Ngaphezu kokucindezela, enye yezilinganiso ezichaza uhlobo lwegesi olukhulu kakhulu izinga lokushisa (T). Isilinganiso sokucindezela kwegesi:
Hlanganisa i-equation 1 kanye ne-equation 2 :
Lesi yisibalo samandla ajwayelekile e-kinetic wamagesi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lokushisa eliphelele legesi.
Izinga lokushisa lilingana ngqo namandla ajwayelekile e-kinetic okuhumusha ama-molecule egesi. Uma izinga lokushisa likhulu, kulapho amandla ajwayelekile e-kinetic okuhumusha aphezulu, yilapho izinga lokushisa lincane, kulapho amandla ajwayelekile e-kinetic okuhumusha aphansi khona. Singaphetha ngokuthi izinga lokushisa liyisilinganiso samandla ajwayelekile e-kinetic okuhumusha kwama-molecule.
Olunye uhlobo lwesibalo samandla ajwayelekile e-kinetic egesi:
n = inombolo ye-mole (mol), R = igesi engaguquki yonke (R = 8.315 J / mol. K = 8315 kJ / kmol. K), T = izinga lokushisa eliphelele (Kelvin), EK = amandla ajwayelekile okuhumusha e-kinetic egesi ye-molecule (Joule).
k = okungaguquki kukaBoltzmann, R = okungaguquki kwegesi jikelele, NA = inombolo ka-Avogadro, M = isisindo sama-molecule, m = isisindo, n = inani lama-moles.
Okokuqala, amandla e-kinetic okuhumusha angamandla e-kinetic aphethwe yizinto noma ama-molecule. Ukunyakaza kokuhumusha kungaba ngesimo sokunyakaza okuqondile, ukunyakaza kwe-parabolic. Ngenkathi amandla e-kinetic okujikeleza = amandla e-kinetic aphethwe yizinto noma ama-molecule enza ukunyakaza kokujikeleza.
Okwesibili, amandla ajwayelekile okuhumusha i-kinetic ku-equation engenhla asebenza kuphela kumagesi e-monatomic. Izibonelo zamagesi e-monatomic yi-He (helium), i-Ar (Argon), njll. Ngaphezu kwamagesi e-monatomic, kukhona namagesi e-diatomic. Izibonelo zamagesi e-diatomic yi-O2 (i-oxygen), i-N2 (i-nitrogen), i-CO (i-carbon monoxide), njll. Kukhona namagesi e-polyatomic. Isibonelo, i-CO2 (i-carbon dioxide) njll. Igesi ye-monatomic iqukethe i-athomu eyodwa kuphela; igesi ye-diatomic iqukethe ama-athomu amabili, kanti igesi ye-polyatomic iqukethe ama-athomu amaningi.
Okwesithathu, izinga lokushisa eliphelele kumele lishiwo esikalini se-Kelvin (K). Uma izinga lokushisa lisesesikalini se-Celsius ( o C), lishintshe kuqala liye esikalini se-Kelvin (K).
Okwesine, isibalo 1 kanye nesibalo sesibili ngenhla azisebenzi nje kuphela ezintweni zegesi, kodwa futhi zisebenza ezintweni eziwuketshezi kanye nezinto zegesi.
Inkinga yesibonelo:
Iyini isilinganiso samandla e-kinetic esijwayelekile sama-molecule kugesi ku-40 °C?
Isixazululo:
