Uma sibheka ngokucophelela, umusi osuka ekushiseni ungabonakala ekuqaleni. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umusi awukwazi ukubukwa. Uke wasebenzisa iphunga elimnandi? Ngisho noma ufutha iphunga elimnandi ekamelweni, abanye abantu abangaphandle kwekhaya nabo bangazizwa iphunga elimnandi lephunga elimnandi. Uma umama epheka ukudla okumnandi nokumnandi ekhishini, iphunga lokupheka lingazwakala nasendlini yomakhelwane. Kungani kunjalo?
Kunezinye izibonelo eziningi. Uma ufaka amaconsi ambalwa kayinki engilazini equkethe amanzi acwebile, uyinki, noma umbala wokudla uzosabalala ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke amanzi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ezinye izibonelo zangaphambilini ziyizehlakalo zokusabalala ezivame ukwenzeka empilweni yansuku zonke. Ukusabalala kuyinqubo yokuhambisa izinto kusuka ekugxilweni okuphezulu kuya ekugxilweni okuphansi. Okushiwo ukugxilisa inani lama-molecule/ama-moles ento ngevolumu ngayinye. Indawo yokugxilisa okuphezulu yindawo lapho kunama-molecule amaningi ezinto ngevolumu ngayinye. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukugxilisa okuphansi yizindawo lapho kunama-molecule ambalwa ngevolumu ngayinye.
Uma ushisa udoti, ngokuvamile ukugcwala kwentuthu ezungeze udoti ovuthayo kuphakeme kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi kunezingqimba ezahlukene, ama-molecule entuthu asakazeka ngokuzenzakalelayo kusukela ekugcwaleni okuphezulu kuya ekugcwaleni okuphansi. Ama-molecule entuthu aqale ahlangana ekugcineni ahlakazeka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
Uma ufafaza iphunga emzimbeni, indawo lapho kufafazwa khona iphunga inomthamo ophezulu. Ngenxa yokuthi kunomehluko ekugxilweni, ama-molecule ephunga asuka ekugxilweni okuphezulu aye ekugxilweni okuphansi. Uma ufaka amaconsi ambalwa e-inki noma umbala wokudla engilazini yamanzi acwebile, ingxenye yamanzi eqala ukuconswa ngoyinki noma umbala wokudla ivame ukuba nomthamo ophezulu. Ngenxa yokuthi kunomthamo ohlukile, ama-molecule e-inki noma ama-molecule ombala wokudla asakazeka kuzo zonke izingxenye zamanzi ezinomthamo ophansi. Inqubo yokusabalalisa izoma ngemva kokuba ukugxilwa kwama-molecule e-inki kuzo zonke izingxenye zamanzi kufana.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi inqubo yokusabalalisa ingachazwa kusetshenziswa ithiyori ye-kinetic. Ithiyori ye-kinetic ithi yonke into yakhiwe ngama-molecule futhi lawa ma-molecule ahamba ngokungahleliwe. Ukuze uqonde lokhu, bheka isithombe esingezansi. Zonke izingxenye zesitsha zigcwele amanzi. Ngenxa yokuthi uyinki uyaconsa, amanzi ebusweni besitsha anokuhlushwa okuphezulu kunamanzi angaphansi.
C1 ingxenye noma ingxenye yamanzi eyindilinga enomthamo ophezulu, kuyilapho i-C2 yingxenye noma ingxenye yamanzi eyindilinga enomthamo ophansi. Ukuze kube lula ukuhlaziya, sibheka kuphela ukunyakaza kwama-molecule e-inki maphakathi nesilinda.
Inani lama-molecule e-inki ku-C1 kukhulu (ukuhlushwa okuphezulu) kunama-molecule e-inki ku-C2 (ukuhlushwa okuphansi). Ngenxa yokuthi ama-molecule e-inki ahamba ngokungahleliwe, ama-molecule e-inki ku-C1 banethuba eliphezulu lokuya enkabeni yesilinda (Δx). Ngokuphambene nalokho, inani lama-molecule e-inki ku-C2 incane kangangokuthi inethuba elincane lokuya enkabeni yesilinda (Δx). Ngakho-ke, kuzoba nokugeleza okuphelele kwama-molecule e-inki avela ku-C1 ku-C2Ngocwaningo olwenziwe yisazi se-physiology okuthiwa u-Adolf Fick (1829-1901), kwatholakala ukuthi izinga lokusabalala lalilingana ngqo nomehluko ekugxilweni (C2 - C1). Uma umehluko ekugxilweni uphakeme, kulapho izinga lokugeleza kwama-molecule ezinto liphakama khona.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma umehluko omncane ekugxilweni, izinga lokugeleza kwama-molecule ezinto liyancipha. Lokhu kungaba ngokulindele kwethu ukuthi umehluko ekugxilweni nawo uthinta izinga lokugeleza kwama-molecule. Ngaphezu kokushintsha izindawo ngokusabalala, ama-molecule ezinto (ikakhulukazi izinto zegesi) angahamba esuka kwenye indawo aye kwenye esebenzisa usizo lomoya.
Ukusetshenziswa Kokusabalalisa empilweni yansuku zonke
Uma kungekho ukusabalala, intombi yakho ethandekayo ibingeke ijabulele iphunga lakho. Ngaphandle kokusabalala, iphunga lokupheka kukamama ekhishini elimnandi nelimnandi alikwazi ukusabalalisa iphupho lakho lasemini futhi lifune ukudla ukudla okunomsoco okutholakala etafuleni lokudlela ngokushesha. Ukusabalala nakho kunendima ebalulekile ekusindeni kwabantu, izilwane, izitshalo, njll.
Izitshalo ngokuvamile zidinga i-carbon dioxide (CO2 ) ukuze zenze i-photosynthesis. Ngenxa yokuthi kunomehluko ekugxilweni kwe-CO2 phakathi kwengaphakathi leqabunga nomoya, ama-molecule e-CO2 ayasakazeka eqabungeni nge-stomata. Ngokuphambene nalokho, umhwamuko wamanzi nomoya-mpilo uyasakazeka. Ngaphezu kwezitshalo, amakati, amagundane, njll. nakho kungacina uma kungekho ukusabalala. Uma izitshalo zidinga i-CO2 ukuze zenze i-photosynthesis, khona-ke amakati, amagundane, njll. adinga umoya-mpilo kuyo yonke intshukumo ekhiqiza amandla. Ama-molecule e-oxygen ahamba ngokusabalala ukuze afike ngaphakathi kwamaseli.
