Kugadzikana

Chinyorwa pamusoro peKuramba

Nezvemagetsi, huwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi hwakakurukurwa, saka munda wemagetsi wakatsanangurwawo munyaya yemunda wemagetsi. Munda wemagetsi nemagetsi zviri muconductor kana paine musiyano uripo muconductor, asi kana pasina musiyano uripo, saka hapanawo munda wemagetsi nemagetsi.

Munenge mune zvese zvinofambisa simbi, simba remagetsi rinoenderana zvakananga nehuwandu hwemagetsi, uko chiyero chesimba remagetsi nehuremu hwemagetsi chinogara chiripo. Kukosha kwekuenzaniswa kwesimba remagetsi nehuremu hwemagetsi kunonzi resistivity. Pamasvomhu, hukama huripo pakati pesimba remagetsi, huwandu hwemagetsi, uye resistivity hunotsanangurwa mu equation:

ρ = E / J

ρ = kuramba, E = munda wemagetsi, J = mafambiro kuwanda

Imwe yemafomura emagetsi emagetsi ndeiyi E = V/d apo V = musiyano wesimba remagetsi = voltage yemagetsi uye d = daro kuitira kuti unit yemagetsi yemagetsi ive Volt/meter (V/m). Fomura yehuwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi ndeye J = I/A apo I = magetsi emagetsi uye A = nzvimbo yechikamu chemubati, saka unit yehuwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi iAmpere/meter yakaenzana (A/m).²). Equation ye resistivity ndeye ρ = E/J kuitira kuti resistivity unit ive V/m : A/m² = V/m x m² / A = V/A (m) = Ω m (verenga: Ohmmeter). Ω = Volt / Ampere iyuniti yekudzivirira magetsi.

Kukosha kukuru kwekudzivirira simba kunowanikwa mumagetsi anodzivira simba kana, nepo kusimba kudiki kuri kwemuchina wemagetsi akanaka. Kana muchina wemagetsi ukaburitsa simba remagetsi zviri nani, kusimba kwemhando yemuchina wekudzivirira simba kunowedzerawo kuderera. Kurongeka kwemuchina wekudzivirira simba resimbi une simba rekudzivirira simba kubva pakukura kusvika padiki itini, simbi, aruminiyamu, goridhe, mhangura, sirivha. Saka, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti kukosha kwekudzivirira simba rechinhu kunoratidza chiyero chekugona kwechinhu kudzivirira simba remagetsi.

Kondakita akanaka uye achiteerera mutemo weOhm, patembiricha yakati, kukosha kwekudzivirira hakutsamiri pamunda wemagetsi, zvichireva kuti kana munda wemagetsi ukachinja kukosha kwekudzivirira hakuchinji. Kusiyana neizvi, kune vatungamiriri vasingatevedzere mutemo weOhm, kukosha kwekudzivirira kunoenderana nemunda wemagetsi, zvichireva kuti kana hukuru hwemunda wemagetsi hukachinja, kukosha kweR kunochinjawo.

Kuramba kwemuchina wesimbi kunoenderana nekupisa. Kana tembiricha yesimbi ikawedzera, kuramba kwesimbi kunowedzera, asi kana tembiricha yesimbi ikaderera, kuramba kwesimbi kunoderera. Sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera, maatomu anofamba nekukurumidza uye anorongwa zvisina kurongeka kuitira kuti avhare kufamba kwemaerekitironi, zvichiita kuti kufamba kwemaerekitironi kunonoke. Kana tembiricha ikadzikira, maatomu anofamba zvishoma nezvishoma uye anorongwa nguva nenguva kuitira kuti kufamba kwemaerekitironi kuve kwakapfava.

Zvakasiyana neresistivity ndiko conductivity. Pamasvomhu, hukama huripo pakati peresistivity neconductivity hunotsanangurwa kuburikidza ne equation:

σ = 1 /ρ

σ = kuitisa kwemudhudhudhu, ρ = kuitisa kwekudzivirira.

Chikamu chekudzivirira simba (resistivity) iΩm saka chikamu che conductivity i1 / Ωm = (Ωm)^-1

Kukosha kukuru kwekufambisa magetsi ndekwemuchina wemagetsi, nepo kukosha kudiki kwekufambisa magetsi kuri kwemuchina wekudzivirira magetsi kana muchina wemagetsi usina simba. Kana muchina wemagetsi ukaburitsa magetsi zviri nani, muchina wekufambisa magetsi unowedzerawo kukosha kwemuchina wekufambisa magetsi. Kurongeka kwemuchina wesimbi une simba guru kusvika kumudiki sirivha, mhangura, goridhe, aruminiyamu, simbi, tini. Saka, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti kukosha kwekufambisa magetsi kwechinhu kunoratidza chiyero chekugona kwechinhu kutakura magetsi. Sirivha ine simba guru rekufambisa magetsi asi inodhura saka mhangura inoshandiswa zvakanyanya semuchina wekufambisa magetsi.