Ukunyakaza okuyindilinga okufanayo

Isihloko mayelana nokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo

Empilweni yansuku zonke, sivame ukuhlangana nezinto ezihamba ngokujikeleza okufanayo. Isibonelo sento ehamba ngokujikeleza okufanayo yinaliti yesibili, inaliti yemizuzu, kanye nenaliti yewashi ewashini le-analog. Inaliti yesibili ihlala ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360 o imizuzwana engu-60 (umzuzu owodwa) noma ijikeleza nge- engeli engu -6 o umzuzwana owodwa. Inaliti yemizuzu ihlala ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360 o imizuzu engu-60 (ihora elilodwa) noma ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-6 o umzuzu owodwa. Inaliti yehora nayo ihlala ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360 o amahora angu-24 (usuku olulodwa). Uma into ihamba ngendilinga evamile njengenaliti yesibili, inaliti yemizuzu, noma inaliti yewashi kuthiwa izinto zenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo. Ungacabanga ngezibonelo zezinto ezihamba ngokujikeleza?

Incazelo yokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo

Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo kunezincazelo ezimbili. Okokuqala, kuthiwa into yenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okungafani uma nje into ihamba ngendilinga, ijubane lento lihlala lingaguquguquki noma ijubane lengxenye ngayinye yento lihlala lingaguquguquki. Okwesibili, kuthiwa into yenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo uma ijubane le-angular lento lihlala lingaguquguquki. Ijubane le-angular liyinani le-vector. Ngakho-ke, ijubane le-angular liqukethe ubukhulu kanye nesiqondiso sejubane le-angular. Ukuze uqonde kangcono incazelo yokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo, bheka umfanekiso olandelayo.

Ijubane le-angular (ω) aliguquguquki

Buyekeza inalithi yesibili ewashini lodonga le-analog. Uma inalithi yesibili ijikeleza, zonke izingxenye zenalithi yesibili, zombili ezitholakala ekugcineni, maphakathi, naseduze kwe-axis, zijikeleza ndawonye. Ngoba zonke izingxenye zenalithi yesibili zijikeleza ndawonye, ​​​​lapho inalithi yesibili ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360 o (ukujikeleza okukodwa), zonke izingxenye zesandla sesibili nazo zijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360 o (ukujikeleza okukodwa). Uma inalithi yesibili ithatha i-engeli engu-36 o (ukujikeleza okukodwa) imizuzwana engu-60 (umzuzu owodwa), zonke izingxenye zenalithi yesibili nazo zijikeleza i-engeli engu-360 o imizuzwana engu-60 (umzuzu owodwa).

Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo 1

Ijubane le-angular lenaliti yesibili lingu-6 o / s.

ω = isivinini se-angular, θ = i-engeli, t = isikhathi

Ijubane le-angular lenaliti yesibili lihlala lingu-6 o / s futhi isiqondiso sejubane le-angular (isiqondiso sokujikeleza) senalithi yesibili sihlala singaguquguquki.

Isivinini (v) asiguquki

Uma inaliti yesibili ijikeleza imizuzwana engama-60 (umzuzu owodwa), zonke izingxenye zenaliti yesibili, kungaba eduze kwe-axis noma kude ne-axis nazo zijikeleza imizuzwana engama-60 (umzuzu owodwa). Nakuba isikhathi sezikhawu zazo zonke izingxenye zenaliti yesibili sifana, okungukuthi imizuzwana engama-60, ubude bomzila odlula engxenyeni ngayinye yenaliti yesibili buyahlukahluka. Ingxenye yenaliti yesibili eseduze ne-axis inomzila omfushane, kanti ingxenye yenaliti yesibili ekude ne-axis inomzila omude.

Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo 2

v = isivinini, d = ubude, t = isikhawu sesikhathi, T = isikhathi (isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kujikelezwe umjikelezo owodwa), r = ibanga ukusuka ku-axis yokujikeleza.

Ngokusekelwe kufomula yejubane, kungaphethwa ngokuthi ijubane lengxenye ngayinye yenalithi yesibili lincike ebangeni layo ukusuka ku-axis of rotation (r). Uma ikude ne-axis (enkulu), ijubane liba likhulu. Nakuba ijubane lengxenye ngayinye yenalithi lihlukile, ijubane lengxenye ngayinye yenalithi lihlala lingaguquguquki.

Ukusheshisa kwe-Centripetal

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokusheshisa ekuhambeni okujikelezayo, okungukuthi ukusheshisa kwe-angular kanye nokusheshisa okuqondile. Ukusheshisa kwe-angular kwenzeka lapho ijubane le-angular (ijubane le-angular) noma isiqondiso sejubane le-angular lishintsha. Esikhundleni somugqa oqondile, ukusheshisa kwenzeka lapho ijubane noma isiqondiso sejubane sishintsha. Ekuhambeni okujikelezayo okufanayo, ijubane le-angular kanye nesiqondiso sejubane le-angular zihlala zinjalo. Ngakho-ke, akukho ukusheshisa kwe-angular ekuhambeni okujikelezayo okufanayo. Ekuhambeni okujikelezayo okufanayo, ijubane kuphela elihlala linjalo. Isiqondiso sejubane sihlala sishintsha noma singaguquguquki. Ngenxa yokuthi isiqondiso sejubane eliqondile sihlala sishintsha, kumele kube nokusheshisa okuqondile ekuhambeni okujikelezayo okufanayo.

Ukusheshisa okwenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko endleleni yejubane kubizwa ngokuthi ukusheshisa kwe-centripetal. Ukusheshisa kwe-centripetal kubizwa nangokuthi ukusheshisa kwe-radial. Ukusheshisa kwe-centripetal noma ukusheshisa kwe-radial uhlobo lokusheshisa okuqondile. Ukusheshisa kwe-centripetal kuyinani le-vector. Ngakho-ke, ukusheshisa kwe-centripetal kunobukhulu kanye nesiqondiso.

Ubukhulu bokusheshisa kwe-centripetal:

Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo 3Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo 4

a c = ubukhulu bokusheshisa kwe-centripetal

v = isivinini

r = ibanga ukusuka ku-axis

ω = isivinini se-angular

Imibuzo nezimpendulo zomqondo mayelana nokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo

  1. Umbuzo: Kusho ukuthini ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo? Impendulo: Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo kubhekisela ekunyakazeni kwento ehamba ngesivinini esingaguquki endleleni ejikelezayo.
  2. Umbuzo: Hlobo luni lokusheshisa olutholwa yinto enyakazayo efanayo? Impendulo: Into ejikelezayo efanayo ibhekana nokusheshisa okuphakathi okuhlala kuqondiswe enkabeni yendlela ejikelezayo.
  3. Umbuzo: Ijubane lento ejikelezayo efanayo lishintsha kanjani? Impendulo: Ekuhambeni okujikelezayo okufanayo, ubukhulu bejubane buhlala bunjalo, kodwa isiqondiso salo sishintsha njalo, ngakho-ke ijubane alinjalo njalo.
  4. Umbuzo: Chaza futhi uchaze ifomula yobukhulu bokusheshisa kwe-centripetal. Impendulo: Ifomula yobukhulu bokusheshisa kwe-centripetal ingu-a = v²/r, lapho u-v kuyijubane lento kanye no-r kuyirediyasi yendlela eyindilinga. Le fomula imelela iqiniso lokuthi ukusheshisa kuhambelana ngqo nesikwele sejubane futhi kuhambisana ngokuphambene nerediyasi.
  5. Umbuzo: Yini enikeza amandla aphakathi eplanethi ezungeza ilanga? Impendulo: Amandla adonsela phansi phakathi kweplanethi nelanga ahlinzeka ngamandla aphakathi nendawo agcina iplanethi ihamba endaweni yayo.
  6. Umbuzo: Yini engenzeka ngejubane leplanethi njengoba isondela elangeni ngomjikelezo wayo ojikelezayo? Impendulo: Ngokomthetho wesibili kaKepler (umthetho wezindawo), iplanethi ihamba ngokushesha uma iseduze nelanga futhi ihamba kancane uma ikude.
  7. Umbuzo: Kukusiphi isimo lapho amandla aphakathi nendawo eba yi-zero entweni ehamba ngendlela eyindilinga? Impendulo: Uma into ikhishwa endleleni yayo eyindilinga, amandla aphakathi nendawo aba yi-zero njengoba kungasekho mandla adonsela into phakathi nendawo.
  8. Umbuzo: Iyiphi indima edlalwa ukungqubuzana ekunyakazeni okujikelezayo okufanayo kwemoto ehamba ejikeni? Impendulo: Uma imoto ihambahamba ekhoneni, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamathayi nomgwaqo kunikeza amandla afanele okuphakathi ukuze imoto iqhubeke ihamba ngendlela eyindilinga.
  9. Umbuzo: Ingabe into ingaba semzimbeni ofanayo wokujikeleza? Impendulo: Cha, into ejikelezayo efanayo ayilingani ngoba kukhona amandla asebenzayo kuyo (amandla aphakathi nendawo) kanye noshintsho oluqhubekayo endleleni ijubane layo elihamba ngayo.
  10. Umbuzo: Iyini indlela yevektha yejubane kunoma iyiphi indawo endleleni eyindilinga? Impendulo: Noma nini endleleni eyindilinga, i-vector yejubane ithinta indilinga futhi iqonde lapho kuhamba khona.
  11. Umbuzo: Ungakwandisa kanjani ukusheshisa kwe-centripetal kwento ngokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo? Impendulo: Ukusheshisa kwe-centripetal kungandiswa ngokwandisa ijubane lento noma ngokunciphisa i-radius yendlela eyindilinga.
  12. Umbuzo: Kungenzeka yini ukuthi into ibe nesivinini esingaguquki kodwa iqhubeke nokusheshisa? Chaza ngokubhekisela ekunyakazeni okujikelezayo okufanayo. Impendulo: Yebo, ngokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo, into ihamba ngesivinini esingaguquki kodwa ijubane layo aliguquki ngoba isiqondiso sayo sishintsha njalo. Ukushintsha kwejubane kusho ukusheshisa (ukusheshisa okuphakathi nendawo).
  13. Umbuzo: Ingabe kukhona umsebenzi owenziwe amandla aphakathi entweni enyakazayo ngokuzungeza okufanayo? Impendulo: Cha, umsebenzi owenziwa amandla aphakathi awu-zero ngoba amandla aqonde ngqo ohlangothini lokunyakaza, futhi umsebenzi uchazwa njengengxenye yamandla ohlangothini lokunyakaza.
  14. Umbuzo: Kwenzekani entweni ejikelezayo efanayo uma amandla aphakathi nendawo enyamalala ngokuzumayo? Impendulo: Uma amandla aphakathi nendawo enyamalala ngokuzumayo, into yayizohamba ngomugqa oqondile iqonde endleleni eyindilinga, ilandela umthetho wokuqala kaNewton wokunyakaza.
  15. Umbuzo: Iyini ifomula yamandla aphakathi nendawo? Impendulo: Ifomula yamandla aphakathi nendawo yi-F = mv²/r, lapho u-m eyisisindo sento, u-v eyisivinini, kanye no-r iyirediyasi yendlela eyindilinga.
  16. Umbuzo: Isisindo sento sithinta kanjani amandla aphakathi nendawo ekunyakazeni okujikelezayo okufanayo? Impendulo: Amandla aphakathi nendawo alingana ngqo nobunzima bento. Uma ubunzima bukhuphuka, amandla aphakathi nendawo nawo azokhula, uma kucatshangelwa ijubane kanye nerediyasi kuhlala kungaguquki.
  17. Umbuzo: Ingabe isikhathi sokujikeleza sincike ebuningini bento enyakazayo eyindilinga efanayo? Impendulo: Cha, isikhathi sokujikeleza asixhomekile ebuningini bento. Sixhomeke kuphela esivinini sento kanye nerediyasi yendlela eyindilinga.
  18. Umbuzo: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamandla e-centrifugal namandla e-centripetal? Impendulo: Amandla ase-Centripetal ngamandla angempela asebenza enkabeni yendilinga ebangela ukunyakaza okujikelezayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amandla ase-Centrifugal angamandla aqanjiwe abonakala ohlakeni lokubhekisela olujikelezayo, asebenza ngaphandle, kude nesikhungo sokujikeleza.
  19. Umbuzo: Kungani amandla aphakathi nendawo engenzi noma yimuphi umsebenzi ngokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo? Impendulo: Amandla aphakathi nendawo awenzi noma yimuphi umsebenzi ngokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo ngoba amandla ahlala eqondene nokunyakaza kwento. Njengoba umsebenzi uwumkhiqizo wamachashazi wamandla nokushukuma, kanti i-cosine yama-degree angu-90 ingu-zero, akukho msebenzi owenziwayo.

  20. Umbuzo: Ingabe ijubane lento enyakazayo efanayo lingashintsha? Impendulo: Ekunyakazeni okufanayo, ijubane lento lihlala linjalo. Kodwa-ke, uma ijubane lingashintsha, ngeke lisabhekwa njengokunyakaza okufanayo. Kunalokho lizobhekwa njengokunyakaza okungahambisani, okubandakanya kokubili ukusheshisa okuphakathi nendawo kanye nokuthambekela.

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