Ngā Take Taiao mai i te Tirohanga Tangata
He kaupapa tino hirahira, he kaupapa nui hoki ngā take taiao, nā te mea he pānga nui ki te oranga tangata me te pūnaha rauropi whānui. Ahakoa ko te nuinga o ngā kōrero mō te taiao e ahu mai ana i te tirohanga pūtaiao, ōhanga, tōrangapū rānei, he maha ngā tirohanga hirahira anō hoki e tukuna ana e te tirohanga tangata. Mā te tangata, arā, te ako whānui i te whanaketanga tangata, ahurea, me te pāpori, ka taea e tātou te mārama ki ngā take taiao i roto i te horopaki whānui me ngā hononga i waenga i te tangata me te taiao.
Ngā Hononga Tangata-Taiao: He Arotake Hītori
He nui ngā kōrero hītori a te mātauranga tangata mō te taunekeneke a te tangata ki tōna taiao mō ngā mano tau. Mai i ngā wā o mua, kua urutau te tangata ki tōna taiao mā roto i ngā tikanga maha pērā i te hopu manu, te kohikohi kai, me te ahuwhenua. Ko te wā ahuwhenua, i tīmata tata ki te 10.000 tau ki muri, i tohu i tētahi panonitanga nui i roto i te whanaungatanga o te tangata ki te taiao. Ko ngā tikanga ahuwhenua o mua pērā i te whakamakuku me te hurihanga hua he tauira o ngā urutaunga tangata ki te taiao i āhei ai ngā taupori tangata ki te tipu me te tupu.
Heoi, nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau me te ahumahi, kua tīmata te taunekeneke a te tangata ki te taiao ki te whakaatu i ngā tohu o te whakamahinga nui rawa. Ko ngā pānga kino pēnei i te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere, te parahanga wai me te hau, me te ngaronga o ngā momo momo kararehe, ko ētahi o ngā take taiao kua puta ake nā ngā mahi a te tangata kāore e taea te pupuri. Ka whakaratohia e te mātauranga tangata he anga mō te tātari i te whai wāhi a ngā ahurea me ngā hapori ki te pirau o te taiao, me te mamae hoki.
Tirohanga Ahurea
He tirohanga motuhake tō ia hapori, tō ia hapori ki te taiao, me tana taunekeneke ki a rātou anō. Hei tauira, he tirohanga whānui, he tirohanga tapu hoki tō ngā iwi taketake mō te taiao. E kite ana rātou i a rātou anō he wāhanga nui o te taiao, ā, he whakapono, he tikanga hoki ā rātou e whakaute ana i te taiao. Hei tauira, he kawa, he kawa hoki ā ngā iwi o te Amazon e pā ana ki ngā huringa taiao me te oranga tonutanga.
He rerekē, ko ngā hapori ahumahi o ēnei rā e titiro ana ki te taiao hei rauemi hei whakamahi mā te hunga e hiahia ana ki te whai hua ōhanga. E kitea ana tēnei tirohanga i roto i te whakamahinga whenua, te hangarau, me ngā kaupapa here a te kāwanatanga, e aro nui ana ki te whakanui ake i te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi taiao me te kore e whakaaro ki ngā pānga roa ki te taiao. Ka awe tēnei tirohanga ahurea i te huarahi e aro atu ai tātou ki ngā take taiao, ā, ka whakatau i ngā mahi me ngā kaupapa here kua whakatinanahia hei aro atu ki aua take.
Te Mātauranga Iwi: Te Mārama ki te Mātauranga Tuku Iho
Ko te ira tangata he peka o te mātauranga tangata e ako ana i te māramatanga o ngā hapori tuku iho ki ō rātou pūnaha rauropi me te whakamahinga o ēnei mātauranga hei tiaki i te taiao. Ko tēnei mātauranga ā-rohe, e kiia ana ko te "mātauranga taiao tuku iho" (TEK), he kohinga o ngā whakatupuranga o ngā mahi me te māramatanga hōhonu ki tō rātou taiao ā-rohe.
Hei tauira, he matatau ngā tikanga a ngā hapori taketake o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te Tonga mō te whakahaere i ngā rauemi moana, pērā i te hī ika tauwhiro mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tuku iho me te huri i ngā rohe hī ika. Mā ēnei mahi kua roa e whakamatautauria ana ka whakaratohia he tauira ka taea te whakauru ki ngā rautaki hou mō te tiaki me te whakahaere rauemi tauwhiro.
Te Pānga o te Ao Whānui ki te Taiao ā-Rohe
Kua puta he huringa nui i roto i te taunekeneke a ngā hapori ki tō rātou taiao nā te ao whānui. Nā te hokohoko ā-ao, te tere o te noho tāone, me te ahumahi kua whakarerekē i ngā whenua taiao o te ao. Ahakoa he pai ētahi pānga, pērā i te pikinga ake o te urunga atu ki ngā hangarau matomato, he maha anō hoki he pānga kino nui.
Mai i te tirohanga a te tangata, he mea nui kia whakaarohia te pānga o te ao whānui ki ngā hapori o te rohe, inā koa ko te ngaronga o te whenua, te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere, me te parahanga. Hei tauira, he maha ngā kamupene o te ao whānui e whakamahi ana i ngā rauemi taiao i ngā whenua whakawhanake, me te kore e aro ki ngā pānga roa ki te taiao me ngā hapori o te rohe. Ehara i te mea ka kino noa iho tēnei āhuatanga ki te taiao, engari he maha hoki ngā wā ka ngaro te tuakiri ahurea me te mātauranga tuku iho .
Auahatanga Hapori me te Urutau
I roto i ngā hapori o te ao, ka kitea e tātou ngā tauira maha o te auahatanga pāpori me te urutau ahurea ki ngā wero taiao. He maha ngā wā ka kitea e ngā hapori ngā huarahi auaha me te pumau hei whakatika i ō rātou raruraru. Hei tauira, i ētahi wāhanga o Āwherika, kua whakawhanakehia e ngā kaimahi pāmu ngā pūnaha ahuwhenua ngahere e whakakotahi ana i ngā hua kai me ngā rākau hei whakapai ake i te momona o te oneone me te whakaiti i te horo.
I Īnia, kua kitea te angitu nui o ngā kaupapa a te hapori ki te whakaora i ngā awa poke mā te horoi me te whakaora i ngā pūnaha rauropi. E whakaatu ana ēnei auahatanga ka taea e ngā urutau ā-rohe e akiakihia ana e te mātauranga me ngā mahi ahurea te whakarato i ngā otinga pumau me te whai hua ki ngā take taiao.
Ngā Wero me ngā Huarahi i roto i ngā Akoranga Tātai Tangata Taiao
Ko tētahi o ngā wero nui rawa atu i roto i te mātauranga taiao ko te aro atu ki te uaua o ngā taunekeneke tangata-taiao puta noa i ngā horopaki ahurea kanorau. Me whai huarahi whānui, ā-mātauranga hoki kia mārama ai ki te whai wāhi a ngā whanaketanga pāpori, ōhanga, tōrangapū, me te ahurea ki ngā take taiao. He mea nui anō hoki te whakamahi i ngā tikanga urutau me te whai wāhi atu hei whakauru i ngā hapori o te rohe ki te rangahau me te whakatau kaupapa.
Heoi, ahakoa ēnei wero, he maha ngā whai wāhitanga. Mā te ako i te mātauranga taiao ka taea te whakarato i ngā māramatanga whai hua hei whakawhanake i ngā kaupapa here me ngā mahi whānui ake, ā, kia mau tonu hoki. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e te mātauranga taiao te whai wāhi nui ki te mātauranga me te whakapiki i te mōhiotanga mō te hiranga o te tiaki i te taiao mai i te tirohanga ahurea.
Whakamutunga
I te aroaro o ngā take taiao e piki haere ana te pēhanga, ka whakaratohia e te tirohanga tangata he māramatanga nui ki te tirohanga a te tangata me te taunekeneke ki tōna taiao. Mā te mārama hohonu ki te hītori o te tangata, ki te ahurea, me ngā mātauranga tuku iho, ka taea e tātou te kimi huarahi hou me te pumau hei aro atu ki ngā wero taiao. Ehara i te mea ko te mātauranga tangata taiao anake te mea e pā ana ki te mārama ki te whanaungatanga i waenga i te tangata me te taiao, engari ko te kimi huarahi hoki ki tētahi heke mai e pai ake ana te noho tahi i waenganui i ngā mea e rua. Mā te whakanui me te ako mai i ngā tikanga tuku iho me ngā mātauranga, me te whakauru i ngā auahatanga pāpori pumau, ka taea e tātou te hanga i tētahi heke mai pai ake, pumau ake mō te katoa.
