Izibalo ze-Fluid - izinkinga nezixazululo

Izibalo ze-Fluid - izinkinga nezixazululo

Umfutho woketshezi

1. Kuyini i-dukuqhathanisa phakathi kwengcindezi ye-hydrostatic yegazi phakathin ubuchopho kanye nengxenye yomzimbas of izinyawo zika umuntu okuphakama kwakhe kungu-165 cm (ake sithi Ubuningi kwegazi = 1.0 × 10³ kg / m³, ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi = 10m/s²)

Kwaziwa:

Ukuphakama (h) = 165 cm = 165/100 m = 1.65 amamitha

Ubuningi begazi (ρ) = 1.0 × 10³ kg / m³

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s²

Okufunayo: ukucindezela koketshezi

Isixazululo:

P = ρ gh

P = (1.0 × 10³)(10)(1.65)

P = (1.0 × 10⁴)(1.65)

P = 1.65 x 10⁴ N / m²

Ipayipi Eliphezulu

2. Ipayipi le-AU liqala ligcwaliswe ngamanzi kunepayipi elilodwa eligcwele uwoyela, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Ubuningi bamanzi buyi-1000 kg/m2³Uma ukuphakama kwamafutha kungu-8 cm kanti ukuphakama kwamanzi kungu-5 cm, kungakanani ukuminyana kwamafutha?

Kwaziwa:

Ubuningi bamanzi = 1000 kg.m^-3

Ukuphakama kwamanzi (h₂= 5cm

Ukuphakama kwamafutha (h₁= 8cm

Kufunwa: ukuminyana amafutha

Isixazululo:

ρ₁ i-gh₁ =ρ₂ i-gh₂

ρ₁ h₁ =ρ₂ h₂

(1000)(5) = (ρ₂)(8)

5000 = (ρ₂)(8)

ρ₂ = 625 kg.m^-3

3. Ipayipi le-AU laqala lagcwaliswa ngophalafini labe selingezwa amanzi. Uma isisindo se uphethiloli ungamagremu angu-0.8/cm³ futhi ukuminyana kwamanzi ingu-1 gram/cm³ futhi indawo yesigaba esiphambeneyo ingu-1.25 cm². Nquma ukuthi kungakanani amanzi kufanele engezwe ukuze umehluko wokuphakama kwe Ubuso be-kerosene buyi-15 cm

A. 9 ml

B. 12 ml

C. 15 ml

D. 18 ml

Kwaziwa:

Ubuningi be-parafini (ρ)₁) = 0.8 amagremu/cm³

Ubuningi bamanzi (ρ)₂) = 1 amagremu/cm³

Indawo yesigaba sepayipie = 1.25cm²

Umehluko wokuphakama kobuso be-parafini (h₁= 15cm

Kufunwa: Umthamo wamanzi

Isixazululo:

Ukuphakama kwamanzi (h₂):

ρ₁ i-gh₁ = ρ₂ i-gh₂

(0,8)(15)(1)(h)₂)

h₂ = 12cm

Umthamo wamanzi:

V = (Indawo yesigaba sepayipie)ukuphakama kwamanzi)

V = (1.25 cm)²)(12 cm)

V = 15 cm³

Ilitha eli-1 = 1 dm³ = 10³ cm³

I-millilitha eli-1 = 10^-3 ilithas = (10^-3)(10³cm)³ = 1cm³

Umthamo wamanzi ungama-15 cm³ = amamililitha ayi-15

Impendulo efanele ithi C.

4. Ipayipi U eligcwele amanzi anobukhulu obungu-1000 kg/m2³Ikholomu eyodwa yepayipi U egcwele i-glycerin enobukhulu obungu-1200 kg/m2³Uma ukuphakama kwe-glycerin kungu-4 cm, thola umehluko wokuphakama kwamakholomu womabili epayipi.

A. 0.8 cm

B. 4 cm

C. 8 cm

D. 12 cm

Kwaziwa:

Ubuningi bamanzi (ρ)₁) = 1000 kg/m³

Ubuningi be-glycerin (ρ)₂) = 1200 kg/m³

Ukuphakama kwe-glycerin (h₂= 4cm

Okufunayo: Umehluko wokuphakama kwamakholomu womabili epayipi.

Isixazululo:

Ukuphakama kwekholomu yepayipi (h₁):

ρ₁ h₁ = ρ₂ h₂

(1000)(amahora)₁) = (1200)(4)

(1000)(amahora)₁= = 4800

h₁ = 4.8cm

Umehluko wokuphakama kwamakholomu womabili epayipi U = h₁ - h₂ = 4.8 cm - 4 cm = 0.8 cm

Impendulo eyiyo ngu-A.

5. Ipayipi Unayo izinhlangothi ezimbili zivulekile zigcwele amanzi nge isisindo of 1 g / cm³Indawo yesigaba eceleni kwepayipi iyafana, okungu-1 cm²Othile uyashaya on umkhawulo owodwa wonyawo lombhobho ukuze ubuso be amanzi ngakolunye unyawo aphakama ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ukusuka endaweni yawo yokuqala. Uma the ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi is 10 m/s2 bese inqume amandla wenza lokho umuntu.

A. 20 kilodynes

B. 10 kilodynes

C. 2 kilodynes

D. 1 kilodyne

Kwaziwa:

Shintsha wonke amayunithi abe uhlelo lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Ubuningi bamanzi (ρ)₁) = 1 gr/cm³ = 10^-3 kg / 10^-6 m³ = 10³ kg / m³

Indawo yesiphambano sepayipi (A) = 1 cm² = 10^-4 m²

Ushintsho lwekholomu yepayipi (h) = 10 cm = 1 dm = 10^-1 m

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms^-2 = 10¹ Nks.^-2

Umthamo wamanzi ahambayo (V) = (A)(h) = (1 cm)²)(10 cm) = 10 cm³ = (10¹)(10^-6 m³= = 10^-5 m³

Kufunwa: Amandla (F) asetshenziswa ngumuntu.

Isixazululo:

Amandla asebenze yilowo muntu = isisindo samanzi anokuphakama okungu-10 cm

F = w

F = mg —–> Isibalo sobuningi: m = ρ V

F = ρ V g

F = (10)³)(10^-5)(10¹)

F = (10)⁴)(10^-5)

F=10^-1 I-Newton —–> 1 uNewton = 10⁵ mxolisi

F = (10)^-1)(10⁵ dyne)

F=10⁴ mxolisi

F = amakhilodine ayi-10

Impendulo efanele ngu-B.

6. Ipayipi elinomumo ka-Y lifakwa libheke phansi ukuze unyawo lwesobunxele nonyawo lwesokudla kucwiliswe ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zoketshezi. Ngemva kokuba zombili izinyawo zicwiliswe oketshezini, khona-ke ingxenye ephezulu yepayipi lika-Y ivalwa ngomunwe bese idonswa phezulu, ukuze imilenze emibili yepayipi lika-Y igcwaliswe ngekholomu yoketshezi oluhlukahlukene olunobukhulu obuphezulu. Uma ubukhulu boketshezi lokuqala bungu-0.80 gram.cm^-3 kanye nobuningi besibili is 0.75 amagremu/cm^-3, futhi ikholomu engezansi yoketshezi ingu-8 cm, bese kuba inqume umehluko wokuphakama phakathi kwamakholomu amabili e-liquid ku-U pipe.

A. 1.0666 cm

B. 0.9375 cm

C. 0.3533 cm

D. 0.5333 cm

Kwaziwa:

Ubuningi boketshezi lokuqala (ρ₁) = 0,80 amagremu.cm^-3

Ubuningi boketshezi lwesibili (ρ₂) = 0,75 amagremu.cm^-3

Ukuphakama koketshezi oluphansi (h₁= 8cm

Kufunwa: Tumehluko wokuphakama phakathi kwamakholomu amabili oketshezi ku-U pipe

Isixazululo:

Tukuphakama kwe uketshezi oluphezulu (h₂):

ρ₁ h₁ = ρ₂ h₂

(0.80)(8) = (0.75)(h)₂)

6.4 = 0.75 (ihora₂)

h₂ = 6.4/0.75

h₂ = 8.5cm

Umehluko wokuphakama koketshezi = h₂ - h₁ = 8.5333 cm - 8 cm = 0.5333 cm

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

Amandla amakhulu

7. Itshe elinomthamo ongu-0.5 m³ ibekwe oketshezini olunobukhulu obungu-1.5 gr cm^-3. Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi kungu-10 ms^-2. Iyini amandla anamandla?

Kwaziwa:

Umthamo wetshe (V) = 0.5 m³

Ubuningi bamanzi (ρ) = 1.5 gr cm^-3 = 1500 kg m^-3

Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 ms^-2

Okufunayo: amandla okuphapha (F)_A)

Isixazululo:

Isibalo samandla agelezayo:

F_A = ρ g V = (1500 kg m^-3)(10 ms^-2)(0.5 m³) = 7500 kg m/s² = 7500 uNewton

I-Float

8. Ibhulokhi leqhwa liyantanta olwandle njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Ubuningi bolwandle buyi-1.2 gr cm^-3 futhi ubuningi beqhwa bungu-0.9 gr c^-3. Umthamo weqhwa emanzini olwandle = ……. x umthamo weqhwa emoyeni.

Kwaziwa:

Ubuningi bolwandle (ρ)_Ulwandle) = 1.2 gr cm^-3

Ubuningi beqhwa (ρ)_Ice) = 0.9 gr c^-3

Okufunayo: Umthamo weqhwa emanzini olwandle = ……. x umthamo weqhwa emoyeni.

Isixazululo:

Umthamo weqhwa olwandle = 0.75

Umthamo weqhwa emoyeni = 0.25

Umthamo weqhwa emanzini olwandle = 3 x umthamo weqhwa emoyeni (3 x 0.25 = 0.75).

9. Into intanta oketshezini lapho u-2/3 wento useketshezini. Uma ubukhulu bento bungu-0.6 gr cm³, pho kuyini ukuminyana kwamanzi.

Kwaziwa:

Ingxenye yento ewuketshezi = 2/3

Ubuningi bento = 0.6 g cm³ = 600 kg m³

Okufunayo: ubuningi boketshezi (x)

Isixazululo:

Ubuningi boketshezi buyi-900 kg m³

10. Izinkuni zintanta emanzini, lapho ingxenye engu-3/5 yezinkuni isemanzini. Uma ubuningi bamanzi bungu-1 × 10³ kg / m³, buyini ubukhulu bokhuni?

Kwaziwa:

Ingxenye yento emanzini = 3/5

Ubuningi bamanzi = 1×10³ kg / m³ = 1000 kg / m³

Kufunwa: Ubuningi bokhuni (x)

Isixazululo:

Ubuningi bokhuni bungu-600 kg/m2³ = 6 x10² kg / m³

1. Kuyini uketshezi oluqhubekayo?
   • Impendulo: I-fluid statics, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-hydrostatics, iyigatsha le-fluid mechanics elifunda uketshezi oluphumuzayo kanye namandla asetshenziswa uketshezi olunganyakazi ezintweni ezicwilisiwe kanye nezindonga zesitsha.
2. Ingcindezi kuketshezi ihluka kanjani ngokujula?
   • Impendulo: Kuketshezi olunganyakazi, ingcindezi iyanda ngokulandelana ngokujula ngenxa yesisindo sekholomu yoketshezi ngaphezu kwanoma yikuphi ukujula okunikeziwe. Ushintsho ekucindezelweni ngokujula lunikezwa yi $\Delta P=\rho gh$, lapho $\rho$ ukuminyana koketshezi, $g$ ukusheshisa kwamandla adonsela phansi, futhi $h$ ukujula.
3. Iyini isimiso sikaPascal?
   • Impendulo: Isimiso sikaPascal sithi ushintsho ekucindezelweni okusetshenziswa kuketshezi oluvalekile ludluliselwa lungapheli kuzo zonke izingxenye zoketshezi nasezindongeni zesitsha salo.
4. Isebenza kanjani i-hydraulic lift ngokusekelwe ezimisweni ze-fluid statics?
   • Impendulo: I-hydraulic lift isebenzisa isimiso sikaPascal. Uma amandla amancane esetshenziswa episton encane, idala ingcindezi kuketshezi. Lokhu kucindezela kudluliselwa kunganciphi kulo lonke uketshezi, kusebenzisa amandla amakhulu kakhulu episton enkulu, okwenza i-lift ikwazi ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo ngomzamo omncane kakhulu.
5. Iyini amandla okuphapha futhi ahlobene kanjani ne-fluid statics?
   • Impendulo: Amandla okuphapha ngamandla aphezulu asetshenziswa uketshezi kunoma iyiphi into ecwilisiwe. Ngokomthetho ka-Archimedes, amandla okuphapha entweni alingana nesisindo soketshezi olususwe yinto.
6. Kungani izinto zintanta noma zicwila oketshezini?
   • Impendulo: Ukuthi into iyantanta noma iyacwila kuncike ebuhlotsheni obuphakathi kwamandla okuntanta kanye nesisindo sento. Uma amandla okuntanta (ngenxa yoketshezi olususiwe) makhulu kunesisindo sento, izontanta. Uma isisindo sento sikhulu, izocwila.
7. Uyini umqondo wokucindezela kwe-hydrostatic?
   • Impendulo: Ukucindezela kwe-hydrostatic yingcindezi ekhishwa uketshezi oluphumulile ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi. Iyanda ngokulandelana ngokujula koketshezi, futhi ibalwa ngokuthi P=P₀A+ρgh, lapho P₀A ukucindezela okungaphezulu, $\rho$ ukuminyana koketshezi, $g$ ukusheshisa kwamandla adonsela phansi, futhi $h$ ukujula.
8. Ingcindezi yomoya ihlobene kanjani ne-fluid statics?
   • Impendulo: Umkhathi ungacatshangwa njengoketshezi. Umfutho womoya umfutho okhishwa yisisindo somoya ngaphezu kwephuzu elithile. Uyancipha ngokuphakama, ngendlela efanayo nendlela umfutho oketshezini oncipha ngayo njengoba umuntu ekhuphukela phezulu kukholamu yoketshezi.
9. Iyiphi indima edlalwa ukuma kwesitsha ekusatshalalisweni kwengcindezi yoketshezi olungaguquki ngaphakathi kwaso?
   • Impendulo: Ku-fluid statics, ingcindezi ekujuleni okunikeziwe incike kuphela ekuphakameni kwekholomu yoketshezi ngaphezu kwalokho kujula, hhayi ekumeni kwesitsha. Ngakho-ke, ingcindezi ekujuleni okuthile iyafana kungakhathaliseki ukuma kwesitsha.
10. Iyini ukubaluleka kwe-hydrostatic paradox?

• Impendulo: I-hydrostatic paradox iqokomisa ukuthi kuma-static e-fluid, amandla asetshenziswa uketshezi oluqhubekayo phansi kwesitsha ancike kuphela ekuphakameni kwekholomu ye-fluid, hhayi kumthamo wayo noma ukuma kwesitsha. Ngakho-ke, izitsha ezihlukene kakhulu ezinokuphakama okufanayo koketshezi zinomfutho ofanayo esisekelweni sazo, noma ngabe ziphethe amanani ahlukene oketshezi.