Ngā Tikanga Maimoatanga mō te Pirau Niho
Ko te pirau niho he āhuatanga e ngoikore ai te hanganga o te niho nā te kino o te enamel (te paparanga o waho o te niho) me/ranei te dentin (te paparanga kei raro i te enamel). He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te kupu "pirau" hei whakaahua i ngā niho he tuwhera, he pakarukaru, he ngāwari te aro, he āhua kua memeha rānei. Ehara i te mea he ātaahua noa iho tēnei āhuatanga, engari ka taea hoki te whakararu i te ngaungau, te mamae, me te arahi ki te mate mena kāore i te rongoatia tika. Nā te mea he rerekē ngā take me te kaha o te pirau, he rerekē ngā tikanga maimoatanga mō te pirau niho —mai i ngā tikanga māmā ki ngā tikanga uaua ake.
Ngā Take Noa o te Pirau Niho
I mua i te kōrero mō te maimoatanga, he mea nui kia mārama ki ngā take. Ko te tino take ko te pirau niho : ka hurihia e ngā huakita i roto i te waha ngā huka mai i te kai me ngā inu hei waikawa e whakangaro ana i te enamel. Ka piki ake te mōrearea me te kore e pai te akuaku o te waha, te kai nui i ngā kai reka, te kai paramanawa pinepine, me te kore e maha o ngā tirotiro niho. Haunga te pirau niho, ka taea e ngā niho te porowhita nā te pirau waikawa (hei tauira, mai i ngā inu warowaihā, ngā waikawa, te waikawa puku rānei i roto i te GERD), te abrasion (te parai kaha rawa), me te bruxism (te huri niho), ka puta ai ngā pakaru iti, ā, ka pakarukaru ngā niho i te mutunga.
Ngā Tohu me ngā Tohu hei Tūpato
Kāore te pirau niho e mamae tonu i ngā wā katoa. I ngā wāhanga tōmua, ka puta ngā ira mā mangu ki te mata o te niho, he tohu tēnei kua tangohia ngā kohuke. I te haere tonu o te kino, ka huri ngā ira ki te kōwhai, ki te parauri rānei, ā, ka puta he poka iti. Ko ngā tohu noa ko te mamae i te wā e inu ana i ngā inu wera, i ngā inu makariri rānei, te mamae i te wā e ngaungau ana, te manawa haunga , tae atu ki te mamae tonu o te uaua mēnā ka pāngia. Mēnā ka pupuhi ngā kapia, ka puta he mate pukupuku iti (fistulas), he kirika rānei, he tohu pea tēnei mō tētahi mate e hiahia ana kia rongoatia tonutia.
Ngā Tikanga Maimoatanga i runga i te Taumata o te Kino
1) Te Whakaora i ngā Mineral me te Fluoride mō te Wāhanga Tīmatanga
Mena kei te tangohia tonutia ngā kohuke i te pakaru, kāore he poka nui, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta niho i te maimoatanga whakaora i ngā kohuke. Ko ngā tikanga ko:
– Te paninga o te fluoride ki te kiri (varnish/gel) i te wāhi rongoā hei whakapakari i te enamel o ngā niho.
– He paraihe niho whai pūhaumāota me te taumata e tika ana (tērā pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta i tētahi taumata teitei ake mō ētahi take).
– Ngā rongoā whakaora-pūmua tāpiri pērā i te CPP-ACP (casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate) i roto i ētahi tūroro.
Ko te whāinga he aukati i te tukanga pirau me te whakatika i te enamel niho kua ngoikore. Ka whai hua tēnei maimoatanga mēnā ka tīmata wawe, ā, ka haere tahi me ngā huringa o ngā tikanga kai me te akuaku pai o te waha.
2) Te Whakakī Niho (Whakaora) mō ngā Poka Iti-Waenga
Mena kua puta he poka, ko te rongoā tino noa ko te whakakī. Ka horoia e te tākuta niho te wāhanga kua pakaru o te niho, kātahi ka whakakīia ki rauemi tākaiNgā momo rauemi e whakamahia pinepinetia ana:
– Te kapia hiato (ngā whakakī he rite te tae ki te niho): he ātaahua, he pai mō ngā niho o mua me muri, engari me whai tikanga tāutanga pai kia pakari ai.
– Sima ionomer karāhe (GIC): ka taea te tuku i te fluoride, e whakamahia ana i ētahi wāhi, i roto rānei i ngā tamariki, engari he iti ake te ātete ki te kakahu i ngā mea hiato.
– Amalgam: he kaha mō ngā niho molar, engari kua heke te whakamahinga nā te mea he ātaahua, he pai hoki ki te tūroro.
Mā te whakakī pai ka whakahokia mai te mahi a ngā niho, ka whakaiti i te aro, ā, ka ārai i te uru hohonu o ngā huakita. Heoi anō, me tiaki tonu ngā whakakī nā te mea ka pakaru, ka turuturu rānei i roto i te wā.
3) Tāutanga/Whakatakotoranga mō ngā Kino Whānui Ake
Mēnā he nui rawa te kino ka pakaru ngāwari te whakakī, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta kia whakamahia he inlay, he onlay rānei. He whakaora "hawhe-karauna" ēnei i hangaia i roto i te taiwhanga (mā te whakamahi rānei i te hangarau CAD/CAM) kia nui ake te tika me te kaha. Ko te rauemi e whakamahia ana he mea hanga motuhake, he porcelain rānei. Ko ōna painga ko te roa o te mau me te āhua tika ake o te niho, kia pai ake ai te ngaungau.
4) Maimoatanga o te Pūtake o te Niho (RST) Mena ka Pāngia te Io
Mena he hohonu rawa te kōhao ka tae ki te penupenu (io niho), he maha ngā wā ka haere tahi me te mamae nui, te aro roa, te mamae werowero rānei. I roto i tēnei āhuatanga, me rongoa te awa pakiaka. Kei roto i te tikanga:
1. Horoia te kiko io kua pangia/mumura.
2. Whakahoromatahia te awa pakiaka.
3. Whakakīia te awa pakiaka ki tētahi rauemi motuhake hei hiri pūmau.
4. Te uhi i te niho ki tētahi whakakī tuturu, ā, i muri mai ka tāpirihia he karauna.
Ko te whāinga o te PSA he tiaki i te niho kia kore ai e hiahiatia te tango. Whai muri i te PSA, ka pakarukaru pea te niho, nō reira he mea nui te tiaki tāpiri.
5) Te Tāutanga o ngā Karauna hei Whakakaha i ngā Niho Pakaru
Ko ngā niho pirau nui, ngā ngatata, ngā niho whai muri i te Psoriasis, he maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he karauna hei tiaki i te toenga o te hanganga niho. Ka kapi te karauna i te mata katoa o te niho, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whati i te wā e ngaungau ana. He rerekē ngā rauemi o te karauna, tae atu ki:
– Pōrohe/uku: te āhua tino māori.
– Zirconia: he kaha, he ātaahua hoki.
– PFM (pōrehana kua honoa ki te konganuku): he huinga kaha, he ātaahua hoki, ahakoa i ētahi tāngata ka puta he rārangi pouri i te rārangi kapia.
Mā te karauna, ka taea e ngā niho pakarukaru o mua te hoki ki te mahi tino pai, mena ka mau tonu te akuaku o te waha.
6) Te Tango me te Whakakapi Niho Mena Kāore e Taea te Āwhina
Mena he kino rawa te kino—hei tauira, he iti noa te niho e toe ana, he mate urutā anō, he ngatata rānei te niho tae noa ki te pūtake—tērā pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta niho kia tangohia. I muri i te tangohanga o te niho, he pai ake te whakakapi kia mau tonu ai te mahi ngaungau me tōna tūranga. Ko ngā kōwhiringa whakakapinga ko:
– Ngā whakatō niho: e tata ana ki ngā niho tūturu nā te mea kua whakatōkia ki te kauae.
– Piriti: e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā niho tata hei tautoko.
– Ngā niho rūpahu ka taea te tango: he iti ake te utu, engari me urutau me te tiaki motuhake.
Ko te kōwhiringa tikanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te āhua o te wheua, te hauora o te waha, te utu, me ngā manakohanga o te tūroro.
Manaaki Tautoko: Ngā Tikanga e Whakatau ana i te Angitu
E kore e tino pai te tiaki hauora mēnā kāore he panoni i ngā tikanga o ia rā. Ētahi mahi nui:
1. Paraia ō niho kia rua ngā wā i te rā ki te whakamahi i te paraihe niho he whākōkī, inā koa i mua i te moe.
2. Whakamahia he miro niho, he paraihe rānei hei horoi i waenganui i ō niho.
3. Whakaitihia te huka me ngā tikanga kai paramanawa, nā te mea he nui ake te pānga o te auau o te kai huka i te nui.
4. Whakamarumaruhia ō niho i muri i te kai i ngā kai/inu waikawa, ā, tatari mō te 30 meneti i mua i te parai i ō niho kia kore ai e pirau anō te enamel o ō niho.
5. Inu wai hei āwhina i te whakakore i te waikawa me te whakaoho i te huware.
6. Whakaorahia te waha maroke, nā te mea he mahi nui tā te huware hei tiaki i ngā niho. Mēnā ka kai tonu koe i ētahi rongoā e whakamaroke ana i te waha, whakapā atu ki tō tākuta.
7. Whakamahia he ārai pō mēnā ko te bruxism te take o te pakarukaru o ō niho.
Āhea koe me kite ai i te taote niho?
Me rapu tonu i te awhina hauora mēnā ka pāngia koe e te mamae tonu, te mamae i te ngau, te kitea o ngā poka, ngā ira pango rānei i ō niho, te pupuhi rānei o ngā kapia. Ko te mea pai, mā te tirotiro auau i ia ono marama ka kitea wawe ngā kino, ka māmā ake, ka iti ake hoki te utu o te maimoatanga.
Te Katinga
Ko ngā tikanga rongoā mō te pirau niho e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te kino: mai i te whakahounga o te fluoride mō ngā wāhanga tōmua, te whakakī mō ngā poka iti ki te āhua noa, te tāpiri/whakapiri mō te pirau nui, te hanga awa pakiaka mēnā kei te pā te io, te karauna hei whakapakari i ngā niho ngoikore, me te tango me te whakakapi mēnā kāore e taea te whakaora i te niho. Ko te kitenga wawe me te tiaki tonu i ia rā te mea nui. Mēnā ka tika ngā mahi, kāore e mutu te pirau niho ki te tango i ngā wā katoa—he maha ngā kēhi ka taea te whakaora me te pupuri kia roa ai te hauora me te mahi.
