TE WHAKAAROHANGA

Te Rapunga Whakaaro o te Oranga-ā-Iwi a Albert Camus He maha ngā wā ka whakaurua a Albert Camus (1913–1960) ki roto i ngā kōrero mō te oranga-ā-iwi o te rautau 20, i te taha o Jean-Paul Sartre rāua ko Søren Kierkegaard. Heoi, i whakakahoretia e Camus te tapanga "oranga-ā-iwi." I pai ake ia kia kiia he tangata whakaaro wairangi—he tirohanga e ahu mai ana i te wheako tino taketake o te tangata: te hiahia mō te tikanga, te tikanga, me te kaupapa, e tūtaki ana ki tētahi ao koretake… Pānuihia atu

Te Hiranga o te Rapunga Whakaaro i roto i te Mātauranga Ehara i te mea ko te whakawhiti mātauranga noa iho i te kaiako ki te ākonga te kaupapa o te mātauranga. Ka ara ake ngā pātai matua: he aha te take e ako ai te tangata, he aha ngā uara hei whakawhanake, he aha ngā pūkenga me ngā āhua hei whakawhanake, me pēhea te haere o te tukanga ako. Kāore e taea te whakautu i ēnei pātai mā te whakamahi noa i ngā tikanga whakaako, mā te… Pānuihia atu

Te Ariā Marxist mō ngā Whakaaroaro: I roto i ngā kōrero mō te pūtaiao pāpori me te rapunga whakaaro tōrangapū, ka whakamahia te kupu whakaaroaro hei whakaahua i te māramatanga o te hapori ki te ao, te whakatau i te tika me te hē, me te whakatika i te tikanga pāpori o nāianei. Heoi, i roto i te tikanga Marxist, kāore te whakaaroaro e māramahia he kohinga whakaaro kūpapa, he "tirohanga ao" motuhake rānei. Ka māramahia te whakaaroaro he mea e pā tata ana... Pānuihia atu

Arotake Wahine mō te Rapunga Whakaaro He maha ngā wā ka māramahia te rapunga whakaaro hei mahi a te tangata ki te rapu i ngā pono whānui: he aha te mātauranga, te matatika, te tika, me te āhua tangata. Heoi, ko te whakahaere wahine—hei kaupapa hinengaro me te tōrangapū e whakaatu ana i ngā whanaungatanga mana i runga i te ira tangata—ka ara ake he pātai koi: whānui mō wai? Kāore te arotake wahine mō te rapunga whakaaro e whakapae noa i ngā "tohunga whakaaro tāne" o mua, engari e tirotiro ana me pēhea te tikanga rapunga whakaaro, … Pānuihia atu

Te Ariā o te Atua i roto i te Rapunga Whakaaro Ko te ariā o te Atua i roto i te rapunga whakaaro tētahi o ngā kaupapa tawhito rawa atu, me ngā kaupapa tino taketake o te hītori o te whakaaro tangata. Ko ngā pātai "Kei te ora te Atua, kāore rānei?", "Mēnā koinā, he aha tōna āhua?", me "Me pēhea te mōhio o te tangata ki te Atua?" kua awe i te whānautanga o ngā kura rapunga whakaaro maha, mai i Kariki Tawhito ki te rapunga whakaaro o nāianei. Kāore i rite ki te karakia, e... Pānuihia atu

Te Ariā o te Pono E ai ki a Hōkerete Ko Hōkerete (469–399 BC) tētahi o ngā tino tangata whai mana i roto i te hītori o te rapunga whakaaro o te Hauāuru. Ahakoa kāore i waiho e ia he tuhinga, ka taea te whai i ana whakaaro mā roto i ngā mahi a āna ākonga, inā koa ko Plato rāua ko Xenophon, tae atu ki ngā arotake me ngā whakaahua o Aristophanes. I roto i te taonga tuku iho hinengaro o Hōkerete, ko te aro ki te pātai "he aha te pono?" te mea nui. Ki a Hōkerete, … Pānuihia atu

He Whakataurite i a Kant rāua ko Hegel: Ko Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) rāua ko Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831) ngā tino tangata o te ao rapunga whakaaro o Tiamana hou. I whai rāua ki te whakautu i ngā pātai nui mō te mātauranga, te mooni, te herekoretanga, me te whakaaro tika. Heoi, he tino rerekē te māramatanga o rāua ki ngā rohe o te whakaaro nui, te tūranga o te tangata, me te whanaungatanga i waenga i te hinengaro me te ao. He maha ngā wā ka māramahia a Kant… Pānuihia atu

Te Tikanga o te Ora e ai ki a Nietzsche He maha ngā pātai mō te tikanga o te ora ka ara ake ina pāngia te tangata e te mamae, te korenga, te koretake, te kore rānei o ngā whakapono tawhito. Ko Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) tētahi o ngā tohunga whakaaro i tino whakakorikori i ngā whakaaro tuku iho mō te tikanga. Kāore ia i tuku i tētahi "tunu" hei whakamarie, engari he wero: ina hinga ngā turanga tawhito, me… Pānuihia atu

Te Ariā Whakawhanaungatanga o te Pono I roto i te rapunga whakaaro, ko te pātai "he aha te pono?" te tīmatanga o ngā tautohetohe nui. Ki tā ētahi he pumau, he ao whānui hoki te pono, ko tā ētahi he whakawhirinaki ki ngā āhuatanga motuhake: te ahurea, te reo, te tirohanga, te wā rānei. Koinei te wāhi e uru mai ai te ariā whakawhanaungatanga o te pono. E kī ana te ariā whakawhanaungatanga o te pono ko te aha... Pānuihia atu

Te Rapunga Whakaaro Matatika a Immanuel Kant Ko Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) tētahi o ngā tino tangata whai mana i roto i te hītori o te rapunga whakaaro hou, nā ana mahi ki te whakatakoto i tētahi pūtake whānui me te whai whakaaro mō te matatika. He rerekē ki ngā huarahi matatika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tikanga tuku iho, ki te whakapono, ki ngā hua rānei o ngā mahi, i whakapono a Kant ko te mehua tino pakari o te matatika me ahu mai i te whakaaro nui me… Pānuihia atu