Chinyorwa nezve Kushandurwa kwezviyero zvekupisa
Chikero cheCelsius nechikero cheFahrenheit zviyero zvakasiyana zvekupisa. Kana tembiricha yechinhu ikayerwa uye ikatsanangurwa pachikero cheCelsius, saka tinoda kutaura tembiricha yechinhu pachikero cheFahrenheit tobva tachichinja kubva pachikero cheCelsius kuenda pachikero cheFahrenheit. Muchikamu chino, tinodzidza kushandura kana kushandura chikero chekupisa.
Pakumanikidzwa kwe1 atm, tembiricha yechando yethermometer yeCelsius = 0 oC, nepo Fahrenheit thermometer = 32 oF. Kusiyana neizvi, pakumanikidzwa kwe1 atm, tembiricha ye nzvimbo yekubikira thermometer yechikero cheCelsius = 100 oC, nepo thermometer ine chikero cheFahrenheit = 212 oF.
Kuti zvive nyore kwauri kushandura chikero cheCelsius kuenda kuchikero cheFahrenheit kana kushandura chikero cheFahrenheit kuenda kuchikero cheCelsius, yeuka 0 oC = zana oF na 100 oC = zana oF. Pachikero cheCelsius, pakati pe0 oC uye 100 oC i100oPaunenge uri pachikero cheFahrenheit, uri pakati pe32 oF kusvika 212 oF kune 180o.
3.1 Chinja chikero cheCelsius kuita chikero cheFahrenheit
Kuti uwane tembiricha pachikero cheFahrenheit (T), wedzera tembiricha muCelsius (T)C) tanga wayera ne9/5 wobva wawedzera 32o.
3.2 Chinja chikero cheFahrenheit kuita chikero cheCelsius
Kuti uwane tembiricha pachikero cheCelsius (T)C), kuderedza tembiricha paFahrenheit (T)F) chiyero ne32o, wobva wawedzera ne5/9.
4. Thermometer yegesi inotenderera nguva dzose
Kare, takadzidza maitiro ekugadzirisa thermometer. Thermometer yatinoshandisa i mercury thermometer isina chikero. Kana tikagadzirisa ma thermometer maviri emhando dzakasiyana, akadai se mercury thermometer ne alcohol thermometer, chikero che thermometer mbiri idzi chakafanana chete pa 0. oC (kana 32) oF) uye zana oC (kana 212) oF). Kana tikashandisa mathermometer maviri kuyera tembiricha yemhepo, nhamba dzinoratidzwa nethermometer yega yega hadzisi dzakafanana. Mathermometer eMercury anogona kuratidza 48 oC, nepo ma thermometer edoro achiratidza 46 oC. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kumhanya kwekuwedzera kwemercury nealcohol kwakasiyana. Saizvozvowo kune mamwe marudzi ethermometer, akadai se bimetallic thermometers, nezvimwewo. Chiyero chekupisa chinotsanangurwa nenzira iyi chinoenderana zvikuru nemhando yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa.
Nekuti chikero chekupisa chinotsanangurwa uchishandisa thermometer chinowanzova nekushomeka, tinoda thermometer yakajairwa. Kuvapo kwe thermometer yakajairwa kunotibatsira kugadza chikero chekupisa zvakanyatsonaka, tisingatarisiri kuti chinhu chacho ndechei.
Thermometer inenge yakakwana ithermometer yegesi isingachinji. Nheyo inoshanda yethermometer yegesi isingachinji ndeyekuti, vhoriyamu yegesi inochengetwa kuitira kuti igare yakamira kana kuti isingachinji. Zvino, kana tembiricha ikawedzera, pressure yegesi inowedzerawo. Mupipe 1 nemupipe yechipiri mune mercury. vhoriyamu yegesi inochengetwa kuitira kuti igare yakamira, nekusimudza kana kudzikisa pipe mbiri kuitira kuti pamusoro pemercury mupipe 1 parambe pachiratidzo chereferensi. Kana tembiricha ikawedzera, pressure yegesi mupipe inowedzerawo. Naizvozvo, pipe mbiri inofanira kusimudzwa kuti vhoriyamu yegesi igare yakamira. pressure yegesi inogona kuzivikanwa nekuverenga kukwirira kwekhoramu yemercury (h) mupipe 2. Kana uchishandisa nzira yemaoko, ingoyeuka kuti koramu yemercury i760 mm = 1 atm (1 atm). Muthermometer yegesi isingachinji yakaoma, kune pressure counter. Matangi akazadzwa negesi akagadzirwawo kuitira kuti gasi rigare riri muvhoriyamu yakatarwa. Saka, iyo yakayerwa inongochinja chete mupressure.
5. Kelvin Scale
Kana chidimbu chiri pachati iri pamusoro chakadhirowewa kuti chicheke T oC axis, zvino kana kumanikidzwa kwegasi kuri 0, tembiricha yegasi = -273.15 oC. Pamwe tinofunga kuti tembiricha yegesi papressure ye0 inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwegesi iri muchubhu yegesi inochengetedza thermometer. Zvichibva pakuyedza, kunyangwe rudzi rwegesi rwakasiyana kana pressure yegesi ikava zero, tembiricha inogara ichikosheswa pa -273.15 oC. Saka, tinogona kushandisa tembiricha iyi sechiyero chetembiricha chakajairwa (chinozivikanwawo sekupisa kwezero zvachose). Tembiricha iyi yezero chaiyo inozivikanwa sechiyero chakazara kana kuti Kelvin scale. Kelvin izita raIshe Kelvin (1824-1907), aimbove nyanzvi yefizikisi yekuBritain.
Pachikero ichi, tembiricha inoonekwa muKelvin (K), kwete muKelvin (oK) madhigirii. Nguva iri pakati pemadhigirii yakafanana neyepaCelsius scale, asi zero inochinjirwa ku0 K. Saka 0 K = -273.15 oC uye 273.15 K = 0 oC. Tembiricha iri muchikero cheCelsius inogona kuchinjwa kuita chikero cheKelvin nekuwedzera 273.15. Saizvozvowo, tembiricha yechikero cheKelvin inogona kuchinjwa kuita chikero cheCelsius nekuderedza 273.15.
T (K) = T (oC) + 273.15
T (oC) = T (K) – 273.15
