Te Pūnaha Mamau Taketake me tana Mahi i roto i ngā Waka
He wāhanga nui te pūnaha mamau i roto i te motuka, inā koa ko ērā he tuku ā-ringa. He maha ngā wā ka ahua "koretake" tana mahi nā te mea ka mahi i muri i te tirohanga, engari ki te kore he mamau, e kore e taea e te taraiwa te neke maeneene i ngā taputapu, te whakamutu i te waka me te kore e whakaweto i te miihini, te tīmata rānei i te motuka i te wā e tū ana. Hei mārama he aha te hiranga o te mamau, me titiro tātou ki ngā kaupapa matua o te pūnaha, ōna wāhanga matua, me te mahi a te mamau i te wā e neke ana te motuka.
Te Whakamāramatanga me te Mahi o te Mamau
He māmā noa iho, he tikanga te mamau e hono ana, e momotu ana hoki i te mana hurihuri mai i te miihini ki te tuku hiko. Kei te hurihuri tonu te miihini o te motuka, engari me whiwhi ngā wira me te tuku hiko i taua hurihanga mārire, ā, i runga i te hiahia. Koinei te wāhi e mahi ai te mamau hei "piriti" ka taea te hono me te wetewete.
Ko ngā mahi matua o te pūnaha mamau i roto i te waka ā-ringa ko:
1. Momotuhia te mana o te miihini ki te tuku mō te wā poto kia taea ai te whakawhiti taputapu me te kore e kino ngā taputapu.
2. Whakanuia mārire te mana o te mīhini ina tīmata te neke o te motuka mai i te tū (ka whakaiti i ngā ru).
3. Āwhina i te waka kia mutu me te kore e whakaweto i te mīhini, hei tauira ina tū ana i te rama whero me te taputapu kei te noho kūpapa, te pēhi rānei o te mamau.
4. Ka whakaiti i ngā wiri me ngā ru taipana mai i te mīhini ki te pūnaha taraiwa kia maeneene ake ai te haere.
Ngā Momo Pūmau i roto i ngā Waka
I roto i ngā waka pāhihi, ko te pūnaha tino noa ko te mamau waku, inā koa ko te momo mamau pereti kotahi. Heoi, he maha ngā momo rerekētanga:
– Mamau pereti kotahi: e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā motuka ā-ringa o ēnei rā.
– Mamau maha-pereti: he maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana i runga i ngā motopaika, i ētahi waka mahi rānei nā te mea ka taea e ia te tu atu i te taipana nui i roto i te rahi kiato.
– Mamau aunoa (i runga i te tuku aunoa): e whakamahia ana he kaitahuri taipana, he pūnaha mamau motuhake rānei (hei tauira, ka whakamahia e te DCT he mamau takirua).
E arotahi ana tēnei tuhinga ki te mamau waku pereti kotahi e kitea whānuitia ana i roto i ngā motuka ā-ringa.
Ngā Wāhanga Matua o te Pūnaha Mamau
Hei mahi, he maha ngā wāhanga e hono tahi ana i te mamau:
1. Pātara Mamau
Ko te wāhanga e takahia ana e te taraiwa hei whakahohe i te pūnaha. Ka tukuna te pēhanga o te pēhi mā roto i tētahi pūnaha miihini, taura, waipēhi rānei.
2. Pūnaha Puku Mamau (Taura, Waipēhi rānei)
– Taura mamau: he māmā ake, engari ka tere ake te pakaru me te hiahia kia whakatikatikaina.
– Waipēhi: e whakamahi ana i te rango matua me te rango pononga hei pana i te tikanga mamau; he maeneene ake, he māmā ake hoki.
3. Tukunga Marau (Tukunga Marau)
Ko te rīpene e pana ana i te peera tuku ina pēhia te pētera.
4. Tukunga Whero
He peera e pēhi ana i te puna diaphragm ki te pereti pēhanga. Mā tēnei ka iti te waku e puta ai te pēhanga.
5. Pereti Pēhanga
Ko te wāhanga e piri ana i te arai mamau ki te wira rere. He puna tō te pereti pēhanga (he diaphragm te nuinga) hei whakarato i te kaha piri.
6. Kōpae Mamau
Kua pania te kōpae ki te rauemi waku (ngā paheke) i ngā taha e rua. He spline kei waenganui e hono ana ki te pou whakauru o te tuku. Ina herea, ka huri te kōpae, ka tukuna te taipana ki te tuku.
7. Wīra rere
E whakamau ana ki te porowhita o te miihini, ko te wira rere te mata e uru ai te kōpae mamau me te huri. Ka āwhina hoki ki te pupuri i te hurihanga pumau o te miihini.
8. Paerata/Pūmau (i ētahi hoahoa)
Ka tautoko i te pito o te rakau whakauru tuku kia whakarara ki te rakau miihini, hei āwhina i te pupuri i te hurihanga pumau.
Te Mātāpono Mahi o te Mamau: Te Hononga me te Momotu i te Mana
Ko te kaupapa mahi o te mamau e whakawhirinaki ana ki te waku. Ina mau te kōpae mamau i waenganui i te wira rere me te pereti pēhanga, ka "tukuna" te hurihanga o te miihini ki te kōpae mamau, kātahi ki te pou whakauru tuku, kātahi ki ngā wira mā te raupapa taputapu me te rerekētanga.
I tetahi atu taha, ina kore te kōpae mamau e mau (wetewetehia), ka huri tonu te wira rere me te miihini, engari ka momotu te tuku mai i te pūtake hiko kia taea ai e te taraiwa te neke taputapu me te kore e nui te kawenga taipana.
Te Mahi a te Mamau i roto i ngā Āhuatanga Matua e Toru
1. Āhua o te Hononga o te Mamau (Kua Tukuna te Pātara)
Ina tangohia e te taraiwa te pētera mamau, ka pēhia te kōpae mamau e te puna i runga i te pereti pēhanga ki te wira rere. Ka kiia tēnei ko te āhua e mau ana.
– Ka hurihia e te mīhini te wira rere.
– Ka whakapūmau te wira rere i te kōpae mamau mā te pereti pēhanga.
– Ka hurihia e te kōpae mamau te pou whakauru tuku.
– Ka tukuna te mana ki te taputapu, ki te pou taraiwa (ki te toki rānei), kātahi ka neke ngā wira.
I tēnei āhua, ka "raka" te mamau i te wa e paheke ana. Mēnā kāore e paheke, ka whai hua te whakawhiti mana, ā, ka tere te waka i te ara tika.
2. Kua Momotu te Mamau (Kua Pehia Katoatia te Pātara)
Ina pēhia te pētera mamau, ka tukuna te kaha mai i te pētera mā roto i te taura/waipiro ki te marau tuku. Kātahi ka panaia e te marau tuku te peera tuku, ka pēhia te puna diaphragm i runga i te pereti pēhanga. Mā tēnei ka neke atu te pereti pēhanga i te kōpae mamau, ka whakaiti, ka whakakore rānei i te kaha mamau.
– Kāore te kōpae mamau i piri.
– Kāore te hurihanga o te mīhini e tukuna ki te tuku hiko.
– Kāore he taipana o te tuku hiko kia taea ai te neke maeneene i ngā taputapu.
Ka kiia tēnei āhuatanga ko te disengaged. Ko te tikanga ka pēhia katoatia e ngā taraiwa te mamau ina neke ana ngā taputapu, ina tū rānei.
3. Āhua o te Haurua o te Mamau (Ka Tukuna Āta te Pātara)
Ka puta te hononga haurua-mamau ina tukuna mārire e te taraiwa te pētera, ka tīmata te hononga o te kōpae mamau engari kāore e tino maukati. Ka puta te paheke whakahaere i tēnei wāhanga, ka taurite haere te rerekētanga o te rpm o te miihini me te tuku.
Ngā painga matua:
– Ka taea e te motuka te neke maeneene mai i te tūnga.
– Ka whakaiti i te ru i te tīmatanga.
– He āwhina i te piki (engari me whakamahi tika kia kore ai e tere te tawhito).
Heoi, ki te pupuri pinepine rawa i te mamau ki waenganui, ka tere te wera o te arai mamau, ka pakaru hoki nā te mea ka roa ake te waku.
Pūmau ina neke taputapu
Ko te whakawhiti taputapu i roto i te motuka ā-ringa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mamau hei tukutahi i ngā hurihanga me te haumaru. Ko te tukanga whānui e whai ake nei:
1. Pēhia te pētera mamau → motuhia te mana o te miihini.
2. Ka nekehia e te taraiwa te rīpene tuku → ka whakatauritehia e te synchromesh te hurihanga o te taputapu.
3. Tukua mārire te pētara mamau → kua honoa anō te mana.
Mena kāore te mamau e mahi tika ana (hei tauira, te paheke, te kore rānei e tino wetewete), ka puhoi pea te whakawhiti taputapu, ka rangona pea he tangi "kirī", ka uaua rānei te neke ki te taputapu.
Ngā Tohu Noa o te Rahunga o te Mamau
Mā te mārama ki te mahi a te mamau ka āwhina i te tautuhi wawe i ngā raruraru. Ko ngā tohu noa ko:
– Te paheke o te mamau: ka piki ake te tere o te miihini engari kāore te tere o te motuka i te ōrite, he maha ngā wā ka hongi i te arai mamau e wera ana.
– Mārō, mārō rānei te mamau: tērā pea nā te taura piri, te raruraru waipēhi, te pereti pēhanga hē rānei.
– Te uaua ki te whakauru i te taputapu: kāore te mamau e wetewete katoa, nā te tautuhinga o te pētera pea tēnei, te ngoikore o te puoto matua/pononga, te raru rānei o te peera tuku.
– Te wiri i te wā e tukuna ana te mamau: tērā pea nā te mata o te wira rere kāore i te ōrite, te kakahu kāore i te ōrite o te arai mamau, te raruraru rānei o te maunga miihini/tuku.
– Te haruru ina pēhia te pētera: he maha ngā wā e pā ana ki te peera tuku.
Ngā Tikanga Taraiwa e Roa Ake ai te Ora o tō Mamau
Hei ārai i te tere o te pakaru o te mamau:
– Kaua e pupuri roa rawa i te mamau i waenganui, inā koa i ngā puke.
Kaua e "whakairi" tō waewae ki te pētera mamau i a koe e eke ana (e eke ana i te mamau).
– Whakamahia te taputapu tika, ā, karohia te whakaterenga ohorere ina kore te mamau e tino mau.
– Me whakarite kei te tiakina te pūnaha waipēhi (mēnā he pūnaha waipēhi), ā, kia kaua e iti te wai.
Te Katinga
Mā te pūnaha mamau i roto i te motuka tuku ā-ringa ka hono, ka momotu hoki i te mana i waenga i te miihini me te tuku mā te whakamahi i te waku i waenga i te wira rere, te kōpae mamau, me te pereti pēhanga. Mā te pūnaha pētera, te peera tuku, me te puna diaphragm, ka taea e te mamau te tere ake i te motuka mai i te tūnga, te neke maeneene i ngā taputapu, me te mutu me te kore e whakaweto i te miihini. Mā te mārama ki ngā kaupapa matua o tana mahi me ngā tikanga whakamahi tika, ka taea e ngā taraiwa te pupuri i te mahi mamau tino pai me te whakaroa i tōna roanga ora.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te haere tonu me tētahi putanga hangarau ake (hei tauira, te tatau paheke, te kaha o te taipana mamau, te rerekētanga rānei i waenga i ngā wira rere papatipu-kotahi me ngā wira rere papatipu-rua) ka taea rānei e au te hanga i tētahi tuhinga motuhake mō te tautuhi i te paheke o te mamau me ōna take.
