Te Ariā o te Whānau i roto i te Tirohanga Hapori
Kupu Whakataki
Ko te ariā o te whānau he kaupapa matua i roto i ngā rangahau pāpori, e tohu ana i tētahi o ngā wāhanga tino taketake o te whakahaere pāpori. I roto i ngā ahurea me ngā wā hītori rerekē, he rerekē rawa te hanganga, ngā mahi, me ngā whakamāramatanga o te whānau. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga ngā tirohanga pāpori mō te whānau, me te tirotiro i ōna tūranga, ōna panonitanga, me tōna hiranga tonu i roto i te hapori o nāianei.
Te Whakamārama i te Whānau
Ko te whānau te tikanga he rōpū pāpori e tohuhia ana e te noho tahi, te mahi tahi ā-ōhanga, me te whakaputa uri. Kei roto ko ngā pakeke o ngā ira e rua, e rua pea o rātou e pupuri ana i tētahi hononga moepuku kua whakaaetia e te hapori, me tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā tamariki, nōna, nōna rānei, nō ngā pakeke e noho tahi ana. Heoi, kua tautohetia tēnei whakamāramatanga tuku iho, ā, kua whānuitia kia mōhiotia ai ngā momo whānau rerekē tae atu ki ngā whānau mātua kotahi, ngā whānau ira kotahi, ngā tāne e noho tahi ana, me ngā whānau whānui.
Tirohanga Whakapono
Ka whakamahia e ngā kaimātai hapori ngā anga ariā maha hei tātari i ngā whānau, tae atu ki te mahi ā-tinana, te ariā pakanga, me te taunekeneke tohu.
Mahinga
E titiro ana te kaupapa mahi ki te whānau hei umanga matua e whai wāhi ana ki te pumau me te haere tonu o te hapori. Ko ngā kaitautoko matua, pērā i a Talcott Parsons, e kī ana he mahi nui tā ngā whānau, tae atu ki te whakawhanaungatanga i ngā tamariki, te tautoko i ngā kare ā-roto, me te whakahaere i ngā mahi moepuku me te whakaputa uri. E whakanui ana ngā kaupapa mahi i te tūranga o te whānau ki te atawhai me te whakatau i ngā mema pakeke, me te whakarite i te tikanga me te hononga hapori.
Ariā Taupatupatu
I tetahi atu taha, ko te ariā pakanga e aro ana ki ngā whanaketanga mana me te kore taurite i roto i ngā hanganga whānau. I ahu mai i te whakaaro Marxist, ka arotakehia e tēnei tirohanga te tūranga o te whānau ki te pupuri tonu i te whakarōpūtanga pāpori me ngā pūnaha patriarchal. E kī ana ngā tohunga pakanga he maha ngā wā ka whakakaha ake ngā whānau i ngā kore taurite ira tangata, i reira ko ngā tāne te hunga i mua he nui ake te mana me te whakahaere i ngā rauemi, ka arahi ki te whakarērea o ngā wāhine me ngā tamariki.
Te Taunekeneke Tohu
Ka tūhuratia e te taunekeneke tohu ngā taunekeneke o ia rā, o ia rā e hanga ana, e pupuri ana hoki i ngā hononga whānau. E whakanuia ana e tēnei tirohanga te hiranga o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā tikanga tiritiri, me ngā wheako whaiaro o ngā mema o te whānau. E rangahau ana i te hanganga pāpori me te pupuri i ngā tūranga pēnei i te "whaea," "pāpā," "tamaiti," me te "tuakana/teina" mā roto i ngā taunekeneke tonu.
Te Hurihanga o ngā Hanganga Whānau
Kua kitea ngā panonitanga nui o ngā hanganga whānau i te rautau 20 me te 21 nā ngā āhuatanga pāpori, ōhanga, me te tōrangapū.
Te Ahumahi me te Whakatāone
Nā te hurihanga ahumahi i neke atu ai te whānau whānui ki te whānau karihi, nā te hekenga mai o te iwi mai i ngā tāone ki ngā tāone nui ki te rapu mahi. E whakanui ana tēnei whakawhiti i te tauira whānau karihi, e kitea ana he ngāwari ake te nekeneke me te urutau ki ngā hiahia o te hapori ahumahi.
Te Whakaoranga o ngā Wahine me te Whai Wāhi Mahi
Nā te kaupapa whakatairanga i ngā wāhine me te pikinga ake o te whai wāhi atu a ngā wāhine ki te ao mahi i tino whakarerekē ngā āhuatanga tuku iho o te whānau. Nā tēnei nekehanga i wero ngā tūranga ira tangata i roto i ngā whānau, ā, i hua ake ai he whanaungatanga ōrite me ngā kawenga tiritiri mō ngā mahi ā-whare me te tiaki tamariki.
Te Wehe me te Marena
Ko te pikinga ake o ngā whakarere me ngā waiaro rerekē ki te marena e whakaatu ana i ngā tikanga pāpori e huri haere ana mō te oranga whānau. Ko te pikinga ake o te whakaae ki te noho tahi, te marena whakaroa, me te marena anō kua whai wāhi ki te kanorau nui ake o ngā momo whānau, pērā i ngā whānau whakaranu me ngā whare mātua takitahi.
Ngā Whānau Ira-Tangata
Nā te whakamanatanga ture o ngā marena ira-tāne me ngā hononga ā-ture i ngā wāhi maha o te ao kua whānui ake te ariā o te whānau. Ka werohia e ēnei huringa ngā ariā tuku iho, ā, ka whakaatu i te māramatanga e whanake haere ana mō te whanaungatanga me ngā here whānau ki tua atu i ngā tikanga takatāpui.
Ngā Mahi a te Whānau
Ahakoa ngā panonitanga o tōna hanganga, kei te haere tonu te whānau ki te whakatutuki i ētahi mahi nui i roto i te hapori.
Te Whakahoahoa
Ko ngā whānau ngā māngai matua o te whanaungatanga, e tuku ana i ngā tikanga ahurea, ngā uara, me ngā whakapono ki te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei. Mā roto i ngā taunekeneke ki ngā mema o te whānau, ka whakawhanakehia e ngā tamariki ō rātou tuakiri, ka ako i ngā tūranga pāpori, ā, ka whiwhi i ngā pūkenga e tika ana mō te whai wāhi atu ki te pāpori.
Tautoko Ohaoha
He maha ngā wā ka mahi ngā whānau hei wāhanga ōhanga, e whakarato ana i ngā rauemi pūtea me te tautoko ki ō rātou mema. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakakotahi i ngā whiwhinga moni, te tiritiri i ngā whare me ētahi atu rauemi, me te tuku āwhina pūtea i ngā wā o te matea, o te raruraru rānei.
Tautoko Kare-a-roto me te Hapori
Ka tukuna e ngā whānau he whatunga tautoko kare ā-roto me te pāpori, he mea nui mō te oranga o te tangata takitahi. Ka whakaratohia e rātou te manaaki, te aroha, me te wairua noho tahi, he mea nui ēnei mō te hauora hinengaro me te hauora kare ā-roto. Ka āwhina tēnei pūnaha tautoko i te tangata takitahi ki te whakatere i ngā wero me ngā whakawhiti o te ao.
Te Whakahaere i te Whanoketanga Ira Tangata
I ngā wā o mua, he mahi nui tā ngā whānau ki te whakahaere i ngā whanonga moepuku, me te whakarite i te whakaputa uri i roto i ngā rohe e whakaaetia ana e te hapori. Ahakoa kua kite ngā hapori o ēnei rā i te whakangāwari i ēnei tikanga, kei te whai mana tonu ngā whānau ki ngā whanonga moepuku mā te whakahoahoa me te ārahi matatika.
Nga wero me nga ahunga a meake nei
He maha ngā wero e pā ana ki ngā whānau o ēnei rā, mai i ngā pēhanga ōhanga me ngā take taurite i waenga i te mahi me te oranga tinana tae atu ki ngā pānga o te ao whānui me te hangarau.
Riki Ohaoha
Ko te koretake o te ōhanga me te utu nui o te noho he tino taumahatanga ki ngā whānau. Ko te hiahia mō ngā whare e rua ngā whiwhinga moni ka puta he ahotea me ngā wero ki te whakataurite i te mahi me te oranga whānau.
Te Huri i nga Turanga Ira
Mā te tautuhi anō i ngā tūranga ira tangata i roto i ngā whānau ka ara ake pea ngā taupatupatu me te hiahia kia whiriwhiria anō ngā kawenga. Ahakoa he rite tonu ngā hanganga o ētahi whānau, ko ētahi e raru ana ki te mau tonu o ngā tumanakohanga tuku iho mō te ira tangata.
Te Ao Whānui me te Nekenekehanga
Nā te ao whānui kua piki ake te nekenekehanga, ā, kua puta te āhuatanga o ngā whānau whakawhiti-motu, arā, ko ngā mema o te whānau e marara ana puta noa i ngā whenua rerekē. He wero motuhake te pupuri i ngā hononga whānau i tawhiti, ā, me whai momo whakawhitiwhiti kōrero hou me te tautoko.
hangarau
He pānga pai, he pānga kino hoki tō te hangarau ki ngā whānau. Ahakoa e āwhina ana i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te hononga, inā koa i roto i ngā whānau ā-ao, ka puta mai anō hoki ngā take pēnei i te whakaiti i te taunekeneke kanohi ki te kanohi me te kaha pea o te waranga matihiko.
Opaniraa
He kaupapa hihiri, he kaupapa whanake tonu te ariā o te whānau i roto i te hapori pāpori. Ahakoa kei te mau tonu ngā ariā tuku iho mō te whānau i roto i te maha o ngā hapori, ko te pikinga ake o te mōhio ki ngā momo āhua whānau kanorau e whakaatu ana i ngā huringa pāpori whānui. Mā te mārama ki te āhua rerekē me te uaua o ngā whānau mā roto i ngā tirohanga pāpori ka taea te mārama ake ki tō rātou hiranga pumau me ngā wero e pā ana ki a rātou i roto i te hapori o nāianei. Mā te aro atu ki ēnei wero me te urutau ki ngā āhuatanga hurihuri, ka taea e ngā whānau te whakatutuki tonu i ā rātou mahi nui me te whai wāhi atu ki te hanganga pāpori.
