: Kana chinhu chakakandwa mudenga chobva charegererwa kudonha, nguva yekukwira yakaenzana nenguva yekudzika.
6. Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi kumhanya kwechinhu pakukwirira kwacho kwakanyanya?
Mhinduro: Pakukwirira kwakanyanya, kumhanya kwechinhu kunosvika zero chisati chatanga kudzika.
8. Mubvunzo: Kusapinda kwemhepo kunokanganisa sei kufamba kwakamira?
Mhinduro: Kudzivirirwa kwemhepo kunopesana nekufamba, zvichideredza kukurumidza uye kumhanya kwekupedzisira kwezvinhu zvinodonha.
9. Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi terminal velocity?
Mhinduro: Kumhanya kwekupedzisira (terminal velocity) ndiko kumhanya kwepamusoro kunogara kuchisvikwa nechinhu chinodonha kana simba remhepo rakaenzana nesimba regiravhiti.
10. Mubvunzo: Chinhu chinogona here kuva nekumhanya kwepasi panguva yekufamba uchikwira?
Mhinduro: Ehe, kana chinhu chikakwira mudenga chinopesana negiravhiti, chine kukurumidza kusingafadzi kwakaenzana ne -g.
12. Mubvunzo: Sei kumhanyisa kuri negative kune zvinhu zvakakandwa mudenga?
Mhinduro: Nekuti kukurumidza nekuda kwegiravhiti kunoshanda pasi, zvinoonekwa sezvisina kunaka pazvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira yakasiyana.
14. Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi free fall?
Mhinduro: Kudonha kwakasununguka kufamba kwechinhu chiri pasi pesimba regiravhiti chete, pasina mamwe masimba anoshanda pachiri.
15. Mubvunzo: Kufamba kwechinhu kunosiyana sei kana chakandwa pasi kana chichienzaniswa nechakadonhedzwa?
Mhinduro: Zvose zvinowana kukurumidza nekuda kwesimba rinokwevera pasi. Zvisinei, chinhu chinokandwa pasi chine kumhanya kwekutanga kwakawedzerwa, zvichiita kuti chisvike pasi nekukurumidza kupfuura chinongodonhedzwa.
16. Mubvunzo: Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa kumhanya kwechinhu?
Mhinduro: Zvinhu zvinosanganisira huremu hwechinhu, chimiro, nzvimbo yacho, uye huremu hwechinhu chacho uye kusimba kwacho.
17. Mubvunzo: Chinhu chiri kufamba chakamira chine simba rekufamba uye rekugona here?
Mhinduro: Ehe, simba rekufamba kwechinhu rinowedzera parinodonha, nepo simba raro rinowedzera parinodonha, uye zvinopesana naro panguva yekukwira.
18. Mubvunzo: Sei kumhanya kwechinhu kuchichinja panguva yekufamba kwakamira?
Mhinduro: Simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi rinoita kuti chinhu chirambe chichimhanya, richichinja kumhanya kwechinhu kusvika chasvika pakumhanya kwekupedzisira kana kuchinja divi.
19. Mubvunzo: Kufamba kwakamira kunogona kutsanangurwa sekufamba kwakasimba zvakaenzana here?
Mhinduro: Ehe, kana pasina kudzivirira kwemhepo, kufamba kwakamira pasi pegiravhiti kunokurumidziswa zvakaenzana nekukurumidzisa kwe .
20. Mubvunzo: Mutemo wekuchengetedza simba unoshandiswa sei pakufamba kwakamira?
Mhinduro: Huwandu hwesimba rekinetic nerinogona kuenderera mberi hunoramba huripo panguva yekufamba kwemhepo, zvichireva kuti hapana kurasikirwa nesimba nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwemhepo.
Kunzwisisa kufamba kwakamira kwakakosha mumakanika ekare uye kune mashandisirwo anoshanda kubva pasainzi yemitambo kusvika kumitemo yeinjiniya nekuchengetedza.
