Imodeli Yemfundo Egxile Ekwehlukeni
I-Indonesia yaziwa njengezwe elicebile ngokuhlukahluka. Kusukela ebuzweni naselulwimini kuya emasikweni nasenkoloni, ukuhlukahluka kukhona ekuphileni kwansuku zonke futhi kubonakala emakilasini. Izikole azizona nje izindawo zokudlulisela ulwazi, kodwa futhi nokwakha ubuntu kanye nemibono yabafundi emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, imodeli yemfundo egxile ekuhlukeni iyadingeka ngokushesha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imfundo ingakhonza bonke abantwana ngokulinganayo futhi ilungiselele isizukulwane esikwaziyo ukuphila ngokuvumelana phakathi kokungezwani.
Kungani ukuhlukahlukana kudingeka kube yinto ebalulekile emfundweni?
Ukwehlukahluka ezikoleni kuvame ukuba nezinselele. Ukwehluka kolimi lwebele kungaphazamisa ukuqonda. Izizinda zomnotho zithonya ukufinyelela ezincwadini, kumadivayisi, noma ekufundiseni. Ukwehluka kwamasiko kungaholela ekungaxhumani kahle ngisho nasezinkolelweni ezivamile. Uma izikole zisebenzisa indlela "efanele bonke abantu", abafundi abawela ngaphandle kwenqubo evamile bavame ukushiywa ngemuva noma bazizwe bengamukelekile.
Imfundo egxile ekwahlukaneni ibheka ukwehluka hhayi njengezinkinga, kodwa njengemali yomphakathi. Ngendlela efanele, ikilasi lingaba yindawo yokufunda yentando yeningi: yonke ingane izizwa ibalulekile, ifunda ukulalela, ijwayela ingxoxo, futhi iyakwazi ukubambisana nabanye. Lawa amakhono abalulekile empilweni yomphakathi kanye nendawo yokusebenza yomhlaba wonke eyanda.
Isimiso esiyisisekelo semodeli yemfundo sigxile ekuhlukeni
Lo modeli usekelwe ezimisweni eziningana ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, ukulingana kokufinyelela nethuba. Bonke abafundi bafanelwe ukwesekwa okufanele, hhayi ukuphathwa ngendlela efanayo. Okwesibili, ukuqashelwa kobunikazi. Ubunikazi bamasiko, ulimi, ubulili, noma benkolo buqondwa njengezingxenye zobunikazi babafundi ezifanele ukuhlonishwa. Okwesithathu, ukufunda okubandakanya wonke umuntu. Amakilasi aklanyelwe ukwamukela umehluko emakhonweni, ezindleleni zokufunda, kanye nezidingo ezikhethekile. Okwesine, ukulingana kanye nokulwa nokubandlululwa. Izikole kumele zivimbele ngenkuthalo ukuxhashazwa, imibono ephambene, kanye nemikhuba yokubandlulula ezinqubweni nasekusebenzisaneni kwansuku zonke.
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zemodeli yemfundo yokwehlukahlukana
1. Uhlelo lwezifundo olumele kanye nolufanele
Uhlelo oluhle alugcini nje ngokuhlanganisa okuqukethwe kuzwelonke kodwa futhi luvumela isimo sendawo kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabafundi. Isibonelo, izifundo zomlando zingaveza izindaba ezivela ezifundeni ezahlukene, hhayi nje ngombono ovamile. Izifundo zolimi zingahlanganisa imibhalo evela kubabhali abanezizinda ezahlukene. Ezingeni eliphansi, okuqukethwe kwendawo kungaklanywa ukuze kujwayelane nabafundi ngamasiko endawo ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa inhlonipho kwabanye.
Uhlelo lwezifundo ludinga futhi ukunikeza amathuba okuxoxisana ngokujulile mayelana nezindinganiso, ukuziphatha, kanye nokuphila komphakathi. Imfundo ye-Pancasila, isibonelo, ingacebiswa ngamaphrojekthi akhuthaza abafundi ukuthi bahlele ukuhlukahluka endaweni yabo futhi baklame imisebenzi yokubambisana phakathi kwamaqembu.
2. Indlela yokufundisa ehlukene kanye nokufunda okugxile kubafundi
Ekilasini elihlukahlukene, amakhono ezemfundo kanye izitayela zokufunda zabafundi ayifani. Ngakho-ke, imodeli yokwehlukahluka ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kokufunda okuhlukanisiwe: othisha balungisa amasu, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezindlela zokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhloso zokufunda ziyafezwa yibo bonke abafundi.
Isibonelo, esihlokweni sesayensi, othisha banganikeza izinketho eziningana zemikhiqizo yokufunda: imibiko ebhaliwe, izethulo, amaphosta, noma amaphrojekthi alula. Abafundi abakhululekile ngezithombe bangakhetha i-infographics, kanti labo abanamandla ngamazwi bangabhala izindatshana. Okubalulekile, irubriki yokuhlola ihlala icacile futhi inobulungisa, futhi igxile ekufinyeleleni amakhono ayisisekelo.
3. Ulimi luyibhuloho, hhayi isithiyo
Abafundi abaningi baqala ngolimi lwebele oluhlukile kolulwimi lokufundisa esikoleni. Amamodeli emfundo yokwehlukahlukana ayakubona lokhu njengempahla. Izikole zinganikeza amasu afana nesilulumagama esiyinhloko, izincazelo ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba, ukusetshenziswa kwemidiya ebonakalayo, kanye nomsebenzi weqembu osekelayo. Kwezinye izimo, indlela yokushintsha ulimi ngezilimi ezimbili noma ulimi ingasiza abafundi. qonda umqondo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuzethemba.
Ukuhlonipha ulimi lwebele kusho nokunikeza abafundi ithuba lokwabelana ngolwazi noma izibonelo ezivela endaweni abakuyo. Uma ulimi lwabo luhlonishwa, ukuzibandakanya ekufundeni kuyanda futhi ubudlelwano phakathi kothisha nabafundi buyaqina.
4. Isimo sesikole esiphephile nesibandakanya wonke umuntu
Ukuhlukahluka kungachuma kuphela uma indawo yokufunda Kuphephile. Izikole zidinga ukuba nezinqubomgomo kanye nesiko elilahla ukuxhashazwa, inkulumo enenzondo, kanye nokubandlululwa. Lokhu akugcini nje ngemithetho ebhaliwe, kodwa futhi nangemikhuba yansuku zonke: indlela othisha abasabela ngayo ekugconweni, indlela isikole esisingatha ngayo izingxabano, kanye nendlela ontanga abahileleke ngayo ekwakheni isiko lokuhloniphana.
Izinhlelo ezinjengokulamula ontanga, ukwelulekwa okufinyelelekayo, kanye nemisebenzi yasekilasini ekhuthaza uzwela (isb., imibuthano yezingxoxo) kungaba amasu asebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugubha amaholide amasiko noma ukuzibandakanya emisebenzini yamaqembu ahlukahlukene kungandisa ngokwemvelo umbono wabafundi.
5. Indima yothisha njengabasizi kanye nezibonelo
Othisha badlala indima ebalulekile. Emodelini yemfundo yokwehlukahlukana, othisha abagcini nje izinto zokufundisa, kodwa futhi kube lula ukusebenzisana okunempilo. Othisha kudingeka babe namakhono okuxhumana phakathi kwamasiko ahlukahlukene, amakhono okuphatha izingxabano, kanye nokuqwashisa ngobandlululo lomuntu siqu. Ukuqeqeshwa kothisha kufanele kufake phakathi imfundo yamasiko ahlukahlukene, amasu okufunda ukuhlolwa okubandakanya wonke umuntu, nokufanele.
Izibonelo ezilula njengokusebenzisa izibonelo ezingezona ezendabuko, ukukhuluma nabafundi ngendlela efanele, ukuhlonipha imibono ehlukene, kanye nokunikeza ithuba elilinganayo lokukhuluma kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuzizweni kwabafundi bephephile futhi beqiniseka.
6. Ukubandakanyeka kwabazali kanye nomphakathi
Ukwehlukahluka akupheli esikoleni; kuhlala emindenini nasemiphakathini. Imodeli eqinile yemfundo ihilela abazali nomphakathi njengabalingani. Amaforamu abazali angaklanywa ukuze ahlanganise wonke umuntu, isibonelo ngokulungisa izikhathi zemihlangano, ukunikeza ulwazi ngolimi olufinyelelekayo, noma ukusebenzisa iziteshi zokuxhumana ezifinyeleleka kubo bonke.
Imiphakathi ingaba umthombo wokufunda: abaholi bendabuko, abaculi, kanye nabasebenzi bendawo bangasebenza njengabantu abanolwazi. Ngale ndlela, abafundi babona ukuthi ulwazi aluveli ezincwadini kuphela kodwa futhi luvela kokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlukahlukene komphakathi.
Izinselele ekusetshenzisweni kwazo kanye nendlela yokuzinqoba
Ukusebenzisa imodeli yemfundo yokwehlukahlukana kuvame ukubhekana nemikhawulo: inani elikhulu labafundi, isikhathi esilinganiselwe sothisha, izinsiza ezincane, kanye nengcindezi yokufeza imiphumela yezemfundo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusenombono olinganisa ubulungisa nokuphathwa okufanayo. Ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu, izikole zingaqala ngezinyathelo ezincane kodwa ezihambisanayo: ukuthuthukisa isiko lekilasi, ukusebenzisa ukuhlukanisa okulula, kanye nokusungula izinqubomgomo ezicacile zokulwa nokuxhashazwa.
Ohulumeni nabaphathi bezemfundo nabo kudingeka baqinisekise ukwesekwa okuhlelekile, njengokuqeqeshwa kothisha okuqhubekayo, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto zokufundisa ezimele , kanye nezindlela zokuhlola ezihlola ikhwalithi yokufakwa kanye nesimo sesikole, hhayi nje amaphuzu okuhlolwa.
I-Penutup
Imodeli yemfundo egxile ekwahlukaneni akuyona nje into eyenzekayo, kodwa kunalokho iyimpendulo ezidingweni zomphakathi zase-Indonesia kanye nezidingo zesikhathi esizayo. Ngekharikhulamu emele, izindlela zokufundisa ezihlukanisiwe, indawo yokufunda ephephile , othisha abanekhono, kanye nokubandakanyeka komphakathi, izikole zingaba izindawo lapho wonke umntwana ezizwa khona eqashelwa futhi ekwazi ukuthuthuka kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lwemfundo lufaka amakhono okuhlala ndawonye: ukuhlonipha ukungafani, ukucabanga ngokujulile, ukuzwelana, kanye nokubambisana. Ekugcineni, impumelelo yezemfundo ayilinganiswa nje kuphela ngempumelelo yezemfundo kodwa futhi nokuzalwa kwesizukulwane esiphucukile nesilungile esilungele ukukhulisa ukuhlukahluka.
