Isihloko: Izinkinga Zanamuhla ku-Ethnography Yedijithali
Isingeniso
Ukwanda okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kuye kwashintsha ngokuyisisekelo isimo socwaningo lwe-ethnographic. I-ethnography yedijithali, ehilela ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi edijithali namapulatifomu okutadisha izenzakalo zamasiko, isibe yindlela ebalulekile kwisayensi yezenhlalo. Lokhu kuthuthuka kuveza izinkinga nezinselele zesimanje ezidinga ukuzindla ngokucophelela kanye nezixazululo zamasu. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga kubalulekile kubacwaningi ukuze badlule ekuxhumaneni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwamasiko nobuchwepheshe ngempumelelo. Lesi sihloko sihlola ezinye zezinkinga zesimanje ezicindezela kakhulu kwi-ethnography yedijithali.
Ukubhekelwa Ethical
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ku-ethnography yedijithali igxile ekuziphatheni okuhle. Ucwaningo lwendabuko lwe-ethnography seluvele lubhekene nezinkinga eziningi zokuziphatha okuhle, kodwa umbuso wedijithali uyandisa lezi zinselele. Abacwaningi kumele babhekane nemibuzo yobumfihlo, imvume, kanye nokungaziwa ezindaweni eziku-inthanethi. Isibonelo, ukuthola imvume enolwazi endaweni ebonakalayo kungaba nzima njengoba abasebenzisi bevame ukuba yingxenye yemiphakathi emikhulu, ehlakazekile, futhi ebonakala ingaziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulatifomu edijithali avame ukufaka okuqukethwe noma idatha yesikhashana eshintsha ngokushesha, okwenza kube nzima ukulandelela nokuqinisekisa amazinga okuziphatha okuhle njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhondo wedijithali oshiywe ngabahlanganyeli bocwaningo ungaba ohlala njalo futhi ufinyelele kude, uphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nobunikazi bedatha kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kolwazi okungenzeka. Abacwaningi kumele basebenzise izinhlaka zokuziphatha eziqinile, ezivame ukufaka izimiso ezivela kokubili ezinhlotsheni zendabuko kanye neziqondiso zamalungelo edijithali zanamuhla, ukuze bahambe kule ndawo eyingozi.
Izinselele Zendlela
I-digital sphere ihlukahlukene futhi ihlukene, ibeka izinselele ezinkulu zendlela yokusebenza. Ngokungafani ne-ethnography yendabuko, evame ukwenzeka endaweni ehlukaniswe ngokucacile yendawo noma yamasiko, i-digital ethnographers ibhekana nezimo ezingokoqobo ezingenayo imingcele ehambisanayo. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza ukuchaza indawo yasensimini, ukunquma ububanzi bocwaningo, kanye nokwakha ubuhlobo nabahlanganyeli kube nzima kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu ledatha elitholakala ezindaweni zedijithali lingaba nzima kakhulu. Ukuphatha nokuhlaziya idatha enkulu kudinga amakhono amasha kwisayensi yedatha kanye nokujwayelana namathuluzi edijithali okuqoqwa kwedatha, ukubhala ikhodi, kanye nokuhlaziya. Lokhu kudinga ukubambisana kwemikhakha ehlukahlukene kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okuqhubekayo, okungadinga izinsiza eziningi.
Ukumelwa kanye nokuGuquguquka
Ukumelwa kusalokhu kuyinkinga ebalulekile ekuhlolweni kwe-ethnography yedijithali. Amapulatifomu edijithali avame ukuqondisa nokuhlunga ukusebenzisana, okudala izendlalelo zokuhumusha ezingase zifihle amazwi angempela kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabahlanganyeli. Abacwaningi kumele baqaphele ukuthi bamelela kanjani imiphakathi eku-inthanethi, baqaphele ukuthi bangaphoqeleli ukucwasa kwabo noma ukucwasa okukhona kumapulatifomu edijithali kulokho abakutholile.
Ukuzindla kabusha—umkhuba wokuzindla ngesimo sakho kanye nenqubo yocwaningo—kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nalezi zinselele. Abadwebi bezinhlobo zabantu bedijithali kudingeka bahlale behlola ukuthi ubunikazi babo be-inthanethi, kanye nezindleko zobuchwepheshe kanye nemikhawulo yamapulatifomu edijithali, kuthinta kanjani ucwaningo lwabo. Lokhu kuzihlola kuyisihluthulelo sokukhiqiza umsebenzi wezinhlobo zabantu ocacile nothembekile.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwedijithali Nokufinyelela
Ukwehlukana kwedijithali—ukungalingani ekufinyeleleni ubuchwepheshe bedijithali—nakho kuveza inkinga ebalulekile. Abacwaningi bezinhlobo zabantu kumele baqaphele iqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi wabo wedijithali ungase ubambe kuphela ulwazi oluthile, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanokufinyelela okuthembekile kwi-inthanethi namadivayisi edijithali. Lokhu kungaholela ekuqondeni okuphambene kwezehlakalo zamasiko, kunganakwa amazwi amaqembu angamelwe kahle noma ahlukunyeziwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithiyo zolimi kanye namazinga ahlukene okufunda nokubhala ngedijithali kungathinta ukubandakanywa kanye nokumelwa kocwaningo lwe-ethnographic lwedijithali. Abacwaningi kudingeka bacabangele lezi zici futhi, lapho kungenzeka, basebenzise amasu okuvala lokhu kwehlukana, baqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlola kwabo i-ethnographic kuphelele futhi kuyalingana ngangokunokwenzeka.
I-Platform Dynamics
Amapulatifomu edijithali awathathi hlangothi. Aklanywe ngezindleko ezithile, imikhawulo, kanye nama-algorithms akha ukuziphatha komsebenzisi kanye nokusebenzisana. Lokhu kunqunywa kwepulatifomu kuletha inselele eyingqayizivele kubadwebi bezinhlobo zabantu bedijithali, okumele baqonde ukuthi lezi zakhiwo zobuchwepheshe eziyisisekelo zithinta kanjani imikhuba yamasiko abayifundayo. Isibonelo, indlela ama-algorithms ezinkundla zokuxhumana abeka ngayo phambili okuqukethwe okuthile kunezinye kungathinta ukubandakanyeka komsebenzisi kanye nokuguquguquka komphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukuqonda kwezinhlobo zabantu.
Ukuqonda ukuguquguquka kwepulatifomu kudinga ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwezinhlelo zenhlalo-zobuchwepheshe ezisekela izikhala zedijithali, okuhlanganisa nokuphathwa kwazo, amamodeli ezomnotho, kanye nezimiso zokuklama. Abadwebi bezinhlobo zabantu kufanele babe ngokwanele ekuhloleni ngokujulile lezi zici ukuze bahlanganise okutholakele kwabo ngokunembile.
Ukuphepha Kwedatha Nobukhosi
Ukuphepha kwedatha kanye nokuzimela kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu kumongo we-ethnography yedijithali. Abacwaningi baqoqa, bagcine, futhi bahlaziye idatha yedijithali ebucayi, okwenza babe abagcini bezimpilo zedijithali zabahlanganyeli. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwale datha ngokumelene nokwephulwa noma ukusetshenziswa kabi kubaluleke kakhulu. Lo mthwalo wemfanelo udlulela ekunamatheleni emithethweni naseziqondisweni zokuvikelwa kwedatha, ezihlukahluka kuzo zonke izindawo futhi ezihlala zishintsha ngenxa yezinsongo ezintsha zedijithali.
Ubukhosi bedatha, isimiso sokuthi idatha kufanele ilawulwe yimithetho kanye nezinhlaka zokuphatha ngaphakathi kwendawo eyayiqoqwe kuyo, sinezela olunye ungqimba lobunzima. Abadwebi bezibalo zabantu kumele bahlole lezi zindawo zomthetho ngokucabangela, baqinisekise ukuthi imikhuba yabo yocwaningo ihambisana nezindinganiso zokuziphatha kanye nezidingo zomthetho.
Isiphetho
I-ethnography yedijithali iyinsimu eguqukayo ehlangana nokuguquguquka kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nemikhuba yamasiko yesimanje. Ukubhekana nezinkinga zesimanje ezitholakala kule ndlela kudinga ukuqonda okuningiliziwe kokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha, izinselele zezindlela, ukumelwa, ukuhlukana kwedijithali, ukuguquguquka kwepulatifomu, kanye nokuphepha kwedatha kanye nobukhosi.
Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo ku-ethnography yedijithali kufanele luqhubeke nokuthuthukisa izixazululo ezintsha zalezi zinselele, lukhuthaze ukubambisana kwemikhakha eyahlukene futhi lufake imibono eyahlukahlukene. Ngokubhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokuqinile, ababhali be-ethnography yedijithali bangasiza ekuqondeni okuphelele nokunesimilo kwamasiko abantu esikhathini sedijithali.
