I-Sociology

Isenzakalo Sokuncishiswa Kwabantu Basemakhaya kanye Nomthelela Waso Esakhiweni Somphakathi Ukuncishiswa kwabantu basemakhaya ukuncipha kancane kancane noma okukhulu kwabantu basemakhaya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lesi simo senzeka emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-Indonesia, njengoba izakhiwo zezomnotho, izindlela zomsebenzi, izifiso zemfundo, kanye nezintandokazi zendlela yokuphila zishintsha. Njengoba abantu—ikakhulukazi intsha—beshiya izindawo zasemakhaya beya emadolobheni, emadolobhaneni… Funda kabanzi

Umthelela Wezenhlalo Enqubweni Yezempilo Yomphakathi Impilo yomphakathi ivame ukuqondwa njengendaba yezokwelapha: ukuvimbela izifo, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo, ukugoma, kanye nokukhuthaza izindlela zokuphila ezinempilo. Kodwa-ke, ngale kwezibalo zezifo kanye neziqondiso zemitholampilo kukhona iqiniso elibanzi: impilo yabantu ithonywa kakhulu yizinhlaka zomphakathi, amasiko, kanye nezomnotho, kanye nobudlelwano bamandla. Yilapho izenhlalo idlala khona indima ebalulekile. Izenhlalo ziyasiza… Funda kabanzi

Izinhlobo Zokucwaswa Ngokobulili Emphakathini Ukucwaswa ngokobulili ukuphathwa kabi komuntu ngokusekelwe ekuzibonakaliseni kwakhe ngokobulili—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abesifazane, amadoda, noma amalungu eqembu elincane ngokobulili. Emikhubeni yansuku zonke, ukucwaswa ngokobulili kuvame ukuzibonakalisa emithethweni, emasikweni, kanye nemibono ebheka ubulili obuthile “njengobufanele” noma “obunekhono” kunobunye. Umthelela awugcini nje ngokulimaza umuntu, … Funda kabanzi

Ithiyori Yokuthembela kanye Nethonya Layo Ekuthuthukisweni Kwezwe Ithiyori yokuthembela iyindlela ebalulekile ezifundweni zentuthuko echaza ukuthi kungani amazwe amaningi asathuthuka ehluleka "ukufinyelela" amazwe athuthukile. Ngokungafani nombono wesimanje, ogcizelela ukuthi ukungathuthuki kahle kubangelwa yizici zangaphakathi (isib., isiko, ubuchwepheshe, noma ukubusa), ithiyori yokuthembela ibheka izinkinga zentuthuko njenge... Funda kabanzi

Umqondo Wezimali Zomphakathi Kumbono Wezenhlalo Ezifundweni zezenhlalo, ingxoxo "yezimali" ayibhekiseli emalini noma empahleni yezomnotho kuphela. Umphakathi unezinye izinsiza, ezivame ukungabonakali kodwa ezinquma kakhulu amathuba okuphila komuntu ngamunye kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila okuhlangene. Omunye wemibono enethonya elikhulu ekuchazeni lezi zinsiza ezingezona izinto ezibonakalayo yizimali zomphakathi… Funda kabanzi

Ubudlelwano Phakathi Kwamasiko Nesakhiwo Somphakathi Isiko nesakhiwo somphakathi kuyimiqondo emibili ebalulekile kwisayensi yezenhlalo evame ukuxoxwa ngayo eceleni. Iyathintana futhi ibumbene, futhi ayikwazi ukuqondwa ngokuphelele yodwa. Isiko linikeza incazelo ezenzweni zabantu, kuyilapho isakhiwo somphakathi sinikeza amaphethini, imithetho, kanye nezinhlaka zobudlelwano eziqondisa lezo zenzo. Ngokusebenzisa… Funda kabanzi

Ithonya Lezenhlalo Nezomnotho Ekuphumeleleni Kwezemfundo Impumelelo yezemfundo ivame ukubhekwa njengomphumela wokuhlakanipha, ukuphikelela, kanye nokufundisa okuseqophelweni eliphezulu. Kodwa-ke, ngale kwamamaki ekhadi lombiko, amazinga ekilasi, noma imiphumela yezivivinyo, kukhona into evame ukunquma indlela yohambo lokufunda lomuntu: isimo sezenhlalo nezomnotho. Isimo sezenhlalo nezomnotho—ngokuvamile esihlanganisa izinga lemali engenayo yomndeni, imfundo yabazali, uhlobo lomsebenzi, kanye nokufinyelela… Funda kabanzi

Imiphumela Yomnotho Wezepolitiki Esakhiweni Somphakathi Izingxoxo mayelana nesakhiwo somphakathi azinakuhlukaniswa nomnotho wezepolitiki. Isakhiwo somphakathi sibhekisela emaphethini aqinile obudlelwano ngaphakathi komphakathi—isibonelo, ubudlelwano phakathi kwezigaba, amaqembu esikhundla, izikhungo, kanye nezindlela zokwabelana ngendima. Okwamanje, umnotho wezepolitiki ugxila endleleni amandla kanye nenqubomgomo yomphakathi okuthonya ngayo ukukhiqizwa, ukusatshalaliswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza… Funda kabanzi

Ithiyori Yezenhlalo Yobugebengu Nokulawula Komphakathi: I-Sociology yobugebengu iyigatsha lezenhlalo elifunda ubugebengu njengento yomphakathi. Ukugxila kwayo okuyinhloko akukhona nje ezenzweni ezingekho emthethweni kodwa futhi nasezinqubweni zomphakathi ezisekela, ezakha, futhi ezichaza ubugebengu. Ngokombono wezenhlalo, ubugebengu abukhona bubodwa njengephutha lomuntu ngamunye, kodwa buxhumene nezakhiwo zomphakathi, ubudlelwano bamandla, kanye... Funda kabanzi

Umqondo Wobumbano Lomphakathi Embonweni KaDurkheim U-Émile Durkheim wayengumuntu obalulekile kwezenhlalo yasendulo, owaxoxa kabanzi ngokuthi imiphakathi ingaba kanjani "munye" futhi isinde naphezu kokuba yakhiwe ngabantu abahlukahlukene. Omunye wemibono yakhe eyinhloko ubumbano lomphakathi, amandla okuziphatha kanye nomphakathi ahlanganisa amalungu omphakathi ndawonye, ​​​​abenze bazizwe beyingxenye... Funda kabanzi