Nā ʻAno ʻē, nā Maʻi, a me nā Maʻi o ka ʻŌnaehana Hoʻoulu: He Loiloi Hohonu
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hānau kanaka kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana paʻakikī a koʻikoʻi loa i ke kino no ke ola ʻana o nā ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia ʻōnaehana ke loaʻa i nā maʻi like ʻole, nā maʻi, a me nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kāna hana a me kona olakino. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā maʻi, nā maʻi, a me nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hānau, a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻokele pono a me ka pale ʻana.
1. Hoʻolauna i ka ʻōnaehana hānau hou
Ma mua o ke komo ʻana i loko o nā maʻi a me nā ʻano maʻi, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano kumu a me ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana hānau. I nā kāne, aia i loko o kēia ʻōnaehana nā ʻōpū e like me nā testes, prostate, a me ka penis, e hana ana i ka hana ʻana a me ka hānau ʻana o ka sperm. I kēia manawa, aia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hānau wahine nā ovaries, nā fallopian tubes, ka uterus, a me ka vagina, nona ke kuleana i ka ovulation, fertilization, a me ka hāpai ʻana.
2. Nā ʻano ʻē i hānau ʻia
ʻO nā ʻano ʻino hānau ʻia he mau ʻano ʻino i loaʻa i ka wā hānau a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana hānau. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano ʻino hānau maʻamau:
– Hypospadias: He ʻano ʻē no ke kāne kahi e waiho ai ka puka urethral ma lalo o ka penis, ma mua o ka wēlau. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā pilikia me ka mimi ʻana a me ka hana moekolohe.
– Müllerian agenesis: He kūlana i nā wahine kahi i ulu pono ʻole ai nā ʻano o ka uterine a me nā ʻano o luna o ka vagina. ʻAʻole paha e hoʻomaka ka menstruation o nā wahine me kēia kūlana a i ʻole he pilikia hānau keiki.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi hānau ʻole e pili pinepine i kahi ʻoki ʻoki a me ka lāʻau hormone, ma muli o ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi.
3. Nā maʻi hormonal
Hiki i nā maʻi hormonal ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana hānau ʻana i nā kāne a me nā wahine. ʻO kekahi mau maʻi hormonal maʻamau:
– Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): He kūlana i nā wahine i hōʻailona ʻia e ka hormonal imbalance, hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā wā ʻino, ka ulu nui ʻana o ka lauoho, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hāpai ʻana. Ua pili pū ʻia ka PCOS me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka maʻi diabetes a me nā maʻi puʻuwai.
– Hypogonadism: He kūlana kahi e hana ai nā kelepa wahine i nā hormones wahine liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe paha. I nā kāne, hiki i kēia ke kumu i ka nele o ka makemake i ka moekolohe, ka luhi, a me ka hānau ʻole ʻana, ʻoiai i nā wahine, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka menstruation a me ka hānau ʻole ʻana.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana no nā maʻi hormonal e pili pinepine i ka hormone therapy, nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona.
4. Nā maʻi laha ma ke ʻano moekolohe (STIs)
ʻO nā STI kekahi o nā pilikia olakino nui e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana hānau. ʻO kekahi o nā STI maʻamau:
– Chlamydia a me Gonorrhea: Nā maʻi bacteria e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi urinary tract a me ka maʻi pelvic inflammatory i nā wahine, a me ka urethritis i nā kāne. Hiki i nā mea ʻelua ke alakaʻi i ka infertility inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia.
– ʻO ka herpes genital: He maʻi viral e hoʻoulu ai i nā ʻeha ma ka ʻāpana genital. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ka herpes, hiki i nā lāʻau antiviral ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me ka pilikia o ka laha ʻana.
– Human Papillomavirus (HPV): He maʻi hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā ʻōuli genital a ua pili pū ʻia me ke kanesa cervical, penile, a me ka ʻāʻī. Hiki i ka lāʻau pale HPV ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi.
5. Ka maʻi ʻōnaehana hānau hou
Hiki i kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana hānau, e like me:
– Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōpū: ʻO ka maʻi HPV ka mea maʻamau i hana ʻia e ka maʻi. ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana ma o Pap smears a me ka lāʻau pale ʻana i ka HPV he mau hana koʻikoʻi ia i ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.
– Ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate: He maʻi ʻaʻai maʻamau kēia i nā kāne, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka poʻe ʻelemakule. He mea nui nā nānā mau ʻana no ka ʻike mua ʻana.
– Ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular: ʻOiai he mea kakaikahi, ʻo ia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i waena o nā kāne ʻōpio. Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua ponoʻī maʻamau ke kōkua i ka ʻike mua ʻana.
6. Nā maʻi hānau keiki
Hoʻopilikia nā maʻi hānau keiki i ka hiki o ke kanaka a i ʻole ke kāne a wahine paha ke loaʻa nā keiki. I nā kāne, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e ka helu sperm haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka sperm ʻano ʻē, ʻoiai i nā wahine, hiki ke hana ʻia e nā pilikia ovulation a i ʻole nā kūlana ʻole o ka uterine.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana no nā pilikia hānau keiki e pili pinepine i nā ʻano hana hānau kōkua, e like me ka insemination artificial a i ʻole ka in vitro fertilization (IVF), a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kumu kumu.
7. Ke Koʻikoʻi o ka Hoʻonaʻauao a me ka Kāohi ʻana
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka pale ʻana a me ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka laha a me ka hopena o nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hānau keiki. ʻO kekahi mau hana koʻikoʻi:
– Hoʻonaʻauao Moekolohe: ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻike pololei e pili ana i ke olakino hānau hou, nā STI, a me nā hana moe kolohe palekana e hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia o ka maʻi a me ka hāpai ʻana i makemake ʻole ʻia.
– Ka pale ʻana: Hiki i nā pale no ka HPV a me ka hepatitis B ke pale i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana hānau keiki.
– Nā Nānā Maʻamau: ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana ma o nā nānā olakino maʻamau hiki ke ʻike i nā pilikia ma mua o ko lākou lilo ʻana i mea koʻikoʻi, e like me ka Pap smear no ke kanesa o ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole kahi hoʻāʻo PSA no ke kanesa o ka prostate.
8. Manaʻo
Hiki i nā maʻi, nā pilikia, a me nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hānau ke hoʻopilikia nui i ke olakino a me ke ʻano o ke ola o ke kanaka. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo a hoʻomaopopo i kēia mau kūlana, a me ka hahai ʻana i ka mālama pono a me ka pale ʻana. Me nā ʻanuʻu kūpono, hiki ke hoʻokele pono ʻia kēia mau pilikia he nui, e hiki ai i nā kānaka ke alakaʻi i nā ola olakino a ʻoi aku ka huahua. ʻO ka hoʻonaʻauao, nā lāʻau pale, a me nā nānā olakino maʻamau he mau kumu koʻikoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino hānau.
