Ngā momo rongoā whakangote i roto i te mahi niho
He wāhanga nui te rongoā whakangote i roto i te mahi niho nā te mea ka āwhina i te whakaiti i te mamae, te manukanuka, me te kore whakamarie i te wā o ngā mahi. Mā te whiriwhiri i te momo rongoā whakangote tika, ka taea e ngā tākuta niho te mahi i ngā mahi kia pai ake te whai hua, ā, ka noho haumaru ake, ka noho mārie ake hoki ngā tūroro. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te wehewehe i te rongoā whakangote i roto i te mahi niho ki ētahi wāhanga matua: te rongoā whakangote ā-papa, te rongoā whakangote ā-rohe, te rongoā whakamoe (te rongoā whakangote māmā ki te whakaōrite), me te rongoā whakangote whānui. He tohu motuhake tō ia, he tikanga mahi, he painga, me ngā mōrearea e tika ana kia mārama.
1. Whakangote ā-waha
Ko ngā rongoā whakangāwari ā-waha he momo rongoā whakangāwari e pania tika ana ki te mata o te kiko, ko te nuinga o te wā ko te kiriuhi waha (ngā kapia, ngā paparinga o roto, te arero rānei). Ka taea te pania hei tiēre, hei hinu, hei rehu, hei pāti rānei. Ko te mahi a ngā rongoā whakangāwari ā-waha mā te aukati i ngā nekehanga io i roto i te paparanga o waho o te kiko, ka whakaiti i te mamae o te wāhi e pania ana.
Ko ngā whakamahinga matua o ngā rongoā whakangote ā-waha ko:
– Ka whakaiti i te mamae i te wā e werohia ana he rongoā whakamoe ā-rohe, mā te whakangoikore i te wāhi i werohia i te tuatahi.
– Ka whakaiti i te mamae i roto i ngā mahi iti, pērā i te horoi tātā i ngā wāhi tairongo, i te tāutanga rānei o ētahi taputapu orthodontic.
– Te āwhina i ngā tūroro he nui rawa te ātete o te waha (i raro i ētahi āhuatanga me te tūpato).
Ko ngā painga o ngā rongoā whakangote ā-waha he ngāwari ki te whakamahi, he tere te mahi, ā, he haumaru hoki. Heoi, he iti noa iho ōna pānga ki te mata o te tinana, ā, he poto noa iho te roa. Mō ētahi tūroro, inā koa ngā tamariki, ka tūpono te horomia e te whakamahinga nui rawa, ā, me āta tatau e ngā tākuta niho te horopeta me te tikanga tono.
2. Te Whakamamae ā-Rohe
Ko te rongoā whakamoe ā-rohe te momo rongoā whakamoe e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te mahi niho. Ko tōna kaupapa he whakangāwari i tētahi wāhi motuhake o te waha, me te kore e pā ki te māramatanga o te tūroro. Ko te tikanga ka werohia ngā rongoā whakamoe ā-rohe ki te taha o ngā io motuhake, ki roto rānei i te kiko e tata ana ki te wāhi e pokangahia ana.
Mā te tikanga hangarau, ka aukatihia e ngā rongoā whakangote ā-rohe te tuku i ngā nekehanga io mā te aukati i ngā awa konutai i roto i ngā kiriuhi pūtau io, ka ārai i ngā tohu mamae kia tae atu ki te roro. Ko ngā tauira o ngā rongoā whakangote ā-rohe e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te lidocaine, te articaine, te mepivacaine, me te bupivacaine. He maha ngā wā ka honoa ngā rongoā whakangote ā-rohe ki ngā rongoā whakapūmau toto (hei tauira, te epinephrine) hei whakaroa i tā rātou mahi me te whakaiti i te toto.
a. Te whakaurunga
Ko te tikanga whakaurunga ko te werohanga i te rongoā whakamoe ki roto i te kiko e karapoti ana i te niho e rongoatia ana. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga ki te kauae o runga nā te mea he nui ake te pūwero o te wheua, ā, ka māmā ake te uru o te rongoā ki roto i ngā io ririki.
Ngā tohu: ngā whakakī niho, te maimoatanga poka, te hanga karauna, me ngā tikanga iti i te rohe.
b. Te Poraka Io
I roto i ngā tikanga aukati io, ka werohia te rongoā whakangote tata ki te pūtake io matua, ka nui ake te wāhi ngenge. Ko te tauira tino rongonui ko te aukati io alveolar o raro mō ngā mahi niho kauae.
Ngā tohu: te tango i ngā niho molar o raro, te maimoatanga pakiaka o te kauae o raro, te pokanga waha rānei e hiahia ana ki tētahi wāhi whānui o te rongoā whakamoe.
c. Te Whakangote I roto i te hononga (PDL) me te Whakangote I roto i te hononga
Ko te rongoā whakamoe i roto i ngā hononga niho he werohanga i te rongoā whakamoe ki roto i te hononga niho e karapoti ana i te pūtake niho, ko te rongoā whakamoe i roto i ngā hononga niho ka tukuna tika ki roto i te wheua e karapoti ana i te niho. Ka whakamahia ēnei e rua ina kore e tino whai hua te urunga mai, te aukati io rānei, ina hiahiatia he rongoā whakamoe arotahi ake rānei.
Ko ngā painga o te rongoā whakamoe ā-rohe he whai hua, he tere te ahua, ā, ka noho mārama tonu te tūroro. Ko ngā mōrearea ka uru atu ki te mamae i te wā e werohia ana, te toto totoka, te ngoikore roa, ngā mate pāwera (he onge), me ngā pānga ā-tinana mena ka uru te rongoā ki roto i te toto. Nō reira, he mea nui te mimiti i mua i te werohanga me te aroturuki i te āhua o te tūroro.
3. Te Whakamarie i roto i te Niho
He tikanga te whakamoe hei whakaiti i te manukanuka me te whakanui ake i te whakamarie o te tūroro, inā koa mō ngā tūroro e manukanuka ana ki ngā niho, he kaha te ātete o te waha, he roa rānei te wā e rongoatia ana. He rerekē te whakamoe i te whakamoe ā-rohe: ka pā te whakamoe ki te taumata o te māramatanga me te marino, engari ka whakangoikore te whakamoe ā-rohe i tētahi wāhi motuhake. I roto i te mahi, he maha ngā wā ka honoa te whakamoe me te whakamoe ā-rohe hei whakarite kia tino whakahaerea te mamae.
a. Te Whakamarie Iti (Anxiolysis)
Mā te iti o te whakangāwari ka taea e te tūroro te whakangāwari engari kia noho mārama tonu, kia taea ai hoki te aro pai ki ngā tohutohu. E whakamahia ana i te nuinga o te wā rongoā ā-waha (hei tauira, ngā benzodiazepines iti te horopeta) i tangohia i mua i te tikanga.
He pai mō: ngā tūroro manukanuka ngawari ki te manukanuka āhua, ngā maimoatanga poto, ngā tūroro rānei e wehi ana i ngā ngira.
b. Whakamarie Taurite (Whakamarie Mōhio)
I roto i te whakamoe ngawari, ka noho mataara tonu te tūroro, ka tere te aro, engari ka hiamoe, ā, kāore i te tino mōhio ki te wā me te taiao. Ko ngā tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te whakamoe manawa me te hauota hauota (hau kata) te whakamoe ā-uaua rānei (IV).
– He tere te tīmatanga o te hauota waikura, ā, he ngāwari hoki te hoatu. I muri i te tikanga, ka tere te memeha haere o ōna pānga, ā, ka tere ake te ora o ngā tūroro.
– Mā te whakamoe i roto i te uaua ka pai ake te whakahaere i te taumata o te whakamoe, engari me whai wāhi tata atu, whakangungu, me te aroturuki hoki.
c. Whakamarie Hōhonu
Mā te whakamoe hohonu ka tata kore te tūroro e mōhio, ka tino whakaiti i tā rātou urupare ki ngā whakaohooho. Nā te nui ake o te mōrearea o te mate manawa me te mate ngākau, me aro turuki tata tēnei momo whakamoe, ā, ko te tikanga ka mahia e ngā kaimahi whakangungu me ngā taputapu whakaora e tika ana.
Ko te painga o te rongoā whakamoe he āwhina i ngā tūroro e uaua ana ki te mahi tahi, ā, ka taea e te taote niho te mahi pai ake. Ko ngā mōrearea o te rongoā whakamoe ko te ngoikore o te manawa, te whakapairuaki, te whanoke, te heke o te toto toto, me te hiahia kia aroturukitia i muri i te mahi. Ko te tikanga, me kaua e taraiwa ngā tūroro, engari me haere tahi me rātou ki te kāinga, inā koa me te rongoā whakamoe ā-waha, ā-infus rānei.
4. Whakamamae Whānui
Mā te rongoā whakamoe whānui ka kore e mōhio te tūroro, ka kore he mamae, ka kore hoki e maumahara ki te tikanga. Ko tēnei momo rongoā whakamoe ka tukuna te taumata teitei o te mana whakahaere, engari he nui hoki ngā mōrearea. I roto i te mahi niho, kāore te rongoā whakamoe whānui e whakamahia mō ngā tikanga noa, engari mō ngā take motuhake.
Ko ngā tohu mō te mate whakamātao whānui ko:
- Mahi pokanga waha nui (hei tauira, ētahi pokanga kauae).
– Ngā tūroro he hiahia motuhake ā rātou, kāore e taea te mahi tahi ahakoa kua whakamātauria ētahi atu tikanga.
– Ngā tamariki nohinohi e pirau nui ana ngā niho, ā, me maha ngā maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana i te wā kotahi.
– Te wehi nui ki tiaki niho, ina kore e angitu ētahi atu huarahi.
Nā te mea ka pā te mate whakamoe whānui ki ngā mahi katoa o te tinana, me whai taiao tika tēnei tikanga (he hōhipera, he wāhi rongoā rānei me ngā ratonga katoa), he aromatawai hauora i mua i te tikanga, me te aroturuki tata hoki e te tohunga whakamoe.
5. Te Whakatau i ngā Take hei Kōwhiri i te Momo Whakamamae
Kāore te whiriwhiri i te rongoā whakamoe e mahia noatia ana. He maha ngā āhuatanga ka whakaarohia e ngā tākuta niho, pēnei i:
– Te momo me te roa o te mahi (hei tauira, he wāhi iti, he pokanga rānei).
– Te manukanuka me ngā taumata mahi tahi a te tūroro.
– Ngā hītori hauora (te toto toto tiketike, te mate ngakau, te mate huango, te mate huka, ngā mate ate/whatukuhu).
– Ngā mate pāwera ki ngā rongoā me te hītori o ngā tauhohenga rongoā whakamoe.
– Te pakeketanga me te āhua tinana (tamariki, kaumātua, wahine hapu).
– Te hiahia kia whakahaeretia te toto, inā koa i ngā mahi pokanga.
Mā te whakamātautau tuatahi me te uiuinga hītori hauora ka āwhina i te taote niho ki te whakatau i ngā kōwhiringa haumaru. He mea nui anō hoki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i te tūroro me te taote niho kia mārama ai te tūroro ki ngā mea ka tumanakohia me ngā mea ka tumanakohia i muri i te maimoatanga.
Whakamutunga
He whānuitia ngā kōwhiringa mō te rongoā whakangote i roto i te mahi niho, mai i ngā rongoā whakangote ā-papa hei whakaiti i te mamae o te mata, ngā rongoā whakangote ā-rohe hei whakangote i te wāhi, te rongoā whakamoe hei whakaiti i te manukanuka me te whakanui ake i te whakamarie, me te rongoā whakangote whānui mō ngā take e hiahia ana kia kore rawa e mōhio. He rerekē ngā painga me ngā mōrearea o ia momo, nō reira me whakarite te kōwhiringa ki ngā hiahia o te tikanga, te āhua hauora o te tūroro, me te whakamarie. Mēnā he huarahi tika, ka taea e te rongoā whakangote te hanga i te maimoatanga niho hei wheako haumaru ake, whai hua ake, me te iti ake o te mamae mō ngā tūroro.
