Ngā Hua o ngā Awa mō te Oranga o te Tangata
He mano tau te roa o te noho a ngā awa hei kaiwhakaatu puku i te ao tangata. He maha ngā painga o ngā awa, ehara i te mea ki te tangata anake, engari ki te pūnaha rauropi katoa e karapoti ana i a rātou. E rere ana ēnei awa puta noa i ngā wāhi maha o te ao, e whakarato ana i te whānuitanga o ngā painga, mai i te pāpori ki te ōhanga ki te taiao. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tirohia e tātou ngā painga maha e tukuna ana e ngā awa ki te oranga o te tangata.
1. Pūtake Wai Ma
Kāore e taea te whakakorekore ko te wai tētahi o ngā rauemi taiao tino nui mō te ora. He puna nui ngā awa mō te wai ma mō te tangata. He maha ngā tāone nui e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā awa hei puna matua mō te wai inu. Ka tukatukahia te wai awa i roto i ngā wāhanga maha kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa kounga wai inu. Hei tauira, kua whai kaupapa horoi nui te Awa o Thames i Ingarangi kia taea ai te whakamahi anō i tōna wai mō te kai a te tangata.
2. Whakamakuku Ahuwhenua
He mea nui te mahi ahuwhenua ki te oranga o te tangata hei puna kai matua. He otinga ngā awa mō te whakamakuku i ngā whenua ahuwhenua, inā koa i ngā wāhi he iti te ua . Mēnā he pūnaha whakamakuku tika, ka rere te wai o te awa ki ngā whenua ahuwhenua hei whakarite i te momona o te oneone me te kounga o ngā hua. I ētahi whenua, pērā i a Īhipa, mā te whakamakuku mai i te awa o te Nile ka taea te ahuwhenua pumau i ngā wāhi maroke, maroke hoki.
Kua hurihia e ngā whanaketanga hangarau te whakamahinga a te tangata i ngā awa, ko tētahi tauira ko te whakamahinga o te rere o te awa hei pūtake hiko mā roto i ngā tipu hiko wai (PLTA). Ko ngā tipu hiko wai tētahi o ngā tikanga tino pai mō te taiao mō te whakaputa hiko. Ko te tauira rongonui ko te Pā o Three Gorges i Haina, e whakamahi ana i te rere o te awa o Yangtze. Ka taea e te pā te whakatutuki i tētahi wāhanga nui o ngā hiahia hiko o te rohe huri noa, ā, he nui te kaha whakaputa hiko.
4. Te Pokapū Waka
Mai anō i ngā wā onamata, kua roa ngā awa e whakamahia ana hei huarahi kawe waka nui. I ngā wāhi maha, he huarahi kawe waka whai hua ngā awa, mō ngā taonga me ngā pāhihi. He rongonui ngā awa pēnei i te Amazon, te Nile, me te Mississippi mō tā rātou mahi hokohoko me te tohatoha taonga. I ētahi wāhi tūmatanui he uaua ki te tae atu mā te whenua, ko ngā awa te huarahi kawe waka matua, e hono ana i ngā kāinga me ngā tāone nui.
5. Te Nohoanga o te Kanorau Koiora
Haunga ngā painga tika ki te tangata, he wāhi noho nui anō hoki ngā awa mō te tini o ngā momo tipu me ngā kararehe. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā awa me ō rātou rohe hopu hei pūnaha rauropi me te tino kanorau o te koiora. Ka whakamahia ēnei ara wai e ngā momo ika, ngā kararehe mohoao, ngā manu, me ngā tipu awa hei oranga me te whakaputa uri. Ko te pūnaha rauropi awa hauora he tohu mō te kounga taiao pai me te pumau.
6. Tūruhi me te Whakangahau
He nui hoki ngā uara ataahua me ngā uara whakangahau o ngā awa. He maha ngā awa he wāhi rongonui mō ngā tūruhi, e tuku ana i ngā momo mahi pēnei i te hoe waka, te rere waka, te hī ika, me ngā haerenga poti. Hei tauira, ko te awa o Seine i Parani, ehara i te mea he ataahua noa iho te tirohanga engari he pokapū hoki mō te tūruhi, me ngā haerenga waka iti e tuku ana i ngā tirohanga ahurei o te tāone. Ko te umanga tūruhi e tupu haere ana i te taha o te awa e whai wāhi ana ki te ōhanga o te rohe.
7. Te Whakaiti i te Mōrearea Āhuatanga
Ahakoa ka taea e ngā awa te whakararu i ngā waipuke, ka taea hoki e ngā awa e whakahaeretia pai ana te āwhina ki te whakaiti i te mōrearea ā-pā. Ehara i te mea ko ngā tāhuna me ngā pūnaha pareparenga i te taha o ngā awa anake te whakahaere i ngā taumata wai engari ka whakahaere anō hoki i ngā taumata wai hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te waipuke. He mea nui ngā kaupapa whakahaere awa kua whakaritea paitia hei whakahaere i ngā mōrearea ā-pā, me te whakarite i te haumaru o ngā hapori huri noa.
8. Ahurea me te Mātauranga
He maha ngā iwi nui o te ao i tupu i te taha o ngā awa. I kitea te pikinga me te hinganga o ngā emepaea i ngā awa onamata pērā i te Nile, te Tigris, me te Uparati. He mea nui te mahi a ngā awa i roto i te hītori me te ahurea o te tangata, mai i ngā pūrākau i tukuna iho i roto i ngā whakatipuranga ki ngā wāhi whaipara tangata nui. He taiwhanga taiao anō hoki ngā awa mō te pūtaiao, e ako ai ngā kairangahau me ngā ākonga i ngā whanaketanga rauropi, te āhua whenua, me ētahi atu āhuatanga pūtaiao.
9. Ngā Pūtake Kai
Ehara i te mea ko te whakamakuku anake te mahi a ngā awa, engari he puna kai anō hoki. He maha ngā hapori e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hī ika i te awa hei oranga mō rātou. He maha ngā momo ika me ētahi atu momo koiora wai māori e whakaratohia ana e ngā awa, he puna nui ēnei mō te pūmua i roto i te kai a te tangata. Ko ngā mahi pēnei i te hī ika, arumoni me ngā mahi tuku iho, he maha ngā wā ka whakaratohia he oranga mō ngā hapori e noho ana i te taha o ngā awa.
10. Ngā Pūnaha Taiao me te Whakatō
He mea nui te mahi a ngā awa i roto i te pūnaha taiao o te ao mā te āwhina i te tohatoha o ngā paru me ngā kohuke. Ko ngā tukanga horo me te whakatakotoranga e puta ana i roto i ngā awa ka pā ki te whenua me te kounga o te oneone i roto i ō rātou awaawa . He mea nui tēnei hei pupuri i te hua me te momona o te oneone, e tautoko ana i te oranga o ngā tipu me ngā kararehe e whakawhirinaki ana ki a rātou.
Whakamutunga
Mai i ngā painga maha kua whakarārangihia i runga ake nei, e mārama ana he mahi nui tā ngā awa ki te oranga o te tangata. Ka whakarato i te wai ma, ka whakarato i te whakamakuku mō ngā whenua ahuwhenua, ka whakaputa hiko, ka mahi hei huarahi kawe waka, me te maha atu anō hoki. Me noho te mōhio ki te hiranga o te pupuri i te ma me te pumau o ngā awa hei kaupapa matua kia taea ai e ēnei awa te whakarato tonu i ngā painga nui ki te oranga o te tangata me te taiao e karapoti ana.
I te mea he maha ngā painga o ngā awa, me aro tonu ki ngā mahi tiaki taiao me te whakahaere pumau. Mā te whakahaere mohio me te whakaaro nui ka taea te pupuri i te pūnaha awa taurite, ā, ka taea hoki te tuku i tēnei taonga taiao ki ngā whakatipuranga o muri mai. Mā tēnei, ka taea te pārekareka ki ngā painga katoa o ngā awa i runga i te pumau tonu.
