Ngā Tohutohu mō te Kōwhiri me te Whakakapi i ngā Pūhiko Rama o te Motuka
He wāhanga iti ngā paraka mura, ngā paraka mura rānei, i roto i te miihini motuka, engari he mea nui tā rātou mahi. Ki te kore ngā paraka mura e mahi pai ana, ka whakararuraruhia te tukanga tahunga i roto i te miihini, ka whakaitihia te mana, ka piki ake te whakapaunga wahie, ā, ka uaua te tīmata i te miihini. Nō reira, he mea nui te mārama ki te whiriwhiri i te paraka mura tika me te wā me pēhea te whakakapi. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā tohutohu mō te whiriwhiri i te paraka mura o te motuka, ngā tohu me whakakapi ngā paraka mura, me te aratohu mō te whakakapi haumaru.
Te Tūranga o ngā Pūrakau Hiko ki te Mahi a te Mīhini
Ka whakaputa te puru mura i te mura hei whakakā i te ranunga hau- wahie i roto i te rūma mura. Me rite tonu, me tere, me kaha hoki tēnei mura kia tino mura ai. Mena he ngoikore, he paru rānei te puru mura, kāore e tino mura. Ka kitea pea ngā pānga pēnei i te puhoi o te whakatere, te haruru o te miihini, te wiri rānei i te wā e noho puku ana.
Hei tāpiritanga, he mahi anō tā ngā puru mura ki te penapena wahie . Ka nui ake te mana e whakaputaina ana e te mīhini e mura pai ana, ā, ka iti ake te wahie e pau ana. Nō reira, ko te whiriwhiri i ngā puru mura e rite ana ki ngā whakaritenga o tō mīhini ehara i te mea he take noa iho "he pai, he utu nui rānei," engari he take hototahi me ngā hiahia o te waka.
Ngā Tohutohu mō te Kōwhiri i te Mono Rama Tika mō te Waka
1. Whāia ngā taunakitanga a te kaihanga
Ko te taahiraa haumaru ko te whai i ngā whakaritenga mō te mono mura kua whakarārangihia ki te pukapuka. pukapuka ā-ringa mō ngā wakaKa tohua e ngā kaihanga te momo tino pai, te rahi o te miro, te roa o te miro, te awhe wera, me te āputa. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi mono mura kāore i te tika ka puta he raruraru, mai i te ngoikore o te mahi ki te mōrearea o te pakaru o ngā wāhanga.
2. Kia mārama ki ngā momo rauemi hikohiko
He maha ngā rauemi e wātea ana mō ngā pūahi mura, ā, he rerekē ō rātou āhuatanga:
– Parahi: He iti ake te utu, he pai ake hoki te kawe wera, engari he poto ake te roa o te ora. He pai mō ngā motuka o ia rā me tiaki auau.
– Konukawata: He ātete ake ki te pakaru i te parahi, he pumau ake te mura, ā, he roa ake te ora mahi.
– Iridium: Ko te mea tino pakari me te pumau, he pai mō ngā motuka hou, mō ngā mea e whakamahia nuitia ana, mō ngā mea rānei e hiahia ana kia roa ake te wā whakakapinga. He nui ake te utu, engari he pai te pumau.
Ehara i te mea he mea "whakahau" te Iridium i ngā wā katoa, ā, he pai ake mō ngā waka katoa. Mena kāore e hiahiatia ana e te pūnaha mura, e ngā whakaritenga rānei o te miihini, ko te whakamahi i ngā mono mura kua tūtohutia e te kaihanga te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu.
3. Whakatikatikahia te awhe wera
Ko te awhe wera e tohu ana i te kaha o te mono mura ki te tango i te wera mai i te ruma mura. He momo mono mura "wera ake" me te momo mono mura "mātao ake". Mena he hē te awhe wera, ka wera rawa te mono mura (ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mura/te patuki) ka makariri rawa rānei (ka ngawari ki te kiri me te poke). Kōwhiria he awhe wera e tutuki ana i ngā taunakitanga a te kaihanga, ki te kore te motuka kua whakarerekētia, ā, me whakatikatika.
4. Kia aro ki te rahi me te momo o te nohoanga
He rerekē te rahi o ngā miro, te roa o ngā miro, me ngā momo nohoanga o ngā mono mura (pērā i ngā nohoanga gasket, i ngā nohoanga taper rānei). Mēnā he hē te rahi o te mono, ka wetekina pea, ka turuturu te pēhanga, ka kino rānei ngā miro o te pane rango.
5. Kia tūpato ki ngā hua rūpahu
Kī tonu te mākete rama i ngā hua rūpahu. Hei karo i ēnei, hoko mai i ngā toa whakatika whai mana, i ngā kaihokohoko pono, i ngā kaihokohoko rongonui rānei. Kia tūpato ki te takai, te tānga waehere, me te kounga o te whakaotinga o te rama. He maha ngā wā ka kitea ngā mea rūpahu mā te koretake o ngā tohu, ngā āhua rānei.
6. Whakaarohia ngā tikanga whakamahi
Ko ngā waka e mau tonu ana i te waka, e tū ana, e haere ana rānei i ngā tawhiti poto, ka tere ake te pakaru o ā rātou mono mura. Mena he whānuitia ēnei tauira whakamahinga, mā te whiriwhiri i ngā mono mura e ātete ana ki te pakaru (pēnei i te platinum/iridium) ka āwhina i te pupuri i te mahi pumau mō te wā roa.
Ngā Tohu e Me Whakakapia tō Pūraka Rama
Kāore ngā puru mura e pakaru katoa i mua i te puta o ngā tohu. Anei ētahi tohu noa:
1. He uaua te tīmata i te mīhini, inā koa i te ata, i te wā makariri rānei.
2. He taumaha te āhua o te tō, ā, kāore te whakaterenga e aro.
3. Ka oho, ka wiri rānei te mīhini ina takahia te penehīni.
4. Kāore e pumau te noho, ka wiri te mīhini ina noho mangere.
5. Ka piki ake te whakapaunga wahie, kāore he take e kitea ana.
6. Ka kā te rama tirotiro miihini, ina koa mēnā he hē te mura (kei te momo motuka).
7. He haruru pūkaha o te mīhini, he pakū iti rānei i roto i te putanga hau.
Ki te mau tonu ngā tohu, he pai ake te tirotiro i ngā mono mura me te pūnaha mura. I ētahi wā ehara i te mea ko ngā mono mura anake te raruraru, engari ko te koiri mura, ko ngā waea mono mura (mō ngā pūnaha tawhito), ngā werohanga, ngā pūoko motuhake rānei.
Āhea te Wā Pai hei Whakakapi i ngā Pūhiko Rama?
Ko ngā wā whakakapinga ka whakawhirinaki ki te momo mura me ngā taunakitanga a te kaihanga. I te nuinga o te wā:
– Ngā pūahi parahi: tata ki te 20.000–30.000 kiromita
– Ngā pūahi konukawata: tata ki te 40.000–60.000 kiromita
– Ngā pūahi Iridium: ka roa pea mō te 80.000–120.000 km, neke atu rānei, i runga i te miihini
Heoi, ehara i te mea ko te maero anake te paearu. Mena he maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana te motuka i roto i te waka nui, i te waka nui rānei, ka tere ake te pirau o ngā mono mura. Mā ngā tirotiro auau i te wā e mahi ana koe ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau āhea me whakakapi ngā mono mura.
Me pēhea te whakakapi haumaru i te mono mura o te motuka
Ka taea te whakakapi i ngā mono mura e koe anō mēnā kei a koe ngā taputapu tika, ā, kei a koe anō hoki. Heoi, ki te ruarua koe, he pai ake te mahi i tētahi toa whakatika.
1. Whakaritea ngā taputapu me ngā āhuatanga o te mīhini
Ngā taputapu e hiahiatia ana i ngā wā katoa:
– Putanga rama e ai ki te rahi
– Rītiti me te toronga
– Wīra taipana (mēnā e wātea ana)
– He pupuhi, he paraihe iti rānei hei horoi i te wāhi e karapoti ana i te mono mura
Kia tino mātao te mīhini. Mā te tango i te mono mura i te wā e wera ana te mīhini ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā miro pakaru, te uaua rānei te tango.
2. Horoia te wāhi e karapoti ana i te mono mura
I mua i te tango i te mono mura, horoia te puehu e karapoti ana i te kōhao o te mono mura kia kore ai e uru ngā paru ki roto i te rūma mura. He mahi māmā engari he mea nui tēnei hei ārai i te pakaru o te rango.
3. Tangohia marietia te koiri, te taura rānei o te mono mura
Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia e ngā waka hou he mono-koi-ki-te-hikoi. Tangohia te putanga koi, wetekina ngā pūtu whakapiri koi (mēnā kei roto), kātahi ka kumea mārire te taura ki waho. Kaua e kumea kia kaha rawa kia kore ai e pakaru te hononga.
4. Tangohia te mono mura tawhito
Whakamahia he kī mura, ka huri ki te taha maui. Ki te mea he tino piri rawa, kaua e akiaki. Whakamutua, kia tino mau te kī, ka huri mārire kia kore ai e tangohia ngā miro.
5. Tirohia te āhua o te mono mura tawhito
Ka taea e ngā puru mura te kōrero mō te āhua o tō mīhini. Hei tauira:
– Tae parauri hina: noa
– Te pungarehu pango: ranunga wahie he nui rawa te momona, he makariri rawa rānei ngā paraka mura
– Hinu mākū: he raru pea mō te mowhiti piston, te hiri takirere rānei
– Kua pakaru te hikohiko: kua hipa te roa o te ora o te mono mura.
Mā tēnei tirotiro ka taea e koe te kite wawe i ngā raruraru.
6. Tāutahia te mono mura hou kia tika
Tāutahia ngā puru mura hou mā te:
– Tahurihia ētahi miro ki te ringa i te tuatahi kia kore ai he miro whakawhiti.
– Kia mau, whakaukia kia rite ki te taipana a te kaihanga. Ki te kore āu he kī taipana, whakaukia kia rite ki te hiahia; kaua e tino whakaukia, nā te mea ka kino pea ngā miro o te pane rango (he mea hanga ki te konumohe te nuinga o te wā).
– Me whakarite kia tika te āputa o te mono mura mēnā me whakarite tāu. He maha ngā mono mura o ēnei rā kua "whakakīia ki mua te āputa," engari he mea pai tonu kia tirohia. Kaua e pēhi nui rawa ki te pito o te iridium, nā te mea ka kino pea te hiko.
7. Tāuta anōtia te koiri/taura ka whakamātauria te mīhini.
Kia oti ngā mea katoa te tāuta, tīmatahia te mīhini. Kia aro ki te tere o te noho puku, te haruru o te mīhini, me te urupare o te whakatere. Ki te hē te mura o te mīhini, ki te puta rānei te rama tirotiro mīhini, tirohia anō te koiri me ngā hononga, ā, kia tika te whakanoho o ngā mono mura.
Ngā Hapa Noa hei Ārai
Ko ētahi hapa e puta pinepine ana i te wā e whakakapi ana i ngā mono mura:
– Te whakakīkī rawa i te mono mura kia pakaru rā anō te miro
– Te tāuta i ngā mono mura kāore e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga (te roa o te miro/te awhe wera hē)
– Te tuku i te paru kia tomo ki roto i te kōhao o te rama
– Kāore i te tāuta tika i te koiri, i te hononga rānei
– Te kore aro ki ngā tohu o te hē o te pupuhi, me te whakamahi tonu mō te wā roa tae noa ki te pakaru Tahuri whakawhiti
Te Katinga
Ehara i te mea he mahi tiaki noa iho te whiriwhiri me te whakakapi i ngā mono mura o tō waka, engari he haumitanga iti hei pupuri i te mahi pai o te miihini, te whai huatanga o te wahie, me te haerenga whakamarie. Ko te mea nui ko te whai i ngā taunakitanga a te kaihanga, te whiriwhiri i ngā mono mura mai i tētahi puna pono, me te tāuta tika. Mā te aro nui, ka taea e koe te whakakapi i ngā mono mura i te kāinga. Heoi, ki te ruarua koe, waiho mā te toa whakatika e tiaki, kia kore ai e pakaru.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te āwhina i a koe ki te whakarite i ngā tūtohutanga mō ngā mono mura e ai ki te waitohu me te tauira o tō waka, tae atu ki ngā wā whakakapinga e matapaetia ana me ngā momo mono mura e tino tika ana mō te whakamahinga o ia rā, mō ngā haerenga roa rānei.
