Ukwakha Ukuzikhandla Kwabafundi Ezikoleni
Emfundweni, ikhwalithi yokufunda ayilinganiswa nje kuphela ngempumelelo yezemfundo kodwa futhi nangokwezinga abafundi abakholelwa ngalo emandleni abo okuphumelela. Le nkolelo yaziwa ngokuthi ukuzikhandla, okuyinto ebalulekile kwisayensi yezengqondo yezemfundo ekhuthaza abafundi ukuba bafunde, balwele, futhi baphikelele lapho bebhekene nezinselele zemfundo.
Ukuzikhandla kwachazwa ngu-Albert Bandura, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esidumile, njengokholo lomuntu emandleni akhe okuhlela nokwenza izenzo ezidingekayo ukuze afinyelele umphumela othize. Ukuzikhandla kuhlukile ekuzithembeni; kuyilapho ukuzethemba kuyindlela umuntu azibheka ngayo ngokujwayelekile, ukuzikhandla ikakhulukazi inkolelo yomuntu emandleni akhe okwenza umsebenzi othize.
Kungani Ukuzikhandla Kubalulekile Kubafundi?
Ukuzikhandla kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqhubekeni kokufunda. Abafundi abanamazinga aphezulu okuzikhandla bavame ukuzethemba kakhulu lapho bebhekene nezinselele zemfundo. Banamathuba amaningi okubeka imigomo ephezulu, basebenze kanzima ukuyifinyelela, futhi babuyele esimweni sabo ngemuva kokwehluleka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abafundi abangakwazi ukuzikhandla bangase bathambekele ekukhathazekeni, bangabi naso isisusa, futhi bangase bagweme imisebenzi enzima.
Ukuzikhandla akugcini nje ngokuthonya indlela abafundi abasabela ngayo ezinseleleni zemfundo kodwa futhi kuthinta nezinqumo zabo zomsebenzi, ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu, kanye nenhlalakahle yabo engokomzwelo. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha ukuzikhandla ekuqaleni kwesikole kuyitshalomali ebalulekile yesikhathi eside.
Amasu Okwakha Ukuzimela Ezikoleni
Kunezindlela eziningana othisha nabafundisi abangasebenzisa ukusiza abafundi bakhe ukuzimela kwabo:
1. Okuhlangenwe nakho Okusebenzayo (Okuhlangenwe nakho Kobungcweti)
Okuhlangenwe nakho okuqondile kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwandisa ukusebenza kahle. Lapho abafundi beqeda ngempumelelo imisebenzi enzima, ukuzethemba kwabo ngamakhono abo kuyakhula. Ngakho-ke, othisha kudingeka baklame imisebenzi enzima kodwa esengaphakathi kwamakhono abafundi. Kubalulekile ukunikeza impendulo eyakhayo lapho abafundi beqeda ngempumelelo imisebenzi, njengoba lokhu kungaqinisa ukuzethemba kwabo.
2. Ukumodela (Okuhlangenwe Nakho Okungajwayelekile)
Ukumodela kuhilela ukubuka abanye (ngokuvamile abafundi bebanga elifanayo) beqeda umsebenzi ngempumelelo. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kungathuthukisa ukuzethemba, njengoba abafundi bebona ukuthi nabo bangaphumelela ngomzamo. Othisha bangasebenzisa izindaba zempumelelo zabanye abafundi noma balethe abafundi abaphothule izifundo zabo abaphumelele emkhakheni othile ukuze banikeze ugqozi.
3. Ukukholisa Komphakathi (Ukukholisa Ngamazwi)
Ukukholisa umphakathi kuhlanganisa isikhuthazo esiphumelelayo ngamazwi nokuqinisa. Othisha nabazali bangadlala indima ekunikezeni ukuqinisa okuhle nokuqinisekisa ukuthi abafundi bazizwa besekelwa. Amazwi akhuthazayo naqinisekisayo angasiza abafundi bakholelwe emandleni abo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukunikeza udumo oluqondile nolungokoqobo ukuze kuvinjelwe abafundi ukuthi bazizwe becindezelwe ukulindela ngokweqile.
4. Ukuphatha Ukusabela Kwemizwa
Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kungalimaza ukuzikhandla kwabafundi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusiza abafundi ukuthi baphathe ukusabela kwabo ngokomzwelo. Lokhu kungafezwa ngamasu okuphumula, ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka, kanye nezinhlelo zokulondoloza impilo yengqondo . Ukufundisa abafundi amakhono okubhekana nezimo (ikhono lokusingatha izimo) kungabasiza ukuthi baphathe ukukhathazeka okungase kuvele emisebenzini yezemfundo.
Indima Yothisha Ekwakheni Ukuzikhandla Kwabafundi
Othisha badlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni ukuzethemba kwabafundi. Nazi ezinye izinyathelo othisha abangazithatha:
1. Yiba Umsizi Wokufunda
Othisha abagcini nje ngokuba ngabanikezi bolwazi kodwa futhi njengabasizi abasiza abafundi ukuthola ukuzethemba kwabo. Ngokunikeza abafundi amathuba okuthatha isinyathelo kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wokufunda kwabo, othisha bangasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuzikhandla.
2. Nikeza Impendulo Eyakhayo
Impendulo eyakhayo isiza abafundi ukuthi baqonde ukuthi benzani kahle nokuthi badinga ukuthuthukisa kuphi. Impendulo enhle ayigxili nje kuphela emphumeleni wokugcina kodwa futhi igxila enkambisweni umfundi adlule kuyo.
3. Ukudala Indawo Yokufunda Esekelayo
Indawo esekelayo iyindawo ephephile neyakhayo lapho abafundi bezizwa bekhululekile ukufunda nokuzama izinto ezintsha. Othisha bangakudala lokhu ngokukhuthaza ukubambisana, ukunikeza ukuqinisa okuhle, nokubonisa ukukhathalela inhlalakahle yabafundi.
4. Ukuhlanganisa Ukufunda Okuhlangene
Ukufunda ngokubambisana kungathuthukisa ukuzethemba kwabafundi ngokubanika ithuba lokwabelana nokufunda kontanga yabo. Esimweni sokubambisana, abafundi bangasekelana, okungakhulisa ukuzethemba kwabo ngamakhono abo.
5. Amakhono Okufunda Okufundisa
Ukufundisa amakhono okutadisha aphumelelayo kunganikeza abafundi amathuluzi okunqoba izinselele zemfundo. Lawa makhono angafaka amasu okuphatha isikhathi , amasu okufunda aphumelelayo, ukubhala amanothi okuhle, kanye namasu okubhala izivivinyo.
Ukubaluleka Kokungaguquguquki Ekwakheni Ukuzikhandla
Ukwakha ukuzethemba kwabafundi akuyona inqubo eyenzeka ngobusuku obubodwa. Kudinga ukuvumelana okuvela kubo bonke abathintekayo emfundweni yomfundi, okuhlanganisa othisha, abazali, kanye nomphakathi wesikole. Bonke abathintekayo kudingeka basebenzisane ukuze banikeze ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo nokwakha isiko lesikole elihle.
Izikole zingahlela ama-workshop ahlose ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, njengamakhono okucabanga ngokujulile, ukuqondisa umsebenzi, imisebenzi yangaphandle, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu. Lezi zinhlelo zisiza abafundi ukuthi baveze imizwa yabo futhi bathole okuhlangenwe nakho okungathuthukisa ukuzethemba kwabo.
Isiphetho
Ukuzikhandla kuyisici esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwabafundi esivame ukunganakwa ezinhlelweni zemfundo zendabuko. Ikhono labafundi lokuzethemba lithinta kakhulu indlela ababhekana ngayo nezinselele zemfundo nezokuphila.
Othisha, njengabameleli bezinguquko kwezemfundo, banomthwalo wemfanelo obalulekile ekukhuthazeni nasekuthuthukiseni ukuzikhandla kwabafundi. Ngendlela ebanzi nehambisanayo, kusukela ekudaleni okuhlangenwe nakho okuhle, ukunikeza izibonelo ezikhuthazayo, kuya ekunikezeni impendulo eyakhayo, singasiza abafundi bethu babe ngabantu abazethembayo, abanamandla, abalungele ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinselele zesikhathi esizayo.
Uhambo lokwakha ukuzikhandla lungase lungabi lula, kodwa imivuzo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuzikhandla okukhulu, abafundi ngeke nje bafinyelele impumelelo yezemfundo kodwa futhi bazokuba ngabantu abaqinile, abanobuciko, futhi babe nekhono lokufeza amaphupho abo.
