Nā ʻano like ʻole o nā pua a me nā holoholona o Indonesia
ʻO Indonesia, ka ʻāina pae ʻāina nui loa o ka honua, ʻaʻole wale no kona moʻomeheu waiwai a me nā ʻano lāhui like ʻole, akā no kona ʻano kupaianaha o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. Hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia me kahi kūlana honua koʻikoʻi ma ka equator a ma waena o ʻelua mau ʻāina nui, ʻo ʻAsia a me Australia, haʻaheo ʻo Indonesia i nā ʻano ʻōnaehana ola like ʻole, mai nā mokupuni pele a hiki i nā ululāʻau ululāʻau mānoanoa. ʻO kēia ʻano like ʻole e hoʻolilo iā Indonesia i hoʻokahi o nā ʻāina megabiodiversity koʻikoʻi o ka honua.
1. ʻAno like ʻole o nā pua
Aia ma Indonesia he ʻoi aku ma mua o 17.000 mau mokupuni i pālahalaha ʻia mai Sabang a i Merauke, kēlā me kēia me kona mau kūlana kaiapuni kū hoʻokahi. ʻO ka hopena kēia i kahi ʻano like ʻole o nā mea kanu. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia ma mua o 30.000 mau ʻano mea kanu i loaʻa ma Indonesia, he nui o ia mau mea he endemic, a i ʻole i loaʻa ʻole ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua.
ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona kaulana loa o nā mea kanu Indonesia ʻo ia ka Rafflesia arnoldii, ka pua nui loa o ka honua, i loaʻa i loko o nā ululāʻau o Sumatra. Hiki i kēia pua ke ulu a hiki i hoʻokahi mika ke anawaena a he ʻala ʻawaʻawa kona, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo "ka pua kupapaʻu."
Ma waho aʻe o Rafflesia, ua waiwai nui ʻo Indonesia i nā ʻano ʻokika, me nā tausani o nā ʻano like ʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia ma ka pae ʻāina. ʻO ka ʻokika mahina (Phalaenopsis amabilis), ka pua aupuni, ua kaulana ʻia no kona nani a me kona nāwaliwali.
ʻO nā ululāʻau ulu lāʻau wela o Indonesia kekahi home o nā ʻano lāʻau paʻakikī waiwai nui, e like me ka teak, meranti, a me ka ironwood. ʻAʻole wale kēia mau lāʻau he mea nui i ka hoʻokele waiwai kūloko akā he kuleana koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi i loko o ka ʻōnaehana ola ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi noho no nā ʻano holoholona he nui.
2. Nā ʻAno like ʻole o nā holoholona
Ma waho aʻe o nā mea kanu, ʻo nā holoholona o Indonesia kekahi o nā mea like ʻole o ka honua. Loaʻa ma mua o 1.700 mau ʻano manu, 500 mau ʻano mammal, a me nā mea kolo he nui, nā amphibians, a me nā pepeke ma Indonesia. Aia kēia ʻāina ma kahi hui o nā holoholona ʻAsia a me Australia, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Wallace Line, e hopena ana i kahi hui kū hoʻokahi o nā ʻano.
ʻO nā holoholona laha ʻole e like me ka moʻo Komodo, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka moʻo nui loa o ka honua, he mau lālā kaulana ia o nā holoholona o Indonesia. Loaʻa wale nō ma kekahi mau mokupuni, me Komodo lāua ʻo Rinca ma ka moku ʻo East Nusa Tenggara, huki nā moʻo Komodo i nā mākaʻikaʻi a me nā mea noiʻi mai nā wahi a puni o ka honua.
ʻO ka mammal nui loa o Indonesia ʻo ia ka ʻelepani Sumatran, kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi o ka ʻelepani ʻĀsia, ka mea i hoʻoweliweli ʻia i kēia manawa e ka nalowale ʻana o ka nohona a me ka ʻaihue holoholona. Pēlā nō, ke kū nei nā orangutans Sumatran a me Bornean i nā hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi mai ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka nahele. Ke hoʻomau nei nā hana mālama i ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau ʻano, ʻoiai ke mau nei nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.
Ma ka hikina o Indonesia, ʻike mākou i ke kangaroo lāʻau laha ʻole, he hōʻike hou aʻe ia o ka hui pū ʻana o nā holoholona o Australasia. He laʻana kupaianaha kēia o ke ʻano o ka noho kaʻawale ʻāina a me nā wahi kūlohelohe waiwai e hoʻokumu ai i nā ʻano like ʻole.
3. Nā Pilikia a me ka Mālama ʻana
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻoiai kona waiwai nui i nā ʻano like ʻole, ke kū nei ʻo Indonesia i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i kāna mau mea kanu a me nā holoholona. ʻO ka luku wikiwiki ʻana i nā wahi olaola, nā ahi ululāʻau, ka ʻaihue holoholona, a me ka loli o ke aniau he mau hoʻoweliweli nui ia i nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole. ʻO nā hana a ke kanaka e hoʻokuke ana i nā palena kūlohelohe e hopena pinepine i ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā wahi noho koʻikoʻi.
Ke emi koke nei nā ululāʻau o Indonesia, me nā miliona hectares e ʻoki ʻia ana i kēlā me kēia makahiki no nā mahi ʻaila pama, ka mahiʻai, a me nā pono hoʻomohala ʻē aʻe. He mea nui nā hoʻoikaika e paipai i ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau a hoʻokō i nā lula koʻikoʻi e kūʻē i nā hana luku.
ʻAʻole wale ke kuleana o ke aupuni ka mālama ʻana, akā, o nā kaiāulu kūloko a me nā hui honua pū kekahi. ʻO ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke kaiāulu e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka mālama ʻana i nā wahi noho kūlohelohe he mau ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia o nā hoʻolālā mālama. Ua hoʻokomo kekahi mau papahana holomua i nā kaiāulu kūloko i nā hana mālama, e hāʻawi ana i nā ola ʻē aʻe a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā hana hōʻino i ke kaiapuni.
4. Manaʻo
ʻO nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole a me nā holoholona o Indonesia kekahi o nā waiwai nui loa o ka lāhui, e hāʻawi ana i nā pono kūlohelohe, hoʻokele waiwai, a me nā moʻomeheu kupaianaha. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mālama ʻana iā ia e pono ai ka hana like ʻana mai ke aupuni, ke kaiāulu, a me nā mea kuleana āpau. Me ka hana kūpono a me ke kūpaʻa ikaika, loaʻa iā Indonesia ka hiki ke lilo i alakaʻi honua i ka mālama ʻana i ka biodiversity, e hōʻoia ana e hiki ke hauʻoli ʻia ka nani kūlohelohe a me ke ʻano kū hoʻokahi o kāna mau mea kanu a me nā holoholona e nā hanauna e hiki mai ana.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka biodiversity ʻo ia hoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ko kākou hoʻoilina kūlohelohe waiwai nui, he mea nui ia ʻaʻole wale no nā kaiaola kūloko akā no ke kaulike kaiaola honua. No laila, pono nā ʻanuʻu a me nā hana paʻa e hoʻoponopono ai i nā hoʻoweliweli kaiapuni no kahi wā e hiki mai ana ʻoi aku ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hoʻomau no Indonesia a me ke ao nei.
