Wakambotamba mabubbles esipo here? Mabubbles esipo akatenderera. Anonakidza. Anogona kuputirwa. Mushure mekubhururuka, mabubbles esipo anoputika. Wow, zvinonakidza, mutambo wehudiki. Sei mabubbles esipo akatenderera?
Ndapota mukai mangwanani, mobva maona mashizha akakomberedza imba. Tarisai madonhwe edova akabatana nemashizha. Zvinoshamisa; madonhwe edova akatenderera. Zvingaitika sei zvakadaro?
Kuomarara kwemvura kunoitika nekuti pamusoro pemvura panowanzo sungana zvekuti pamusoro payo panoita seganda rakatetepa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekubatana kwesimba pakati pemamorekuru emvura. Kuti unzwisise tsananguro iyi zviri nani, funga nezvemufananidzo unotevera. Tinoongorora mvura iri mumudziyo.
Mukati memvura, molekyuru yega yega yemvura yakakomberedzwa nemamwe mamorekuru kumativi ese; asi pamusoro pemvura, pane mamorekuru emvura chete pasi. Pamusoro, hapana mamwe mamorekuru emvura. Nekuti molekyuru yemvura inokwezvana, pane simba rese re zero mumorekuru iri mukati memvura. Kusiyana neizvi, mamorekuru emvura ari pamusoro anodhonzwa nezvidimbu zvemvura zviri pasi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pamusoro pemvura, pane simba rese rinonangidzirwa pasi. Nekuda kwesimba rese remvura rinodzika, mvura iri pamusoro pemvura inowanzo kuderedza nzvimbo yayo yepamusoro, nekudzikira zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Izvi zvinoita kuti jira remvura riri pamusoro riite sekunge rakafukidzwa neganda rakatetepa re elastic. Chiitiko ichi chinozivikanwa seSurface Tension.
Kana clip yacho yaiswa zvakanaka pamusoro pemvura, mamorekuru emvura ari pamusoro anodzvanywa zvishoma nehukuru hwe clip yacho, kuitira kuti mamorekuru emvura ari pasi apa ape simba rekugadzirisa kuti atsigire clip yacho.
Muchokwadi, hazvisi zvidzitiro chete kana zvidzitiro zvemapepa, asiwo zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita setsono. Kana tikaisa tsono yacho pamusoro pemvura nokungwarira, tsono yacho ichayangarara. Kusimba kwemvura ndiko kunoitawo kuti zvipembenene zvikwanise kuyangarara pamusoro pemvura.
Equation yeKunetsana Kwepamusoro
Muhurukuro yapfuura, takadzidza pfungwa yekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro pevhu nenzira yemhando (hapana equation yemasvomhu). Iye zvino tava kuongorora kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro pevhu nenzira yehuwandu. Kuti tibatsire kuwana equation yekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro pevhu, tinotarisa waya yakakombama kuti iite bhii U. Imwe waya yakatwasuka yakabatana nemakumbo maviri ewaya yeU, uko waya yakatwasuka inogona kutamiswa.
Kana waya iyi ikaiswa mu sipo, mushure mekuibvisa inozogadzira jira remvura ine sipo pamusoro pe waya. Zvakafanana nepaunotamba mabubble esipo. Nekuti waya yakatwasuka inogona kufambiswa uye huremu hwayo hausi hwakanyanya kukura, jira remvura ine sipo rinopa simba rekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro pa waya yakatwasuka kuitira kuti waya iende yakatwasuka mudenga. Kuti waya yakatwasuka isafambe (waya iri mu equilibrium), simba rekudzika pasi rinodiwa, apo huwandu hwesimba rese huri F = w + T. Pakuenzana, F = simba rekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro rinotakurwa nejira resipo pa waya yakatwasuka.
Ngatitii kureba kwewaya yakatwasuka kuri l. Nekuti rukoko rwemvura ine sipo runobata waya yakatwasuka rune nzvimbo mbiri, simba rekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro rinogadzirwa nerukoko rwemvura ine sipo rinoshanda pamwe chete ne2l. Kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro murukoko rwesipo kuenzanisa pakati peSurface Tension Force (F) nehurefu hwepamusoro panoshanda simba (d). Muchiitiko ichi, hurefu hwepamusoro i2l. Panyaya yemasvomhu, zvakanyorwa:
Nekuti kusimba kwekumusoro ndiko chiyero chiri pakati pesimba rekusimba kwekumusoro nehurefu, chikamu chekusimba kwekumusoro iNewton pamita (N / m) kana dyne pasendimita (dynes/cm).
Zvinotevera ndezvimwe zvezviyero zveSurface Tension zvakawanikwa zvichibva pakuedza.
Zvichibva padata reSurface Tension, tembiricha inokanganisa kukosha kwefluid surface tension. Kazhinji kana paine kuwedzera kwetembiricha, kukosha kwe surface tension kunoderera (Enzanisa kushushikana kwemvura pamusoro petembiricha yega yega. Ona tafura). Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kana tembiricha ikawedzera, mamorekuru emvura anofamba nekukurumidza zvekuti mhedzisiro yekudyidzana pakati pemamorekuru emvura inoderera. Nekuda kwehukuru hwe surface tension hwakadererawo.
Kushandiswa kweMafungiro eKunetsana Pamusoro peNzvimbo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva
Wakambozvibvunza here kuti, sei tichifanira kugeza mbatya nesipo? Dambudziko nderekuti mbatya dzatinosuka dzakachena chaizvo; mvura inofanira kupfuura nemukana mudiki weshinda dzembatya. Nekuda kweizvi, zvakakosha kuwedzera nzvimbo yemvura pamusoro. Izvi zvakaoma zvikuru kuita nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro. Hazvidzivisike kuti kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kunofanira kudzikiswa kutanga. Tinogona kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro nekushandisa mvura inopisa. Kana tembiricha yemvura yakakwira, zviri nani nekuti, kana tembiricha yemvura yakakwira, kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kudiki (ona tafura). Iyi ndiyo nzira yekutanga uye inzira isingawanzo shandiswa. Imwe sarudzo ndeyekushandisa sipo.
Pane tembiricha ye20 oC, kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro pemvura yesipo i25.00 mN/m. Edza kuenzanisa pakati pesipo nemvura inopisa, ndeipi kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kudiki? Pa100 oC, kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kwemvura inopisa = 58.90. Patembiricha ye20 oC, kukosha kwekusimba kwemusoro wesipo i25.00 mN/m. Zvinobatsira kushandisa sipo. Chii chatsanangurwa pamusoro apa ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvinopesvedzera?
Sei sipo kana mvura yakaita denderedzwa?
Mabhurumu esipo kana madonhwe emvura akaita denderedzwa nekuti anokanganiswa nekumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo. Kutanga, tinokurukura nezvemabhurumu esipo. Mabhurumu esipo ane maburi maviri matete pamusoro uye pakati pawo pane zvidimbu zvitete zvemvura.
Kuvapo kwekumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo kunokonzera kuti membrane imonerere uye kunowanzoita kuti nzvimbo yayo yepamusoro iderere. Kana membrane yemvura ine sipo ikaneta uye ichiedza kuderedza nzvimbo yayo yepamusoro, pane musiyano mukumanikidzwa kwemhepo kunze kwe membrane (atmospheric pressure) uye kumanikidzwa kwemhepo mukati me layer. Kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kuri kunze kwe layer (atmospheric pressure) kunosundawo membrane yemvura ine sipo kana ichimonerera nekuti kumanikidzwa kwemhepo mukati me membrane kudiki.
Kana membrane yapwanyika, mweya uri mukati (mhepo yakavharirwa pakati pe membrane mbiri) unodzvinyirirwa, zvichiwedzera kumanikidzwa kwemhepo mukati me membrane kusvika pasisina kupwanyika. Nemamwe mashoko, kana pasisina kupwanyika, huwandu hwekumanikidzwa kwemhepo pakati pe membrane hwakafanana nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo + simba rekumanikidzwa kwepamusoro rinokwinya jira.
Ko madonhwe edova kana madonhwe emvura anobuda mupombi? Zvakafanana nekuti chikonzero chikuru ndechekumanikidzwa kwemvura pamusoro. Kana mabubble esipo aine ma membrane maviri matete pamusoro penzvimbo mbiri, madonhwe emvura ane jira rimwe chete rakatetepa, riri kunze kwemadonhwe emvura. Mukati makazara nemvura. Nekuda kwesimba rekubatana, kumanikidzwa kwemvura kunomuka. Chikamu chekunze chedonhwe remvura chinodhonzwa mukati. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mvura inogumira uye inowanzo deredza nzvimbo yayo yepamusoro. Kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kuri kunze kunodzvinyirirawo madonhwe emvura. Kugumira kunomira kana kumanikidzwa kwemukati memvura kwakaenzana nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo + simba rekumanikidzwa kwemvura kunovhara membrane yemvura.
