Amaphrojekthi Okwakha Odumile Emhlabeni Wonke
Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, njengokubonakaliswa kobuciko nobunjiniyela, bekulokhu kuwubufakazi obuthule bohambo lwempucuko yabantu. Kusukela ezakhiweni zasendulo ezazifanekisela amandla kuya ezakhiweni zesimanje eziphonsela inselelo imingcele yobunjiniyela nezinto zokwakha, amaphrojekthi okwakha adumile emhlabeni ayaqhubeka nokukhuthaza nokumangaza abaningi. Lesi sihloko sizohlola eminye yemiklamo yokwakha edumile emhlabeni, isizinda sayo, imiklamo, kanye nethonya elibalulekile.
1. Umbhoshongo i-Eiffel (eFrance)
UMbhoshongo i-Eiffel eParis, eFrance, ungenye yezindawo ezidumile emhlabeni. Njengoba yaklanywa ngunjiniyela uGustave Eiffel futhi yaqedwa ngo-1889 eParis World's Fair, lo mbhoshongo waqala ukugxekwa kakhulu ngumphakathi kanye nabadwebi, ababewubheka njengomubi futhi ongahambisani nobuhle bedolobha. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uMbhoshongo i-Eiffel awuzange ube uphawu lokwakha okusha kuphela kodwa futhi ube uphawu lokuziqhenya kwesizwe saseFrance. Njengoba ungamamitha angu-324 ubude, umbhoshongo unikeza imibono emihle yeParis futhi ubonisa amandla obuchwepheshe bokwakha insimbi bangaleso sikhathi.
2. I-Burj Khalifa (i-United Arab Emirates)
I-Burj Khalifa, eyavulwa ngo-2010 eDubai, e-United Arab Emirates, iphethe irekhodi lesakhiwo eside kunazo zonke emhlabeni esingamamitha angu-828. Yaklanywa yinkampani yokwakha ese-US i-Skidmore, i-Owings & Merrill, le nqaba iyisibonelo esivelele samasu okwakha esimanje kanye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zesikhathi esizayo. Iyisikhungo sebhizinisi, sendawo yokuhlala, kanye nesokuzijabulisa esibonisa isifiso se-Dubai sokuba yisikhungo somhlaba wonke sokuhweba, ezokuvakasha kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe.
3. I-Shwedagon Pagoda (eMyanmar)
I-Shwedagon Pagoda, eyaziwa nangokuthi iGolden Pagoda, ingenye yezindawo ezingcwele kakhulu zamaBuddha eMyanmar. I-pagoda, eYangon, ineminyaka engaphezu kuka-2.500 ubudala futhi kukholakala ukuthi igcina izinsalela ezingcwele zamaBuddha. Yaziwa ngedome yayo embozwe ngegolide, le ndawo ayibonisi nje kuphela ukubaluleka kwayo ngokomoya kodwa futhi iveza nezimangaliso zayo zobuciko zakudala. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nokuba khona okungokomoya kudala umbono ojulile futhi kudonsela abahambi kanye nezivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke.
4. I-Taj Mahal (eNdiya)
I-Taj Mahal ese-Agra, eNdiya, ingenye yezibonelo ezidumile kakhulu zokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zaseMughal, inhlanganisela yobuhle bezitayela zasePheresiya, zaseTurkey nezaseNdiya. Yakhiwa nguMbusi uShah Jahan njengesikhumbuzo somkakhe othandekayo, uMumtaz Mahal, lesi sakhiwo saqedwa ngo-1653 futhi saqashelwa njengeNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO ngo-1983. Yakhiwe ngemabula emhlophe ehlotshiswe ngamatshe ayigugu, i-Taj Mahal idume ngokuhambisana kwayo okuphelele nobuhle bayo bobuciko obukhulu, okwenza ithole udumo lokuba ngesinye sezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa ezintsha zomhlaba.
5. ISydney Opera House (e-Australia)
I-Sydney Opera House, etholakala eSydney Harbour, e-Australia, ingumsebenzi womklami waseDenmark uJørn Utzon. Yavulwa ngo-1973, yaba uphawu lwezakhiwo zanamuhla ngenxa yomklamo wayo oyingqayizivele wophahla, ofana noseyili bomkhumbi. Ngaphezu nje kwendlu ye-opera, iSydney Opera House iphinde isekele ubuciko obuningi kanye nemicimbi yamasiko, okwenza kube yindawo yokudala ekhuthaza intuthuko yobuciko e-Australia nasemhlabeni jikelele. Lesi sakhiwo saphinde saqokwa njengeNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO ngo-2007.
6. I-Sagrada Familia (eSpain)
I-La Sagrada Família eBarcelona, eSpain, iyisonto elikhulu elisakhiwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu ngemva kokubekwa kwetshe lalo lesisekelo ngo-1882. Yaklanywa umakhi odumile u-Antoni Gaudí, ihlanganisa izakhi ze-Gothic neze-Art Nouveau futhi ibhekwa njengomsebenzi wokwakha obaluleke kakhulu noyinkimbinkimbi kaGaudí. Njengoba isonto kulindeleke ukuthi liqedwe ngo-2026, ikhulu leminyaka ngemva kokufa kukaGaudí, i-Sagrada Família iyisiqiniseko esihlala njalo sokuzinikela komklami kanye nombono wakhe kwezobuciko.
7. IColosseum (e-Italy)
IColosseum eRoma, e-Italy, iyinkundla yemidlalo yeshashalazi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni futhi iwuphawu olunamandla lobuhle boMbuso WaseRoma. Yakhiwa cishe ngo-70–80 AD, iColosseum yayingamukela ababukeli abangafika ku-50,000 ababeze ukuzobuka imincintiswano yokulwa, ukulwa kwezilwane, neminye imicimbi. Isakhiwo sayo esikhulu siwukubonakaliswa kobunjiniyela obuthuthukisiwe besikhathi samaRoma, futhi ukusinda kwayo kuze kube sezikhathini zanamuhla kuwubufakazi bamakhono okwakha asendulo.
8. IMyuziyamu yaseGuggenheim eBilbao (eSpain)
IMyuziyamu yaseGuggenheim iBilbao eSpain ingenye yezibonelo ezivelele kakhulu zokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo okungezona ezokwakha. Yaklanywa umakhi waseMelika uFrank Gehry futhi yavulwa ngo-1997, le mnyuziyamu yaziwa ngengaphandle layo elinobuthi, elinobunjwa obufanayo, elimbozwe ngamaphaneli e-titanium abonisa ukukhanya ngezindlela ezimangalisayo. Lesi sakhiwo asigcini nje ngokuba uphawu lokwakha kodwa futhi sibangele ushintsho kwezomnotho namasiko edolobheni laseBilbao, into eyaziwa ngokuthi “iGuggenheim Effect.”
9. IPetra (iJordani)
I-Petra eJordani ingenye yezindawo eziyingqayizivele nezikhangayo kakhulu emhlabeni ezivubukulayo. Eyaziwa ngokuthi "iRose City" ngenxa yombala wetshe eyaqoshwa ngalo, i-Petra yayiyinhloko-dolobha yaseNabataea eyayichuma njengesikhungo sokuhweba cishe ngekhulu lesi-4 BC. Isakhiwo esiqashelwa kakhulu sale ndawo yi-Al-Khazneh, noma i-Treasury, ithempeli eliqoshwe ngqo edwaleni. Ubuhle be-Petra kanye nokwakheka kwayo okuyingqayizivele kuye kwayitholela indawo njengenye yezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa ezintsha zomhlaba futhi kubonisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwabantu ekudaleni izindawo zokuhlala ngokwemvelo.
Isiphetho
Amaphrojekthi okwakha adumile emhlabeni asebenza okungaphezu nje kwezinjongo zokuhlala, zenkolo, noma zezentengiselwano; ayizibonakaliso ezibonakalayo zokudala komuntu, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nesibindi sokuphupha kakhulu. Kusukela ezakhiweni zasendulo eziye zamelana novivinyo lwesikhathi eside kuya ezakhiweni eziphakeme ezibonisa izifiso zanamuhla, isakhiwo ngasinye sinendaba eyingqayizivele kanye nomyalezo okufanele siwudlulisele. Kulokhu kuzindla, singabona intuthuko yempucuko futhi siqonde ithonya elikhulu le misebenzi yokwakha edumile ebe nalo emhlabeni.
