Simba remagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro

Simba remagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro

1. Machaji matatu sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi . Chii chinonzi simba remagetsi rinowanikwa nechaji B. k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2 , 1 μC = 10 −6 C.

Zvinozivikanwa:

qA = 10 µC = 10 x 10-6 C = zana-5 CoulombMatambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 1

q B = 10 µC = 10 x 10 -6 = 10 -5 Coulombs

q C = 20 µC = 20 x 10 -6 = 2 x 10 -5 Coulombs

r AB = 0.1 m = 10 -1 m

r BC = 0.1 m = 10 -1 m

k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2

Zvinodiwa: Simba remagetsi rinoonekwa nechaji B

Solution:

Kune masimba maviri emagetsi anoshandiswa pachaji B, kureva simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaji A nechaji B (F AB ) uye simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaji B neC (F BC ). Simba remagetsi rinowanikwa nechaji B rinobva pasimba F AB nesimba F BC.

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaja A neB:

Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 2

Chaja A iri positive uye chaja B iri positive kuitira kuti divi reF AB rionekwe kune chaja C.

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaja B neC:

Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 3

Chaja B inoonekwa seyakanaka uye chaja C inoonekwa seyakanaka zvekuti F BC inonongedzera kuchaja A.

Simba remagetsi rinoonekwa nechaji B:

F B = F BC – F AB = 180 – 90 = 90 N.

Hukuru hwesimba remagetsi rinowanikwa nechaji B (F B ) i90 Newtons. Kutungamira kweF B kwakafanana nekutungamira kweF BC , kunongedzera kuchaji A.

2. Chii chiri kukura uye gwara remagetsi aripo B. ( k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2 , 1 μC = 10 −6 C)

Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 4

Zvinozivikanwa:

Chaja A (q A ) = +Q

Chaja B (q B ) = -2Q

Chaja C (q C ) = -Q

Nhambwe iri pakati pemari A neB (r AB ) = r

Nhambwe iri pakati pemari B neC (r BC ) = 2r

k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 C −2

Zvinodiwa: Hukuru uye kutungamira kwesimba remagetsi riri pachaji B.

Solution:

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaja A neB:

Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 5

Chaja A iri positive uye chaja B iri positive kuitira kuti divi reF AB rienderane nechaja A.

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaja B nechaja C:

Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 6

Chaja B haina kunaka uye chaja C haina kunaka zvekuti divi reF BC rinonongedzera kuchaja A.

Mauto emagetsi anoshanda pabasa rekutonga B:

F = F AB + F BC = 2 k Q 2 /r 2 + 0.5 k Q 2 /r 2 = 2.5 k Q 2 /r 2 = 2.5 k Q 2 r -2

Kutungamira kwesimba remagetsi kunongedzera kuchaja A (kuruboshwe).

3. Machaji maviri emagetsi, anoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Chaji panzvimbo A i8 µC uye simba remagetsi rinoshanda pachaji dzese i45 N. Kana chaji A ichifamba kurudyi 1 cm, chii chinonzi simba rinokwezva rinoshanda pachaji dzese. k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Chaja yemagetsi panzvimbo A (q)A) = 8 µC = 8 x 10-6 CoulombMatambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 7

Mabasa emagetsi pamhosva dzese dziri mbiri (F) = 45 Newtons

Nhambwe iri pakati pemachaji ese ari maviri (r AB ) = 4 cm = 0.04 metres = 4 x 10 -2 metres

Nguva dzose (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Zvinodiwa: Simba remagetsi riri pakati pekuchaja kwese kana chaja A ichienda kurudyi 1 cm.

Solution:

Chaja yemagetsi panzvimbo B :

Kuenzanisa kwesimba remagetsi:

F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

F r 2 = k (q A )(q B )

q B = F r 2 / k (q A )

Chaja yemagetsi panzvimbo B :

q B = (45)(4 x 10 -2 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(8 x 10 -6 )

q B = (45)(16 x 10 -4 ) / 72 x 10 3

q B = (720 x 10 -4 ) / (72 x 10 3 )

q B = 10 x 10 -7 Coulombs

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaja dzemagetsi A naB:

Kana chaji paA ichifamba kurudyi 1 cm zvinoreva kuti daro riri pakati pechaji dzese i3 cm = 0.03 metres = 3 x 10 -2 metres.

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F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )(8 x 10 -6 )(10 x 10 -7 ) / (3 x 10 -2 ) 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )(80 x 10 -13 ) / (9 x 10 -4 )

F = (1 x 10 9 )(80 x 10 -13 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = (80 x 10 -4 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = 80 Newton

4. Machaji maviri emagetsi panzvimbo P neQ akaparadzaniswa nedaro re10 cm, sangana nesimba rinokwezva re8 Newton. Kana chaji Q ichifamba 5 cm kuti ichaji P, saka simba remagetsi chii. (1 µC = 10 -6 C uye k = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 ).

Zvinozivikanwa:

Kureba pakati pemari P na Q (r)PQ) = 10 cm = 0.1 m = 1 x 10-1 m Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 8

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pemari P neQ (F) = 8 N

Chaja yemagetsi Q (q Q ) = 40 µC = 40 x 10 -6 C

Nguva dzose (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Zvinodiwa: Simba remagetsi riri pakati pemachaji P neQ kana chaji Q ikafambiswa 5 cm kuti ichajwe P.

Solution:

Kutanga, verenga chaji yemagetsi P, wobva waverenga simba remagetsi pakati pechaji dzese dziri mbiri, kana chaji yemagetsi Q ikafambiswa ne5 cm kuti ichaji P.

Chaja yemagetsi P :

q P = F r 2 / k (q Q )

q P = (8)(1 x 10 -1 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(40 x 10 -6 )

q P = (8)(1 x 10 -2 ) / 360 x 10 3

q P = (8 x 10 -2 ) / (36 x 10 4 )

q P = (1 x 10 -2 ) / (4.5 x 10 4 )

q P = (1 / 4.5) x 10 -6 Coulombs

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaja dzemagetsi P na Q:

Kana chaji panhamba Q ikafambiswa 5 cm kuruboshwe, ipapo daro riri pakati pechaji dzese i5 cm = 0.05 metres = 5 x 10 -2 metres

F = k (q P )(q Q ) / r 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )((1 / 4.5) x 10 -6 )(40 x 10 -6 ) / (5 x 10 -2 ) 2

F = (2 x 10 3 )(40 x 10 -6 ) / (25 x 10 -4 )

F = (80 x 10 -3 ) / (25 x 10 -4 )

F = 3.2 x 10 1

F = 32 Newton

5. Simba remagetsi rinoonekwa nechaji q B i8 N (1 µC = 10 -6 C uye k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 ). Kana chaji q B yafamba 4 cm kubva kuA, saka chii chinonzi simba remagetsi rinoonekwa nechaji q B.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Daro riri pakati pemari A neB (r)AB) = 2 cm = 0.02 m = 2 x 10-2 m Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 9

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pemari A neB (F) = 8 N

Chaja yemagetsi A (q A ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 C

Nguva dzose (k) = 9 x 10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Zvinodiwa: Simba remagetsi riri pakati pemachaji A neB kana daro riri pakati pemachaji ese ari 4 cm.

Solution:

Kutanga, verenga chaji yemagetsi B, wobva waverenga simba remagetsi pakati pechaji dzese, kana daro rechaji dzese dziri 4 cm = 0.04 metres = 4 x 10 -2 metres.

Chaja yemagetsi paB :

q B = F r 2 / k (q A )

q B = (8)(2 x 10 -2 ) 2 / (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )

q B = (8)(4 x 10 -4 ) / (18 x 10 3 )

q B = (32 x 10 -4 ) / (18 x 10 3 )

q B = (32/18) x 10 -7

qB = (16/9) x 10 -7 Coulombs

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pechaja A neB:

F = k (q A )(q B ) / r 2

F = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )((16/9) x 10 -7 ) / (4 x 10 -2 ) 2

F = (18 x 10 3 )((16/9) x 10 -7 ) / (16 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 3 )(16 x 10 -7 ) / (16 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 3 )(1 x 10 -7 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = (2 x 10 -4 ) / (1 x 10 -4 )

F = 2 Newton

6. Machaji matatu A, B naC sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. AB = BC = 20 cm uye machaji akafanana (q = 2µC). k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 , 1 µ = 10 -6 . Simba remagetsi rinoita sei paB?

Zvinozivikanwa:

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Chaja panzvimbo A (q)A) = 2 µC = 2 x 10-6 Coulomb Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 10

Chaja panzvimbo B (q B ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Chaja panzvimbo C (q C ) = 2 µC = 2 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Nhambwe kubva paB kusvika paC (r BC ) = 20 cm = 0.2 metres = 2 x 10 -1 metres

Nhambwe kubva paB kusvika paA (r BA ) = 20 cm = 0.2 metres = 2 x 10 -1 metres

k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Zvinodiwa: Hukuru hwesimba remagetsi hunoshanda panzvimbo B

Solution:

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pemachaji panzvimbo B neC:

F BC = k (q B )(q C ) / r BC 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )(2 x 10 -6 ) / (2 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(4 x 10 -12 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BC = (36 x 10 -3 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BC = 9 x 10 -1

F BC = 0.9 Newton

Machaji emagetsi ari pamapoinzi B neC akanaka zvekuti simba remagetsi F BC rinoenda kuruboshwe kubva panzvimbo C.

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pemachaji panzvimbo B neA:

F BA = k (q B )(q A ) / r BA 2

F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(2 x 10 -6 )(2 x 10 -6 ) / (2 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(4 x 10 -12 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BA = (36 x 10 -3 ) / (4 x 10 -2 )

F BA = 9 x 10 -1

F BA = 0.9 Newton

Machaji emagetsi ari pamapoinzi B neA akanaka zvekuti divi remagetsi F BA riri pasi, kure nepoinzi A.

Mhedzisiro yemasimba emagetsi:

Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 11

7. Machaji matatu Q 1 , Q 2 , uye Q 3 sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Kureba kweAB = kureba kweBC = 30 cm. Inozivikanwa: k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2 uye 1 µ = 10 -6 zvino mhedzisiro yesimba remagetsi pachaji Q 1.

Zvinozivikanwa:

Chaja panzvimbo A (q)A) = 3 µC = 3 x 10-6 Coulomb Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 12

Chaja panzvimbo B (q B ) = -10 µC = -10 x 10 -6 Coulombs

Chaja panzvimbo C (q C ) = 4 µC = 4 x 10 -6 Coulomb

Nhambwe kubva paB kusvika paC (r BC ) = 30 cm = 0.3 metres = 3 x 10 -1 metres

Nhambwe kubva paB kusvika paC (r BA ) = 30 cm = 0.3 metres = 3 x 10 -1 metres s

k = 9.10 9 Nm 2 .C -2

Zvinodiwa: Zvakabuda musimba remagetsi panzvimbo B

Solution:

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pemachaji panzvimbo B neC:

F BC = k (q B )(q C ) / r BC 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(10 x 10 -6 )(4 x 10 -6 ) / (3 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BC = (9 x 10 9 )(40 x 10 -12 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BC = (360 x 10 -3 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BC = 40 x 10 -1

F BC = 4 Newton

Chaja yemagetsi panzvimbo B haina kunaka uye chaja yemagetsi panzvimbo C yakanaka, zvekuti simba remagetsi F BC rinoenda kurudyi, kuenda kunongedzo C.

Simba remagetsi riri pakati pemachaji panzvimbo B neA:

F BA = k (q B )(q A ) / r BA 2

F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(10 x 10 -6 )(3 x 10 -6 ) / (3 x 10 -1 ) 2

F BA = (9 x 10 9 )(30 x 10 -12 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BA = (270 x 10 -3 ) / (9 x 10 -2 )

F BA = 30 x 10 -1

F BA = 3 Newton

Chaja yemagetsi panzvimbo B haina kunaka uye chaja yemagetsi panzvimbo A yakanaka, zvekuti divi remagetsi F BA riri kumusoro kusvika panzvimbo A.

Mhedzisiro yesimba remagetsi:

Matambudziko emagetsi - matambudziko nemhinduro 13

  1. Chii chinonzi simba remagetsi? mhinduro: Simba remagetsi isimba guru rinoitika pakati pezvinhu nekuda kwekuchaja kwaro kwemagetsi. Rinogona kukwezva (pakati pekuchaja kwakatarisana) kana kutsamwisa (pakati pekuchaja kwakafanana).
  2. Ukuru hwesimba remagetsi riri pakati pemapoinzi maviri hunoonekwa sei? mhinduro: Hukuru hwesimba remagetsi riri pakati pemapoinzi maviri hunopihwa nemutemo waCoulomb. Hunoenderana zvakananga nechibereko chehukuru hwemapoinzi uye hunoenderana nechikamu chedaro riri pakati pawo. , apo ndiyo nguva dzose yaCoulomb.
  3. Chii chinoitika kumagetsi kana daro riri pakati pekuchaja mbiri rikapetwa kaviri? mhinduro: Kana daro riri pakati pekuchaja mbiri rikapetwa kaviri, simba remagetsi rinova chikamu chimwe muzvina chehuwandu hwaro hwepakutanga, nekuti simba racho rinosiyana zvakasiyana zvichienderana neskweya yedaro.
  4. Simba remagetsi rinoenzaniswa sei nesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi? mhinduro: Masimba emagetsi anogona kukwezva uye kunyangadza, nepo masimba egiravhiti achingokwezva chete. Pamusoro pezvo, pazvinhu zvakajairika uye daro, masimba emagetsi anowanzova akasimba kupfuura masimba egiravhiti, tichifunga kuti masimba egiravhiti haana simba zvakanyanya kana tichienzanisa nesimba remagetsi.
  5. Ndeipi nheyo ye superposition maererano nemasimba emagetsi? mhinduro: Nheyo ye superposition inoti simba remagetsi rine simba guru pachaji inokonzerwa nekuunganidzwa kwemamwe machaji ndiyo vhekitori yesimba rinoitwa nechaji yega yega inotorwa zvakasiyana.
  6. Sei tisinganzwi masimba emagetsi ari muzvinhu zvezuva nezuva kunyangwe zvakagadzirwa nezvidimbu zvinochajwa? mhinduro: Zvinhu zvezuva nezuva zvinowanzova zvisina simba remagetsi, zvichireva kuti zvine huwandu hwakaenzana hwechaji dzakanaka nedzisina simba. Masimba ari pakati pechaji idzi anoenzana, saka simba remagetsi remagetsi harisi zero.
  7. Kuisa pasi kunokanganisa sei simba remagetsi pachinhu chakachajwa? mhinduro: Kudzika pasi kwechinhu chakachajwa kunoita kuti chaji ifambe pakati pechinhu nePasi kusvika chinhu chacho chapera simba, zvichibvisa simba remagetsi pachinhu chacho nekuda kwekuchajwa kwacho kwekutanga.
  8. Simba remagetsi rinogona kushanda mu vacuum here? mhinduro: Ehe, simba remagetsi rinogona kushanda mu vacuum. Haridi nzira yekufambisa zvinhu. Izvi zvinoonekwa kubva panzira iyo minda yemagetsi inogona kuvapo uye inokanganisa zvidimbu zvine chaji muchadenga.
  9. Basa rei rinoitwa nemagetsi asingachinji (kana kuti mvumo yenzvimbo yakasununguka) pakusarudza simba remagetsi? mhinduro: Chinogadzika chemagetsi, chinozivikanwawo sechinogadzika chenzvimbo yakasununguka, chinokanganisa simba remagetsi pakati pemachaji. Chinogadzika chakakwirira chingareva simba remagetsi risina simba, uye zvinopesana. Chinogadzika chaCoulomb, , ine chekuita nehukuru uhwu se .

  10. Kana machaja maviri ari kufamba achienzaniswa, simba riri pakati pawo rinoshanduka here? Mhinduro : Kana machaja maviri ari kufamba achienzaniswa, anogona kugadzira magineti pamwe chete neminda yemagetsi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kudyidzana pakati pemachaja anofamba hakuzongokonzerwa nemasimba emagetsi chete asiwo masimba emagineti. Kudyidzana kwakabatana kunotsanangurwa nesimba remagetsi. Saka, nepo simba remagetsi rinokonzerwa nemachaja risingachinji nekuti riri kufamba, simba rese rinogona kuchinja nekuda kwemhedzisiro yemagineti.

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