18 mau laʻana o nā nīnau kānāwai kinoea kūpono
1. ʻO kahi kinoea kūpono i loko o kahi ākea i ka wā mua he nui ka nui V a me ka mahana T. Inā hoʻomehana ʻia ke kinoea i loli ka mahana i 5/4 T a loli ke kaomi i 2P a laila loli ka nui o ke kinoea i...
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nui mua (V1) = V
Mahana mua (T1) = T
Mahana hope loa (T2) = 5/4 T
Kaomi mua (P1) = P
Kaomi hope loa (P2) = 2P
Ua nīnau ʻia : Ka leo hope loa (V2)
Pane :
Hoʻololi ka nui o ke kinoea i 5/8 manawa o ka nui mua.
2. ʻO ka nui o 2 moles o ke kinoea ma ka mahana a me ke kaomi maʻamau (STP) he…
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Helu o nā mole o ke kinoea (n) = 2 mole
Mahana maʻamau (T) = 0 oC = 0 + 273 = 273 Kelvin
Kaomi maʻamau (P) = 1 atm = 1,013 x 105 Pascal
ʻO ke kūpaʻa kinoea honua (R) = 8,315 Joules/mol.Kelvin
Ua nīnau ʻia Ka nui o ke kinoea (V)
Pane :
Ke Kānāwai Kinoea Kūpono (ma ka helu o nā mole, n)
ʻO ka nui o 2 moles o ke kinoea he 44,8 lita.
ʻO ka nui o 1 mole o ke kinoea he 45,4 lita / 2 = 22,4 lita.
No laila, ʻo ka nui o 1 mole o ke kinoea, inā he oxygen a he helium a he argon a i ʻole kekahi kinoea ʻē aʻe, he 22,4 lita.
3. 4 lita o ke kinoea oxygen ma ka mahana o 27°C ma ke kaomi o 2 atm (1 atm = 105 Aia ʻo Pa) i loko o kahi pahu. Inā ʻo ke kūpaʻa kinoea honua R = 8,314 J.mol-1.K-1 a me ka helu N o AvogadroA 6,02 m 1023 nā molekala, a laila ʻo ka helu o nā molekala kinoea oxygen i loko o ka pahu he...
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nui o ke kinoea (V) = 4 lita = 4 dm3 = 4x10-3 m3
Mahana kinoea (T) = 27oC = 27 + 273 = 300 Kelvin
Kaomi kinoea (P) = 2 atm = 2 x 105 Pascal
ʻO ke kūpaʻa kinoea honua (R) = 8,314 J.mol-1.K-1
Ka Helu o Avogadro (NA) = 6,02 x 1023
Ua nīnau ʻia : Ka helu o nā molekole kinoea oxygen i loko o ka ipu (N)
Pane :
ʻO ke kūpaʻa o Boltzmann :
Ke Kānāwai Kinoea Kūpono (ma ka helu o nā molekole, N)
I loko o 1 mole o ke kinoea oxygen, aia he 1,93 x 1023 nā molekole oxygen.
4. He 2 m ka nui o kahi ipu e loaʻa ana ke kinoea neon (Ne, nuipa atomika = 20 u) ma ka mahana a me ke kaomi maʻamau (STP)3E hoʻoholo i ka nui o ke kinoea neon!
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nuipaʻa ʻātoma neon = 20 grams/mol = 0,02 kg/mol
Mahana maʻamau (T) = 0oC = 273 Kelvin
Kaomi maʻamau (P) = 1 atm = 1,013 x 105 Pascal
Ka nui (V) = 2 m3
Ua nīnau ʻia : ka nuipa (m) o ke kinoea neon
Pane :
Ma ka mahana a me ke kaomi maʻamau (STP), ʻo 1 mole o kekahi kinoea, me ke kinoea neon, he 22,4 lita ka nui = 22,4 dm3 = 0,0448 m3. No laila, i loko o ka nui o 2 m3 Ehia mau mole o ke kinoea neon i laila?
Ma kahi nui o 2 m3 aia he 44,6 moles o ke kinoea neon.
ʻO ke kaumaha atomika pili o ke kinoea neon he 20 grams/mol. ʻO ia hoʻi, aia i loko o 1 mole he 20 grams a i ʻole 0,02 kg o ke kinoea neon. No ka mea, aia i loko o 1 mole he 0,02 kg o ke kinoea neon, aia i loko o 44,6 moles (44,6 moles)(0,02 kg/mol) = 0,892 kg = 892 grams o ke kinoea neon.
5. Nā Nīnau Hoʻokolohua Lahui SMA/MA 2017 Helu 22
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kinoea kūpono i loko o kahi pahu pani, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kona nui i ka hapalua ma kahi mahana mau. ʻO ke kaomi kinoea i kēia manawa…
A. 4 mau manawa kumu
B. ʻelua manawa hou
C. 1 manawa kumu
D. 1/2 manawa o ke kumu mua
E. 1/4 o ke kumu
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
Ka nui mua = V
Ka nui hope loa = 1/2 V
Kaomi mua = P
Mahana mau
Nīnau ʻia: Kaomi hope loa
Pane:
P 1 V 1 / T 1 = P 2 V 2 / T 2 —–> Paʻa ka mahana (T)
P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2
P V = P 2 (1/2 V)
P = P 2 (1/2)
2P = P2
Hoʻonui pālua ke kaomi kinoea.
ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo B.
6. Nīnau Hoʻokolohua Lahui SMA/MA Physics 2015/2016 Helu 21
E hoʻolohe pono i ka ʻōlelo ma lalo nei!
(1) Ke neʻe mau nei kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i kahi kuhikuhi kikoʻī
(2) Ua hohola like ʻia nā ʻāpana kinoea ma loko o ka lumi.
(3) Hiki ke hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ka nui o nā ʻāpana kinoea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka nui o ka ipu.
(4) ʻO kēlā me kēia kuʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana kinoea e hana ʻia ana he elastic kūpono.
(5) Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka ikaika hoʻowalewale ma waena o nā ʻāpana.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo e pili ana i nā ʻano o nā kinoea kūpono ʻo…
A. (1) a me (3) wale nō
B. (2) a me (4) wale nō
C. (1), (2) a me (3) wale nō
D. (2), (3) a me (4)
E. (3), (4) a me (5)
Pahana
ʻO nā ʻōlelo kūpono 1, 2, 3, 4.
7. Nīnau Hoʻokolohua Lahui SMA/MA Physics 2015/2016 Helu 21
Aia ma lalo nā mea e pili ana i ke kinoea:
(1) Neʻe nā ʻāpana o ka mea ma kahi laina pololei ma ka wikiwiki mau me ka ʻole o ka manawa.
(2) ʻO nā kuʻi ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāpana e lilo ai ka ikehu o nā ʻāpana.
(3) Ua hohola like ʻia nā ʻāpana kinoea ma loko o ka lumi.
(4) Pili wale nā kānāwai neʻe o Newton i nā ʻāpana kinoea monatomic.
(5) He pōkole loa ka manawa e pono ai no nā kuʻi ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāpana.
Mai kēia mau ʻōlelo, ʻo nā waiwai o nā kinoea kūpono e komo pū me ...
A. (1), (2), (5)
B. (1), (3), (5)
C. (2), (3), (4)
D. (2), (4), (5)
E. (3), (4), (5)
Pahana
ʻO nā ʻōlelo pololei 1, 3, 5.
ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo B.
8. Nīnau Hoʻokolohua Lahui SMA/MA Physics 2015/2016 Helu 21
(1) Aia ke kinoea i nā ʻāpana i hoʻolaha like ʻia.
(2) He elastic kūpono ke kuʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana me nā paia.
(3) He pōkole loa ka manawa ma waena o nā kuʻi ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāpana.
(4) He nui loa ka nui o ke kinoea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ipu i loko.
(5) ʻAʻole pili nā kānāwai o Newton i nā molekala no ka mea he liʻiliʻi loa ko lākou nui.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo kūpono…
A. (1), (2), a me (3)
B. (1), (2), a me (4)
C. (1), (3), a me (5)
D. (2), (3), a me (5)
E. (3, (4), a me (5)
Pahana
ʻO nā ʻōlelo pololei 1, 2, 3.
ʻO A ka pane pololei.
9. Nīnau Hoʻokolohua Lahui SMA/MA Physics 2015/2016 Helu 22
I ka wā mua, noho kahi kinoea kūpono i kahi ākea me ka nui V ma kahi mahana T a me ke kaomi P. Inā hoʻomehana ʻia ke kinoea i lilo kona mahana i 3/2 T a me kona kaomi 4/3 P, a laila lilo ka nui o ke kinoea...
A. 9/8 V
B. 9/5 V
C. 5/3 V
D. 4/3 V
E. 3/2 V
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nui mua (V 1 ) = V
Ka mahana mua (T 1 ) = T
Kaomi mua (P 1 ) = P
Mahana hope loa (T 2 ) = 3/2 T
Kaomi hope loa (P 2 ) = 4/3 P
Nīnau : Ka puke hope loa (V 2 )
Pane :
ʻO A ka pane pololei.
10. Nīnau Hoʻokolohua Lahui SMA/MA Physics 2015/2016 Helu 22
Noho kahi kinoea kūpono i kahi ākea me ka nui V 1 ma kahi mahana T 1 a me ke kaomi P 1. A laila ua hoʻomehana ʻia i lilo ka nui o ke kinoea i 4/3 V 1 a lilo ke kaomi i 5/2 P 1. ʻO ka lakio o ka mahana kinoea hope loa i ke kinoea mua…
A. 10 : 5
B. 10 : 3
K. 5 : 10
D. 3 : 10
E. 1 : 8
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nui mua = V 1
Mahana mua = T 1
Kaomi mua = P 1
Ka nui hope loa = 4/3 V 1
Kaomi hope loa = 5/2 P 1
Nīnau ʻia : Hoʻohālikelike o ka mahana hope loa a me ka mahana mua
Pane :
E helu i ka mahana hope loa:
ʻO ka pane pololei ʻo B.
11. He 3 lita o ke kinoea Argon ma ka mahana o 27°C ma ke kaomi o 1 atm (1 atm = 10 5 Pa) i loko o kahi paipu. Inā ʻo ke kūpaʻa kinoea maʻamau R = 8,314 J.mol −1 .K −1 a ʻo ka helu o nā ʻāpana i loko o 1 mole o ke kinoea he 6,02 x 10 23 mau ʻāpana, a laila ʻo ka helu o nā ʻāpana kinoea Argon i loko o ka paipu he…..
A. 0,83 x 10 23 mau ʻāpana
B. 0,72 x 10 23 mau ʻāpana
C. 0,42 x 10 23 mau ʻāpana
D. 0,22 x 10 23 mau ʻāpana
E. 0,12 x 10 23 mau ʻāpana
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Ka nui o ke kinoea = 3 lita = 3 dm3 = 3 x 10 -3 m3
Mahana kinoea = 27 o C + 273 = 300 K
Kaomi kinoea = 1 atm = 10 5 Pa
ʻO ke kūpaʻa kinoea honua (R) = 8,314 J.mol −1 .K −1
Ka helu o Avogadro (N A ) = 6,02 x 10 23 mau molekala/mol
Nīnau : ehia mau ʻāpana kinoea argon i loko o ka ʻōmole?
Pane :
12. Aia kahi kinoea kūpono i loko o kahi ipu pani me ke kaomi P, ka nui V, a me ka mahana T. Inā i kekahi manawa ua hoʻololi ʻia ka mahana i 2T, a me ka nui i 3/2 V, a laila ʻo ka lakio o ke kaomi mua (P 1 ) i ke kaomi hope loa (P 2 ) ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻia ʻana o V a me T….
A. 1 : 3
B. 1 : 2
K. 2 : 3
D. 3 : 4
E. 4 : 3
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
Kaomi mua (P 1 ) = P
Ka nui mua (V 1 ) = V
Ka nui hope loa (V 2 ) = 3/2 V
Ka mahana mua (T 1 ) = T
Mahana hope loa (T 2 ) = 2T
Makemake ʻia: Hoʻohālikelike o ke kaomi mua (P 1 ) a me ke kaomi hope loa (P 2 )
Pane:
Hoʻohālikelike o ke kaomi mua a me ke kaomi hope:
P 1 : P 2
P: 4P/3
1: 4/3
3 (1) : (3) 4/3
3: 4
ʻO D ka pane pololei.
13. Aia ke kinoea oxygen me ka nui V, ka mahana T, a me ke kaomi P i loko o kahi cylinder i pani ʻia e kahi valve. Ke kaomi ʻia ka valve, lilo ka nui o ka oxygen i 3/4 V a lilo ka mahana i 3/2 T, a laila ʻo ka lakio o ke kaomi mua a me ke kaomi hope o ke kinoea….
A. P 1 : P 2 = 1 : 2
B. P 1 : P 2 = 2 : 3
C. P 1 : P 2 = 3 : 2
D. P 1 : P 2 = 3 : 4
E. P 1 : P 2 = 4 : 3
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
Kaomi mua (P 1 ) = P
Ka nui mua (V 1 ) = V
Ka nui hope loa (V 2 ) = 3/4 V
Ka mahana mua (T 1 ) = T
Mahana hope loa (T 2 ) = 3/2 T
Makemake ʻia: Hoʻohālikelike o ke kaomi mua (P 1 ) a me ke kaomi hope loa (P 2 )
Pane:
Hoʻohālikelike o ke kaomi mua a me ke kaomi hope:
P 1 : P 2
1: 2
ʻO A ka pane pololei.
14. E nānā i ka pakuhi o ka pilina ma waena o ka nui ( ρ) a me ka nui (V) o nā kinoea like ʻole ma lalo!
ʻO kahi pālua o nā kinoea me ka nui like he…
Pahana
Haʻilula mānoanoa:
Ka nuipaʻa ( ρ ) = ka nuipaʻa (m) / ka nui (V)
Mass (m) = density ( ρ) x Volume (V)
1) m = (0,8)(2) = 1,6 kg
2) m = (0,8)(4) = 3,2 kg
3) m = (0,4)(4) = 1,6 kg
4) m = (0,4)(5) = 2 kg
5) m = (0,8)(5) = 4 kg
ʻO ka hui o nā kinoea i loaʻa ka nuipa like he 1 a me 3.
15. Aia kahi kinoea kūpono i loko o kahi ipu pani me ke kaomi P, ka nui V, a me ka mahana T. Inā i kekahi manawa ua hoʻololi ʻia ka mahana i 2T, a me ka nui i 3/2 V, a laila ʻo ka lakio o ke kaomi mua (P 1 ) i ke kaomi hope loa (P 2 ) ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻia ʻana o V a me T….
A. 1 : 3
B. 1 : 2
K. 2 : 3
D. 3 : 4
E. 4 : 3
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
Kaomi mua (P1) = P
Ka nui mua (V1) = V
Ka leo hope loa (V2) = 3/2 V
Mahana mua (T1) = T
Mahana hope loa (T2) = 2T
Nīnau ʻia: Hoʻohālikelike o ke kaomi mua (P1) a me ke kaomi hope loa (P2)
Pane:
Hoʻohālikelike o ke kaomi mua a me ke kaomi hope:
P1 :P2
P: 4P/3
1: 4/3
3 (1) : (3) 4/3
3: 4
ʻO D ka pane pololei.
16. Aia ke kinoea oxygen me ka nui V, ka mahana T, a me ke kaomi P i loko o kahi cylinder i pani ʻia e kahi valve. Ke kaomi ʻia ka valve, lilo ka nui o ka oxygen i 3/4 V a lilo ka mahana i 3/2 T, a laila ʻo ka lakio o ke kaomi mua a me ke kaomi hope o ke kinoea….
A.P.1 :P2 = 1 : 2
B.P1 :P2 = 2 : 3
ʻO C. P1 :P2 = 3 : 2
D.P.1 :P2 = 3 : 4
E.P.1 :P2 = 4 : 3
Pahana
Ua ʻike ʻia:
Kaomi mua (P1) = P
Ka nui mua (V1) = V
Ka leo hope loa (V2) = 3/4 V
Mahana mua (T1) = T
Mahana hope loa (T2) = 3/2 T
Nīnau ʻia: Hoʻohālikelike o ke kaomi mua (P1) a me ke kaomi hope loa (P2)
Pane:
Hoʻohālikelike o ke kaomi mua a me ke kaomi hope:
P1 :P2
P: 2P
1: 2
ʻO A ka pane pololei.
17. 2 lita o ke kinoea oxygen (O2) mahana 30 oC ma ke kaomi o 1 atm (1 atm = 105 Aia ʻo Pa) i loko o kahi paipu. Inā ʻo ke kūpaʻa kinoea honua, ʻo R = 8,314 J mol-1 K-1 a ʻo ka helu o nā molekala i loko o 1 mole o ke kinoea he 6,02 x 1023 nā molekala, a laila ka helu o nā molekala kinoea oxygen (O2) i loko o ka ʻōmole…
A. 0,8 x 1023 molekole
B. 0,7 x 1023 molekole
C. 0,5 x 1023 molekole
D. 0,2 x 1023 molekole
E. 0,1 x 1023 molekole
Kūkākūkā:
Ua ʻike ʻia :
VO2 = 2 lita = 2 dm3 = 2x10-3 m3
T = 30 + 273 = 303 K
PHoku Welowelo = 105 Pa = 105 M / m2
NA = 6,02x1023 nā molekala/mol (Helu o Avogadro)
R = 8,314 J mol-1 K-1
k = R/NA = 8,314/6,02 x 1023 = 1,38x10-23 J/K
Ka nuipa molekole o O2 = 32 grams/mol = 32 kg/mol
Ua nīnau ʻia :
ʻO ka helu o nā molekala kinoea oxygen (O2)
Pane :
PV = NkT
Wehewehe: P = kaomi, V = ka nui, N = helu o nā molekala, k = Boltzmann mau
(105 M / m2)(2 x 10-3 m3) = N(1,38 x 10-23 J/K)(303 K)
ʻO C ka pane pololei.
18. Ka nui o 2 grams o ke kinoea oxygen O2 (Mr = 32) ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau (T = 0 oʻO C a me P = 1 atm) ʻo ia…. R = 8,314 J/mol K, 1 atm = 105 ʻO Pa)…
A. 1,4 m3
B. 2,0 m3
C. 2,3 m3
D. 2,5 m3
E. 3,0 m3
Kūkākūkā:
Ua ʻike ʻia :
Mass O2 = 2 grama
Ka nuipa molekole (Mr) O2 = 32 grams/mol
T = 0 + 273 = 273 K
P=105 M / m2
R = 8.314 J/mol K
Ua nīnau ʻia :
Ka leo?
Pane :
Puna nīnau:
Nā Nīnau Hoʻokolohua Lahui no ke Kino no ke Kula Kiʻekiʻe/Kula Kiʻekiʻe ʻOihana
