Ukuhlolwa kukaYoung kokuqhekeka kabili - izinkinga nezixazululo
1. u-d ibanga eliphakathi kwezikhala ezimbili, u-L ibanga eliphakathi kwesikhala nesikrini sokubuka, u-P 2 ibanga eliphakathi komphetho we-oda lesibili kanye nesikhungo sesikrini. Thola ubude be -wavelength yokukhanya (1 Å = 10 -10 m).
Kwaziwa:
Ibanga phakathi kwezikhala ezimbili (d) = 1 mm = 1 x 10 -3 m
Ibanga phakathi kwesikhala kanye nesikrini sokubuka (L) = 1 m
Ibanga phakathi komphetho wesibili kanye nomphetho ophakathi (P 2 ) = 1 mm = 1 x 10 -3 m
I-oda (n) = 2
Kufunwa: ubude besikhathi bokukhanya (λ)
Isixazululo:
Isibalo se ukuphazamiseka okunezimbobo ezimbili (ukuphazamiseka okwakhayo) :
d sin θ = n λ
isono θ ≈ tan θ = P2 / L = (1 x 10-3) / 1 = 1 x 10-3 m
Ubude be-wavelength yokukhanya:
λ = d sin θ / n
λ = (1 x 10-3)(1 x 10-3) / 2 = (1 x 10-6) / 2
λ = 0.5 x 10-6 m = 5 x 10-7 m
λ = 5000 x 10-10 m
λ = 5000 Å
2. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa umphumela wokuphazamiseka okuphindwe kabili. Thola ubude besikhathi bokukhanya (1 m = 1010 Å)
Kwaziwa:
Ibanga phakathi kwezikhala ezimbili (d) = 0.8 mm = 8 x 10-4 m
Ibanga phakathi kwesikhala kanye nesikrini sokubuka (L) = 1 m
Ibanga phakathi komphetho we-oda lesine kanye nomphetho ophakathi (P) = 3 mm = 3 x 10-3 m
I-oda (n) = 4
Kufunwa: Ubude be-wavelength bokukhanya (λ)
Isixazululo:
Isibalo sokuphazamiseka okuphindwe kabili (ukuphazamiseka okwakhayo) :
d sin θ = n λ
isono θ ≈ tan θ = P / L = (3 x 10-3) / 1 = 3 x 10-3 me
Ubude be-wavelength yokukhanya:
λ = d sin θ / n
λ = (8 x 10-4)(3 x 10-3) / 4 = (24 x 10-7) / 4
λ = 6 x 10-7 m = 6000 x 10-10 m
λ = 6000 Å
3. Ngokusekelwe esithombeni esingezansi, amaphuzu u-A no-B ayizingxenyana ezimbili zokuqala ezikhanyayo zokuphazamiseka futhi ubude bokukhanya bungu-6000 Å (1 Å = 10-10 m). Nquma ibanga phakathi kwezikhala ezimbili.
Kwaziwa:
Ibanga phakathi kwesikhala kanye nesikrini sokubuka (L) = 1 m
Ubude besikhathi bokukhanya (λ) = 6000 Å = 6000 x 10-10 m = 6 x 10-7 m
Ibanga phakathi komphetho we-oda lokuqala kanye nomphetho ophakathi (P) = 0.2 mm = 0.2 x 10-3 m = 2 x 10-4 m
I-oda (n) = 1
Kufunwa: Ibanga phakathi kwezikhala ezimbili (d)
Isixazululo:
Isibalo sokuphazamiseka okwakhayo:
d = n λ / sin θ
isono θ ≈ tan θ = P / L = (2 x 10-4) / 1 = 2 x 10-4 m
Ibanga phakathi kwezikhala ezimbili:
d = n λ / isono θ = (1)(6 x 10-7) / (2 x 10-4)
d = (6 x 10-7) / (2 x 10-4) = (3 x 10-3)
d = 0.003 m
d = 3 mm
Izinkinga eziyi-10 ezihlobene nokuhlolwa kukaYoung kwe-double-slit kanye nezixazululo zazo:
1. Inkinga: Ekuhlolweni kwe-double-slit, iphethini yokuphazamiseka iyanyamalala lapho enye ye-slits imboziwe. Kungani?
Isixazululo: Uma isikhala esisodwa simboziwe, ukukhanya kungadlula kuphela isikhala esisodwa, okusho ukuthi akukho ukuphazamiseka okuvela emithonjeni emibili. Yingakho sibona iphethini yokusabalalisa enesikhala esisodwa esikhundleni sephethini yokuphazamiseka enesikhala esiphindwe kabili.
2. Inkinga: Iphethini yokuphazamiseka iyashintsha lapho kubekwa ipuleti lengilazi phambi komunye wemifantu. Kungani?
Isixazululo: Ipuleti lengilazi lethula ushintsho lwesigaba kugagasi lokukhanya elidlula kulo. Lolu shintsho lwesigaba lubangela umehluko wendlela phakathi kwamagagasi okukhanya avela ezikhaleni ezimbili, ngaleyo ndlela kushintshe iphethini yokuphazamiseka.
3. Inkinga: Ibanga eliphakathi kwemingcele yokuphazamiseka liyancipha njengoba ubude bokukhanya okusetshenziswayo bukhuphuka. Chaza.
Isixazululo: Isikhala semiphetho � unikezwa ngu �=���� lapho � ubude be-wavelength, � ibanga elisuka ezimbotsheni kuya esikrinini, futhi � ibanga eliphakathi kwezikhala. US � iyanda, � futhi iyanda.
4. Inkinga: Uma ukukhanya okubomvu okunombala ofanayo kuthathwa indawo yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okunombala ofanayo, isikhala semiphetho siyancipha. Kungani?
Isixazululo: Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunobude obufushane bokukhanya kunokukhanya okubomvu. Njengesikhala semiphetho Δ� kuhambisana ngqo ne � (ubude begagasi), okufushane � kuzoholela ekwehleni okuncane Δ�.
5. Inkinga: Iphethini yokuphazamiseka ayibonwa uma ibanga eliphakathi kwezikhala ezimbili likhulu kakhulu. Kungani?
Isixazululo: Kumaphethini okuphazamiseka okubonakalayo, umehluko wendlela kumele ube ngokulandelana kobude bokukhanya. Uma izikhala ziqhelelene kakhulu, i-engeli lapho kwenzeka khona ukuphazamiseka okwakhayo noma okubhubhisayo incane kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemingcele.
6. Inkinga: Iphethini yokuphazamiseka iyanyamalala lapho umthombo wokukhanya ubanzi kakhulu noma ungaqondani. Kungani?
Isixazululo: Ukuze kwenzeke ukuphazamiseka, amaza okukhanya kumele ahambisane, okusho ukuthi agcina ubudlelwano besigaba obuhambisanayo. Imithombo ebanzi noma engahambisani ikhiqiza amaza okukhanya anobudlelwano besigaba obungahleliwe, okususa iphethini ecacile yokuphazamiseka.
7. Inkinga: Iphethini yokuphazamiseka iyashintsha lapho umshini ucwiliswa emanzini. Chaza.
Isixazululo: Ukucwilisa umshini emanzini kushintsha isivinini sokukhanya. Ubude bokukhanya emanzini buyancipha uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya. Njengoba isikhala semiphetho Δ� kuhambisana ngqo ne �, iphethini yokuphazamiseka iyashintsha.
8. Inkinga: Umfundi ubona indlela yokuphazamiseka engacacile. Kungaba yini imbangela?
Isixazululo: Ukufiphaza kungabangelwa yizizathu eziningana: imifantu ingase ingalingani ngempela, isikrini singase singalingani ngokuphelele nendlela yokukhanya, noma umthombo wokukhanya ungase ungabi munye ngokuphelele noma ungabi nokuhambisana kahle.
9. Inkinga: Amaphethelo awalingani ngokulinganayo. Kungani?
Isixazululo: Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yokungalingani kobubanzi besikhala noma isikhala esingesiqondile phakathi kwesikhala. Ukungapheleli ekusethweni kokuhlola kungaholela ekungalinganini kwemingcele.
10. Inkinga: Iphethini yokuphazamiseka ayibonakali nhlobo uma kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okumhlophe, kodwa kubonakala umphetho okhanyayo ophakathi nendawo. Chaza.
Isixazululo: Ukukhanya okumhlophe kwakhiwe ngemibala eminingi (ubude bamagagasi) bokukhanya. Umbala ngamunye uzophazamisa ezindaweni ezahlukene ngenxa yamagagasi awo ahlukene. Ukuhlangana kwala maphethini kuzosusa iphethini yokuphazamiseka ehlukile, kushiye kuphela umphetho omhlophe ophakathi lapho yonke imibala iphazamisa khona ngokwakhayo.
Qaphela: Izinkinga nezixazululo ezingenhla zethulwe ngendlela elula ukuze kube lula ukuqonda. Ezivivinyweni zangempela, izici ezengeziwe zingadlala indima ekubonweni.
