Ukungqubuzana Okunganwebeki
Ukulondolozwa komthetho wamandla e-kinetic akusebenzi ezingozini ze-inelastic. Ukulondolozwa komthetho we-momentum kusebenza ezingozini ze-inelastic uma kungekho mandla angaphandle asebenza ezintweni ezimbili ezishayisanayo. Ekungqubuzaneni kwe-inelastic, izinto ezimbili zinamathelana noma zinamathele komunye nomunye ngemva kokungqubuzana.
Isibonelo sombuzo 1.
Izinto ezimbili zinesisindo esifanayo, okungukuthi i-1 kg. Into 1 ihamba endizeni eyisicaba ngesivinini esingu-10 m/s bese ishayisana nento yesibili ephumule. Ngemva kokushayisana, izinto ezimbili zinamathelana. Iyini ijubane lezinto ezimbili ngemva kokushayisana?
Kwaziwa:
m 1 = 1 kg, m 2 = 1 kg, v 1 = 10 m/s, v 2 = 0
Kufunwa : v'
Isixazululo:
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v'
(1 kg)(10 m/s) + 0 = (1 kg + 1 kg) v'
10 kg m/s = (2 kg) v'
v' = 10 kg m/s : 2 kg = 5 m/s
Isibonelo sombuzo 2.
Amabhulokhi amathathu ahamba ngo-3 ms -1 ashayisana nelinye ibhulokhi lapho liphumule.
Ukushayisana akunakweqile. Ukuhleleka kwejubane lebhulokhi ngemva kokushayisana, kusukela kwelikhulu kuya kwelincane …
Isixazululo:
Umfanekiso 1:
Umfutho wokugcina = umfutho wokuqala
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v
(4m)(3) + (m)(0) = (4m + m) v
12m + 0 = (5m) v
12m = 5m v
v = 12m / 5m = 12/5 = 2.4 m/s
Umfanekiso 2:
Umfutho wokugcina = Umfutho wokuqala
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v
(m)(3) + (3m)(0) = (m + 3m) v
3m + 0 = (4m) v
3m = 4m v
v = 3m / 4m = 3/4 = 0.75 m/s
Umfanekiso 3:
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v
(m)(3) + (m)(0) = (m + m) v
3m + 0 = (2m) v
3m = 2m v
v = 3m / 2m = 3/2 = 1.5 m/s
Isibonelo sombuzo 3.
Amabhola amabili anesisindo esingu-m 1 = 2 kg kanye no-m 2 = 1 kg ahamba ngendlela ephambene ngesivinini esingu-v 1 = 2 ms -1 kanye no-v 2 = 4 ms -1 njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Uma ukushayisana kungaqini, liyini ijubane lamabhola womabili ngemva kokushayisana?
Kwaziwa:
Isisindo sebhola 1 (m1) = 2 kg
Isisindo sebhola 2 (m2 ) = 1 kg
Ijubane lebhola 1 ngaphambi kokushayisana (v 1 ) = 2 m/s
Ijubane lebhola 2 ngaphambi kokushayisana (v 2 ) = -4 m/s
Izimpawu ze-plus kanye ne-minus zibonisa ukuthi womabili amabhola ahamba ngezindlela eziphambene.
Okufunwayo : Ijubane lamabhola ngemva kokushayisana (v')
Isixazululo:
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v'
(2)(2) + (1)(-4) = (2 + 1) v'
4 – 4 = (3) v'
0 = (3) v'
v' = 0
Isibonelo sombuzo 4.
Izinto ezimbili, u-A no-B, ezinesisindo sento ngayinye, zisondelana ngesivinini esingu-1.5 kg ngesivinini esingu-v A = 4 ms -1 kanye no-v B = 5 ms -1 . Uma ukushayisana kungaqini, liyini ijubane lazo zombili izinto ngemva kokushayisana?
Kwaziwa:
Isisindo sento A (m A ) = 1.5 kg
Isisindo sento B (m B ) = 1.5 kg
Ijubane lento A ngaphambi kokushayisana (v A ) = 4 m/s (kanye nophawu, ngakwesokudla)
Ijubane lento B ngaphambi kokushayisana (v B ) = -5 m/s (uphawu lokususa, ngakwesobunxele)
Okufunwayo: Isivinini sezinto zombili ngemva kokushayisana
Isixazululo:
Ukulondolozwa komfutho oqondile:
m A v A + m B v B = (m A + m B ) v'
(1.5)(4) + (1.5)(-5) = (1.5 +1.5) v'
6 – 7.5 = (3) v'
-1.5 = (3) v'
v' = -1.5 / 3
v' = -0.5 m/s
Uphawu lokususa lubonisa ukuthi zombili izinto ziya ngakwesobunxele.
Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezingu-20 eziphathelene nokushayisana kwe-inelastic:
1. Umbuzo: Yini echaza ukungqubuzana kwe-inelastic? Impendulo: Ekungqubuzaneni kwe-inelastic, amandla e-kinetic awalondolozwa, yize i-momentum injalo. Amanye amandla okuqala e-kinetic aguqulwa abe ezinye izinhlobo zamandla.
2. Umbuzo: Ukungqubuzana okungaphelele kuhluke kanjani ekungqubuzaneni okungaphelele? Impendulo: Ekungqubuzaneni okungaphelele, izinto ziyanamathelana ngemva kokungqubuzana. Ekungqubuzaneni okungaphelele, izinto ziyahlukana, kodwa kusekhona ukulahleka kwamandla e-kinetic.
3. Umbuzo: Yini ehlala ilondolozwe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokushayisana, kufaka phakathi okungenakunwebeka? Impendulo: Umfutho uhlala ulondolozwe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokushayisana, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinwebeka kangakanani.
4. Umbuzo: Kungani amandla e-kinetic engagcinwa ezingozini zokushayisana kwe-inelastic? Impendulo: Amanye amandla e-kinetic aguqulwa abe ezinye izinhlobo zamandla, njengamandla angase abe khona, ukushisa, noma umsindo.
5. Umbuzo: Umuntu angayibona kanjani ingozi yokushayisana ngokubheka nje ijubane ngaphambi nangemva kwengozi? Impendulo: Amandla e-kinetic aphelele ngaphambi kwengozi azoba makhulu kunamandla e-kinetic aphelele ngemva kwengozi.
6. Umbuzo: Ingabe ukushayisana kwe-inelastic kungenzeka endaweni eyodwa kuphela? Impendulo: Cha, ukushayisana kwe-inelastic kungenzeka endaweni eyodwa, ezimbili, noma ezintathu. Izimiso zihlala zifana, ukubalwa kwe-vector kuphela okuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
7. Umbuzo: Ngokwesimo se-particle physics, yimuphi umphumela ovamile wokushayisana kwe-inelastic? Impendulo: Ku-particle physics, ukushayisana kwe-inelastic kuvame ukuholela ekuguqulweni kwezinhlayiya ezishayisanayo zibe izinhlayiya ezahlukene.
8. Umbuzo: Ungawuthola kanjani inani lamandla alahlekile ekushayisaneni okungaqini? Impendulo: Ngokubala umehluko phakathi kwamandla okuqala e-kinetic kanye namandla okugcina e-kinetic.
9. Umbuzo: Kungani ukushayisana kwe-inelastic kungaphuli umthetho wokulondolozwa kwamandla? Impendulo: Amandla asalondolozwa; aguqulwa nje kusuka kwesinye isimo (kinetic) aye kwesinye (njengokushisa noma umsindo) kunokuba ahlale njengamandla e-kinetic kuphela.
10. Umbuzo: Ingabe ukushayisana okuningi kwangempela akunakwehluka? Impendulo: Yebo, ukushayisana okuningi kwangempela akunakwehluka ngoba ngokuvamile kukhona ukuguqulwa kwamandla e-kinetic kwezinye izinhlobo.
11. Umbuzo: Ekungqubuzaneni okungaguquki, uma izinto ezimbili zinamathelana, yini engashiwo ngejubane lazo elihlangene? Impendulo: Ijubane lazo elihlangene linqunywa ukulondolozwa komfutho. Izinto ezimbili zizohamba ngejubane elifanayo ngemva kokungqubuzana.
12. Umbuzo: I-coefficient of restitution ihlobana kanjani nokushayisana kwe-inelastic? Impendulo: I-coefficient of restitution, ekhonjiswe ngokuthi , ilinganisa "ukugxumagxuma" kokushayisana. Kuma-coefficient ane-inelastic aphelele, �=0 .
13. Umbuzo: Kungani ukungqubuzana okungaguquki kungaveza umsindo? Impendulo: Ukungqubuzana kungabangela ukudlidliza ezintweni ezingqubuzanayo, okungase kukhiqize amaza omsindo endaweni ezungezile.
14. Umbuzo: Ingabe amandla adonsela phansi angaba yimbangela yokushayisana okungaguquki? Impendulo: Yebo, ikakhulukazi uma ukushayisana kuholela ekushintsheni kokuphakama noma isikhundla sezinto, kuguqula amandla e-kinetic abe amandla adonsela phansi.
15. Umbuzo: Kungani amabhola enjoloba engashayisani kahle, yize “egxumagxuma”? Impendulo: Amabhola enjoloba ashayisana kahle noma acishe abe bushelelezi ngoba avame ukugcina amandla awo amaningi e-kinetic futhi aphinde abuyele emuva. Awanamatheli ndawonye, okuyoba uphawu lokushayisana kahle.
16. Umbuzo: Ingabe amabhola amabili obumba athambile angabonisa ukushayisana okungaqini ngokuphelele? Impendulo: Yebo, ngoba lapho amabhola amabili obumba athambile eshayisana, avame ukunamathelana futhi angaphindeli emuva, okuyinto ephawulekayo yokushayisana okungaqini ngokuphelele.
17. Umbuzo: Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ukushayisana okungaqini kahle kwenzeke ngaphandle komsindo noma ukukhiqizwa kokushisa? Impendulo: Akuvamile, kodwa kungenzeka. Amandla angahlakazeka ngezinye izindlela ezicashile noma agcinwe njengamandla angaphakathi.
18. Umbuzo: Ingabe ukushayisana kwe-inelastic kungaguqulwa? Impendulo: Ngokuvamile, ukushayisana kwe-inelastic akukwazi ukuguqulwa ngoba ukuguqulwa kwamandla e-kinetic kube ezinye izinhlobo kwenza kube nzima ukubuyela esimweni sokuqala.
19. Umbuzo: Ukumelana komoya kuhlobana kanjani nokushayisana kwe-inelastic? Impendulo: Ukumelana komoya kungenza ukushayisana kube ne-inelastic kakhulu ngokuqeda amanye amandla e-kinetic njengokushisa.
20. Umbuzo: Ingabe ukushayisana kwe-inelastic kunemiphumela ekwakhiweni kokuphepha, njengezindawo zokuqhekeka kwezimoto? Impendulo: Yebo, izindawo zokuqhekeka ezimotweni zenzelwe ukubhekana nokushayisana kwe-inelastic, okumunca amandla e-kinetic nokunciphisa amandla asebenza kubagibeli.
Ukushayisana kwe-inelastic kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondeni imithetho yokongiwa kwemvelo yefiziksi futhi kuyingxenye ebalulekile ezindleleni eziningi ezisebenzayo kanye nemiklamo yokuphepha.
