Te Whakamahinga o te Hangarau GIS i roto i te Anthropology
I tēnei ao hou, kei te tere haere te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ā, kei te awe tonu i ngā momo mara o te pūtaiao, tae atu ki te mātauranga tangata. Ko tētahi hangarau e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te mātauranga tangata ko te Pūnaha Mōhiohio Matawhenua (GIS). Ko te GIS he pūnaha i hangaia hei hopu, hei penapena, hei whakahaere, hei tātari, hei whakahaere, hei whakaatu i ngā momo raraunga matawhenua katoa. He maha ngā painga o te whakamahinga o te hangarau GIS i roto i te mātauranga tangata, ā, ka huaki i ngā whai wāhitanga hou mō te mārama ki te wāhi me te wā i roto i ngā horopaki ahurea me te pāpori.
He Kupu Whakataki ki te GIS
I te nuinga o te wā, ko te mahi a te GIS he whakauru i ngā momo raraunga matawhenua. Mā te whakakotahi i ngā raraunga mai i ngā momo puna pēnei i ngā mapi, ngā whakaahua amiorangi, me ngā raraunga mara, ka taea e te GIS te tautuhi i ngā tauira, ngā whanaungatanga, me ngā au o ngā raraunga ā-wāhi. Ka taea te whakaatu i tēnei huinga i roto i te ahua o ngā mapi taunekeneke me ngā mapi hihiri, hei āwhina i te tātari me te whakamaori raraunga.
Ngā Taupānga GIS i roto i te Anthropology
1. Mahere Whenua Tūturu
Ko tētahi o ngā whakamahinga rongonui o te GIS i roto i te mātauranga tangata ko te mahere whenua. He maha ngā wāhi whenua kua marara noa atu, ā, he uaua ki te uru atu. Mā te āwhina o te GIS, ka taea e ngā tohunga whenua te mahere i ngā wāhi o ngā wāhi, ngā taonga tuku iho, me ngā hanganga me te tino tika, me te whakahaere i ēnei raraunga i roto i te tūāpapa kotahi, kua whakauruhia. Mā tēnei ka taea te tātari ā-wāhi uaua ake pērā i te tautuhi i ngā tauira noho tangata puta noa i ngā wā o mua, te aromatawai rānei i te pānga o te taiao ki te whanaketanga ahurea.
2. Tātari Tauira Nohoanga
He maha ngā wā ka rangahauhia e ngā tohunga tātai tangata ngā tauira noho me te whanaungatanga o ngā hapori ki ō rātou taiao. Mā te GIS ka taea e ngā kairangahau te tātari i te tohatoha whenua o ngā noho tangata me ngā tauira whakamahinga whenua. Ka taea te whakakotahi i ēnei raraunga me ētahi atu mōhiohio pēnei i te taupori, te ōhanga, me te hītori hei whakawhanake i tētahi māramatanga whānui ake mō ngā whanaketanga pāpori me te ahurea.
3. Ngā Rangahau Huringa Taiao
Kua noho te mahana o te ao me te huringa āhuarangi hei kaupapa matua o ngā rangahau i ngā tekau tau tata nei. Ka taea te whakamahi i te GIS hei aroturuki i ngā huringa taiao me te aromatawai i ō rātou pānga ki ngā hapori ahurea. Hei tauira, mā te mahere i ngā huringa o ngā takutai moana, ngā taumata o te moana, me te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere, ka taea e ngā tohunga tātai tangata te mārama ki te pānga o ēnei huringa ki ngā oranga, ngā tauira hekenga, me ngā whanonga tangata.
4. Te Tuhituhi me te Tiaki i te Taonga Tuku Iho
He wāhanga nui o te mātauranga tangata te tiaki i ngā taonga tuku iho ahurea. Mā te GIS ka taea te tuhi taipitopito me te tika o ngā wāhi tawhito me ngā taonga tuku iho ahurea. Ka taea te whakamahi i ēnei mapi matihiko mō te whakamahere tiaki me te whakaora, me te whakamahi anō hoki hei taputapu mātauranga mō te marea me ngā tūruhi.
5. Rangahau Iwi-ā-Iwi
Ko te etnografi te ako hōhonu i te ahurea o tētahi hapori mā te tirotiro tika, whai wāhi hoki. Ka taea e te GIS te āwhina i te penapena me te tātari i ngā raraunga etnografi, pērā i te tohatoha o ngā mahi ahurea, ngā kawa rānei, kia māmā ake ai mā ngā kairangahau te whakatau i ngā whanaungatanga ā-wāhi i waenga i te ahurea me ngā whanonga.
6. Te Whakaranutanga Ahurea me te Hekenga
He hiahia anō hoki tō te mātauranga tangata ki ngā tukanga o te whakakotahitanga ahurea me te hekenga. Mā te whakamahi i te GIS, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te whai i ngā nekehanga taupori me ngā rerenga ahurea mai i tētahi wāhi ki tētahi atu, me te tātari i te awe o te whakapā ahurea ki te whanaketanga pāpori me te ahurea o ia hapori.
Ngā Painga o te Whakamahi i te GIS i roto i te Anthropology
Akurasi dan Presisi
Mā te GIS ka taea te rangahau tika ake, ā, ka tika ake. Mā ngā raraunga taipitopito me ngā mahere matatau, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te whiwhi i tētahi pikitia mārama ake mō ā rātou wāhi rangahau. Ko te iti o ngā hapa i roto i te mahere me te tātari he mea nui pea i roto i ngā rangahau whaipara tangata, i ngā rangahau huringa taiao rānei.
Whakaurunga Raraunga Maha-mātauranga
Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o te GIS ko tōna kaha ki te whakauru i ngā raraunga mai i ngā momo marautanga. I roto i te horopaki o te mātauranga tangata, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te whakakotahi i ngā mōhiohio mai i te whenua, te taiao, te hītori, me te pāpori kia whiwhi ai i tētahi tirohanga whānui ake ki tētahi āhuatanga.
Whakaaturanga Raraunga
Ko te kaha ki te whakaatu i ngā raraunga i roto i te āhua o ngā mapi taunekeneke tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino whakamīharo o te GIS. Mā te mahere ka taea e ngā kairangahau me te marea whānui te mārama ake ki ngā mōhiohio uaua me te kite i ngā whanaungatanga ā-wāhi e kore pea e kitea mai i ngā raraunga kore-ā-wāhi.
Tātaritanga Wāhi Matatau
Mā te GIS ka taea te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tātari ā-wāhi matatau hei whakahohe i ngā momo tātaritanga, pērā i te tātari tata-māero-muri, te tātari whatunga, me te tātari rōpū. He tino āwhina tēnei i roto i ngā rangahau e hiahia ana kia mārama hohonu ki ngā whanaungatanga ā-wāhi.
Te Tiaki Mamati
Ka whai wāhi atu hoki te whakamahinga o te GIS ki te tiaki matihiko i ngā raraunga ahurea me ngā raraunga hītori. Mā te pupuri matihiko ka taea te tiaki i ēnei mōhiohio i roto i te wā, ā, ka taea hoki te uru atu ki ngā whakatipuranga o muri mai.
Ngā Wero i te Whakamahinga o te GIS i roto i te Anthropology
Ngā Herenga Hangarau me ngā Rauemi
Ko te whakatinanatanga o te GIS me whai pūmanawa me taputapu matatau, me ngā pūkenga hangarau motuhake. Kāore e taea e ngā whare rangahau katoa, e ngā kairangahau takitahi rānei te uru atu ki tēnei hangarau, te kaha rānei ki te whakahaere pai i tēnei hangarau.
Ngā Raraunga Whenua Iti
Ahakoa he taputapu kaha te GIS, ko tōna whai huatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wātea o ngā raraunga matawhenua tika. I ētahi rohe, inā koa i ngā whenua kāore i te tino whanake, tera pea kāore e wātea, he uaua rānei te uru atu ki ngā raraunga ā-wāhi e tika ana.
Ngā Tikanga Matatika me te Matatapu
I roto i te rangahau tangata, he mea nui ngā whakaaro matatika. Ka ara ake pea ngā take mō te tūmataitinga me ngā mana whenua i te whakamahinga o te GIS. Me tūpato ngā kairangahau i te whakahaere i ngā raraunga tairongo, me te whakarite kia mahi tahi rātou me te whakaae me te mahi tahi a ngā hapori o te rohe.
Whakamutunga
He taputapu tino nui te hangarau GIS i roto i te rangahau tangata o ēnei rā. Nā ōna āheinga matatau ki te hopu, ki te whakahaere, me te tātari raraunga matawhenua, ka whakatuwherahia e te GIS ngā whai wāhitanga hou mō te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga ā-wāhi o te oranga tangata. Ahakoa he wero kei te whakatinanatanga, he nui ngā painga e tukuna ana e tēnei hangarau, mai i te mahere whenua ki te tiaki i ngā taonga tuku iho ahurea. I roto i tētahi ao uaua haere, hono tonu hoki, ko te whakamahinga o te GIS i roto i te mātauranga tangata ehara i te mea ka whakarei ake i te rangahau engari ka āwhina hoki ki te tiaki i ngā taonga tuku iho ahurea me te mārama ki ngā huringa o te ao pāpori.
