Tsanangudzo ye capacitor yeplate yakafanana
Parallel plate capacitor i capacitor ine maplate maviri e conductor akaenzana, plate imwe neimwe ine nzvimbo yakaenzana (A) uye maplate maviri akaparadzaniswa nedaro rakati (d), sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri kuruboshwe. Rimwe remaplate e conductor rakachajwa zvakanaka (+Q) nepo rimwe plate re conductor rakachajwa zvakaipa (-Q), uko huwandu hwe electric charge paplate yega yega yakaenzana. Kuti chaji isafambe ichienda kumorekuru yemhepo, capacitor inoparadzaniswa nenharaunda, uye pakati peplate mbiri, pane vacuum.
Musiyano uripo pakati pemhando dzemagetsi anochaja muma conductor plates ese unogadzira munda wemagetsi nemusiyano wemagetsi pakati pemaplates maviri. Positively charged plate ine simba remagetsi rakawanda, nepo negative charged plate ine simba remagetsi rakaderera. Sezvakatsanangurwa munyaya ye electric potential, kana paine musiyano we electric potential pakati pemaplates maviri e capacitor, pane simba re electric potential mu capacitor. Electric potential energy inochengetwa muma capacitors ine mashandisirwo akawanda.
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa capacitance ye parallel plate capacitor
Pakutanga capacitor haina kushajwa nemagetsi kana kuti haina magetsi. Kuti ichajwe, kuchajwa kwecapacitor kunoitwa nekubatanidza capacitor nemagetsi anowanikwa sebhatiri uchishandisa waya. Rimwe remapureti econductor rakabatana nepaburi rakanaka rebhatiri, nepo rimwe pureti reconductor rakabatana nepaburi rakanaka rebhatiri.
Yeuka kuti machaji akafanana anodzingana, nepo machaji akasiyana achikwezvana. Maerekitironi ane chaji isina kunaka uye ari nyore kufamba nekuti ari pamusoro peatomu, nepo mapurotoni ane chaji yakanaka uye haakwanise kufamba nekuti ari paatomu nucleus. Kana plate yemuchina wekufambisa ine mapurotoni akawanda kupfuura maerekitironi, plate ine chaji yakanaka, asi kana nhamba yemaerekitironi yakawanda kupfuura mapurotoni, plate ine chaji isina kunaka.
Mushure mekunge capacitor yabatanidzwa nebhatiri, danda rakanaka rebhatiri rinochajwa zvakanaka. Izvi zvinoita kuti ribvise maerekitironi kubva paconductor plate, ukuwo danda rakanaka rebhatiri richichajwa zvakanaka zvekuti rinoramba maerekitironi kuenda kuconductor plate. Kuchinjana kwemagetsi pakati pebhatiri neconductor plate kunoita kuti conductor plate irasikirwe nemaerekitironi kuti ashajwe zvakanaka, uye conductor plate inogamuchira maerekitironi kuti ashajwe zvakaipa. Kufamba kwemaerekitironi kunomira mushure mekunge musiyano wemagetsi pakati pemaerekitironi maviri wakaenzana nemusiyano wemagetsi pakati pemapareti maviri ebhatiri.
Basa re capacitor kuchengetedza chaji yemagetsi uye simba remagetsi . Kukura kwekugona kwe capacitor kuchengetedza chaji yemagetsi uye simba remagetsi kunonzi capacitance. Kana magetsi akawanda akachengetwa, simba remagetsi rakachengetwa rinokurawo, capacitance ye capacitor inowedzerawo kukura. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinopesvedzera capacitance ye parallel plate capacitor?
Nzvimbo yepamusoro yeplate yemutyairi
Capacitor yeplate yakafanana inochengeta chaji yemagetsi pa conductor plate. Kana nzvimbo yeplate iri diki saka chaji yemagetsi shoma inochengetwa, zvikasadaro kana nzvimbo yeplate yakakura saka chaji yemagetsi yakawanda inochengetwa. Chaji yemagetsi yakawanda inochengetwa pa conductor plate, simba remagetsi rine capacitor rakakura. Saka, simba remagetsi re capacitor rakakura, capacitance ye capacitor inowedzerawo. Zvichibva paongororo iyi, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti capacitance ye capacitor (C) inoenderana nenzvimbo ye conductor plate (A).
Kureba pakati pemaplate maviri emutyairi
Kutamiswa kwemaerekitironi kunomira mushure mekunge musiyano uripo pakati pemaplate maviri econductor wakaenzana nemusiyano uripo pakati pemapango maviri ebhatiri. Ungawedzera sei chaji yemagetsi pamaplate ese ari maviri econductor? Imwe nzira ndeyekuderedza daro riri pakati pemaconductor maviri (kuderedza d). Kana maconductor maviri akaswededzwa pedyo, huwandu hwechaji yemagetsi hunoramba huripo kuitira kuti munda wemagetsi unogadzirwa nechaji yemagetsi ugare wakasimba. Zvichibva paequation V = E d, kana munda wemagetsi (E) uripo nguva dzose, musiyano wechaji yemagetsi (V) unoderera kana daro riri pakati peplate mbiri dzeconductor richiderera (d).
Musiyano uripo pakati pemaplate maviri econductor unoderedzwa zvekuti unenge mudiki pane musiyano uripo pakati pemapango maviri ebhatiri. Izvi zvinokonzera kutama kwemaerekitironi zvakare kusvika chaji yemagetsi yeplate yega yega yeconductor yawedzera. Kutamiswa kwemaerekitironi kunomira mushure mekunge musiyano uripo pakati pemaplate maviri wakaenzana nemusiyano uripo pakati pemapango maviri ebhatiri.
Kana daro riri pakati pemapureti maviri econductor radzikira, chaji yemagetsi paplate yega yega inowedzera zvekuti simba remagetsi recapacitor rinowedzerawo. Kana simba remagetsi recapacitor rikawedzera, capacitance yecapacitor inowedzerawo. Kana daro rikaderedzwa, chaji inowedzera zvekuti capacitance inowedzera, kana daro rawedzerwa, chaji inoderera zvekuti capacitance inoderera. Zvinogona kugumiswa kuti capacitance yecapacitor (C) inoenderana zvakanyanya nedaro riri pakati pemapureti maviri econductor (d).
Kuenzanisa kwe capacitance ye parallel plate capacitor
Kare, zvinhu zvinokanganisa capacitance ye parallel plate capacitors zvakatsanangurwa. Kukosha kwe capacitance kunogona kuzivikanwa zvakajeka kuburikidza nekuverenga uchishandisa equation. Munyaya yekuona munda wemagetsi uchishandisa mutemo waGauss, fomura yekuverenga munda wemagetsi uri pedyo neplate ye conductor inochajwa nemagetsi ndeye E = σ / εo, apo σ = Q / A kuitira kuti equation yemunda wemagetsi ichinje kuita E = Q/A: εo = Q/A x 1/εo = Q / A εo. Equation ye electric potential ndeye V = E d, apo E = Q / A εo saka equation inoshanduka kuita V = Q d / A εo. Equation ye capacitance ndeye C = Q/V, apo V = Q d / A εo kuitira kuti equation ye capacitance ichinje kuita C = Q: Q d / A εo = Q x A εo / Q d = A εo / d.
Zvichibva pakuenzanisa kwe capacitance C = A ε o / d zvinogona kugumiswa kuti capacitance (C) inoenderana nenzvimbo yepamusoro (A) uye inoenderana nedaro (d) pakati pemaplate maviri ekufambisa.
E = munda wemagetsi, σ = huwandu hwekuchaja, ε o = mvumo yekubvisa mhepo = 8.85 x 10 -12 F/m, Q = kuchaja kwemagetsi, A = nzvimbo yepamusoro yeplate yemuchina, V = musiyano wesimba remagetsi.
