Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinkuni Ekwakhiweni Kwezindlu
Izinkuni zingenye yezinto zokwakha ezindala kakhulu ezisasebenza nanamuhla. Ekwakhiweni kwezindlu, izinkuni azisebenzi nje kuphela njengesakhi sesakhiwo kodwa futhi njengokwakhiwa kwendawo. Umuzwa wazo ofudumele, wemvelo, noguquguqukayo wenza izinkuni zibe yintandokazi phakathi kwabakhi bezakhiwo kanye nabanini bezindlu ngokufanayo. Naphezu kokuthuthuka kwezinto zesimanje ezifana nensimbi elula, ukhonkolo oqoshiwe, kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe, izinkuni zigcina indawo ekhethekile ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okuhlukile kanye nekhono lokudala isimo esikhululekile ngaphakathi kwekhaya.
1. Izizathu Zokuthi Kungani Izinkuni Zithandwa Emakhaya Okuhlala
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ukhuni luvame ukukhethwa ekwakhiweni kwezindlu. Okokuqala, ukhuni lunenani eliphezulu lobuhle. Okusanhlamvu kwalo, umbala, kanye nokuthungwa kwalo kunikeza imininingwane ebonakalayo okunzima ukuyiphinda ngezinye izinto. Ngisho noma ukhuni lupendwe, isimo salo sihlala sibonakala, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni zokhuni ezinamaphethini okusanhlamvu aqinile njenge-teak noma i-merbau.
Okwesibili, ukhuni lunikeza induduzo yokushisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezifana ne-ceramic noma ukhonkolo, ezivame ukuzizwa zibanda, ukhuni luzizwa lufudumele uma luthintwa. Lokhu kwenza indawo izwakale "iphila" futhi yamukelekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zomndeni, emakamelweni okulala, noma emakamelweni okuhlala.
Okwesithathu, ukhuni kulula ukulubumba nokusebenza ngalo. Ngokwesilinganiso sezindlu, ukulula kokwenziwa kuthinta ukusebenza kahle kwesikhathi kanye nemininingwane yomklamo. Ukhuni luvumela ukudalwa kwezinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezifana nama-lattice, amaphaneli odonga, amashalofu akhelwe ngaphakathi, ngisho nefenisha eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ukuze ilingane nanoma yisiphi isikhala.
2. Izinkuni njengesakhiwo sesakhiwo
Esimweni sesakhiwo, ukhuni lungasetshenziswa ozimele bophahla, izinsika, imishayo, ngisho nokwakhiwa kwezindlu ezenziwe ngokhuni ngokuphelele. Kwezinye izifunda, izindlu zendabuko ezenziwe ngezinti zisebenzisa ukhuni njengesakhiwo esiyinhloko ngenxa yezakhiwo zalo ezilula kodwa eziqinile. Emiklamo yesimanje, ukhuni lusetshenziswa futhi njengento eveziwe, isibonelo, imishayo yokhuni eveziwe ophahleni yengeza isici endaweni.
Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa ukhuni ngezinjongo zokwakha kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kobuchwepheshe. Ikhwalithi yokhuni, okuqukethwe komswakama, kanye nokuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni kanye nomswakama kuyizinto ezibalulekile. Ngezinjongo zokwakha, ukhuni olomisiwe kuhhavini kanye nolugcinwe luvame ukunconywa ukuze luqine futhi luqine.
Ngaphezu kokhuni oluqinile, ukhuni oluklanywe ngobunjiniyela olufana ne-glulam (ukhuni olunamathelisiwe olunamathelisiwe) noma i-LVL (ukhuni olunamathelisiwe olunamathelisiwe) manje selusetshenziswa kabanzi. Lokhu okwenziwe kwenziwa ngezingqimba zokhuni olunamathelisiwe ndawonye, okwenza luzinze kakhulu futhi lukwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside. Emakhaya okuhlala, ukhuni oluklanywe ngobunjiniyela lungaba yisisombululo kulabo abafuna ukubukeka kokhuni kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo.
3. Ukhuni Njengengxenye Yangaphakathi
Izinkuni zivame ukutholakala ngaphakathi kwekhaya, njengoba zithuthukisa isimo esikhululekile nesifudumele. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuyahlukahluka:
a. Izitezi zokhuni
Izitezi zokhuni zakha umuzwa omuhle nowemvelo. Izinketho zokufaka phansi zifaka i-parquet eqinile, i-parquet enjiniyelawe, noma i-vinyl eyenziwe ngokhuni. I-parquet eqinile izwakala iyiqiniso kakhulu kodwa idinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe. I-parquet enjiniyelawe imelana kakhulu nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama, okwenza ifaneleke ezimweni zezulu ezishisayo ezivame ukuba nomswakama.
b. Uphahla oluveziwe kanye nemishayo
Uphahla lwezinkuni ludala umuzwa "wendawo yokungcebeleka" noma ikhaya lesimanje elishisayo. Imishayo eveziwe eshiywe ibonakala ingadala ukugqama okuqinile kwezakhiwo, ikakhulukazi emakamelweni okuhlala noma okudlela.
c. Izindonga namaphaneli okhuni
Ukufakwa kwamaphaneli okhuni ezindongeni kungasebenza njengesici sokugcizelela, isibonelo odongeni olulodwa egumbini lokuphumula, noma njengento ezwakalayo ezindaweni zomsebenzi nezokuzijabulisa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamaphaneli okhuni nokukhanya okumhlophe okufudumele kuvame ukudala isimo esizolile nesiyinkimbinkimbi.
d. Ifenisha eyakhelwe ngaphakathi
Amakhabethe akhelwe ngaphakathi, amashalofu ezincwadi, amasethi ekhishi, kanye nama-headboard okhuni kudala umklamo omuhle ngokuxubana nokwakheka kwegumbi. Ngaphandle kokuba mnandi ngobuhle, ifenisha eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ingandisa indawo yokugcina izinto ekhaya elinesikhala esincane.
4. Izinkuni Ezisebusweni Nasezindaweni Zangaphandle
Ngaphandle, ukhuni lungasetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-latticework, i-pergolas, i-patio decking, i-railings, kanye nemininingwane ye-facade. Izinto zokhuni eziku-facade zisiza ekuthambiseni ukubukeka kwesakhiwo, ikakhulukazi uma ikhaya linokhonkolo noma ingilazi eningi. I-latticework yokhuni ingasebenza njengomthunzi wokunciphisa ukushisa kwelanga ngqo ngenkathi igcina ubumfihlo.
Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa ukhuni ngaphandle kudinga ukuvikelwa okukhulu. Ukuchayeka emvuleni, ekushiseni, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungabangela ukuthi ukhuni luphele, luqhekeke, noma lugobe. Ngakho-ke, ukuqeda okufana namabala okhuni angaphandle kanye nokwembozwa okumelana ne-UV, kanye nokulungiswa njalo, kubalulekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, sebenzisa ukhuni olumelana nesimo sezulu noma usebenzise izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezenziwe ngamaphethini okhuni ezindaweni ezithile lapho ukulungiswa kuyinselele khona.
5. Ukukhetha Uhlobo Olufanele Lwezinkuni
Ukukhetha uhlobo lwezinkuni kufanele kuhambisane nomsebenzi, indawo yokufakwa, kanye nesabelomali. Izinkuni eziqinile ezifana ne-teak zaziwa ngokuqina kwazo kanye nokumelana nezinambuzane, kodwa ziyabiza. I-Merbau noma i-bengkirai zivame ukukhethwa ezindaweni ezidinga amandla nokuqina, njengokuhlobisa. Okwamanje, izinkuni ezifana nephayini noma i-camphor zingasetshenziswa ngaphakathi, ikakhulukazi uma zidlule enkambisweni efanele yokulondolozwa nokuqeda.
Uma kukhulunywa ngomklamo wezindlu, akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusebenzisa izinkuni ezibizayo kuyo yonke imininingwane. Isu elivamile ukubeka izinkuni zekhwalithi ephezulu ezindaweni ezibonakalayo nezisetshenziswa njalo, kuyilapho ezinye izindawo zisebenzisa ezinye izindlela ezingabizi kakhulu kodwa ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
6. Ukuqedwa Nokunakekelwa Kokhuni
Ukuqeda kudlala indima enkulu ekunqumeni ukubukeka nokuqina kokhuni. Kunezinketho eziningana zokuqeda ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, njenge-melamine, i-polyurethane, i-varnish, noma ukuqeda okusekelwe kumafutha. Ukuze kubukeke ngokwemvelo, ukuqeda okusekelwe kumafutha kuvame ukukhethwa ngoba kugqamisa ukhuni, yize kudinga ukulungiswa kabusha njalo. Okwamanje, i-polyurethane ivame ukumelana nokuklwebheka futhi ifanele izindawo ezinabantu abaningi njengezitezi noma ama-countertop.
Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kuhlanganisa ukuhlanza ngendwangu ethambile, ukugwema amanzi amile, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya uhamba kahle ukuze kuvinjelwe isikhunta. Ngaphandle, ukuhlolwa njalo kwesembozo kubalulekile, njengoba ukukhanya kwelanga kungasheshisa ukuwohloka kwezindawo zokhuni.
7. Ukusimama kanye Nezici Zokuziphatha Zokusetshenziswa Kwezinkuni
Esikhathini sokuqwashisa ngemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinkuni nakho kudinga ukucatshangelwa kokusimama. Izinkuni zingaba yinto enobungani nemvelo uma zitholakala ngokusemthethweni futhi ziphathwa kahle. Izitifiketi ezifana ne-FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) noma i-SVLK (SVLK) e-Indonesia zingasebenza njengesilinganiso sokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkuni ezisetshenziswayo zinomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokukhiqiza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa ukhuni olubuyiselwe noma olusetshenziswe kabusha kungaba inketho ekhangayo. Lolu hlobo lokhuni luvame ukuba nomfanekiso ohlukile ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwalo, okwenza lufanelekele imiklamo yezindlu zasemaphandleni, zezimboni, noma zesimanje ezishisayo ezifisa ukubukeka okuhlukile.
8. Isitayela Sokuklama Izinkuni Nekhaya
Izinkuni zihlangana kahle nezitayela ezahlukahlukene. Emakhaya anamuhla alula, izinkuni zivame ukusetshenziswa njengendlela yokuvimbela umoya ukuthi ungabi bandayo kakhulu. Emakhaya aseScandinavia, izinkuni ezilula njenge-oki noma iphayini zivamile, zidala umuzwa ohlanzekile nofudumele. Emakhaya asezindaweni ezishisayo, izinkuni zisetshenziswa kanye nomoya wemvelo, izindonga ezivulekile, kanye nophahla oluphezulu ukudala isimo sezulu esikhululekile. Okwamanje, ezitayeleni zezimboni, izinkuni zivame ukuhlanganiswa nensimbi emnyama kanye nezindonga eziveziwe ukuze kube nomehluko omkhulu.
Isihluthulelo ukulinganisela. Izinkuni eziningi kakhulu endaweni eyodwa zingazwakala zinzima noma zimnyama, ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenziswa izinkuni ezimnyama. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanganisa imibala engathathi hlangothi, ukukhanya okuhle, nezinye izinto ezifana netshe lemvelo, ingilazi, noma ukhonkolo kungasiza ekudaleni ukubukeka okuvumelanayo.
Isiphetho
Ukusetshenziswa kokhuni ekwakhiweni kwezindlu kunikeza ukufudumala okubonakalayo, induduzo, kanye nokuguquguquka ekubumbeni izakhi zokwakha nezangaphakathi. Kusukela ezakhiweni, phansi, ophahleni, amaphaneli odonga, ifenisha, kuya ezintweni zangaphandle, ukhuni lungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yendawo uma lukhethwe kahle futhi lunakekelwa. Nakuba ludinga ukunakwa komswakama, izinambuzane, kanye nokwelashwa kokuqeda, izinzuzo zokhuni zivame ukwedlulwa yinani lobuhle kanye nesimo esidalayo. Ngokukhetha okulungile kwezinhlobo zokhuni, ukuqedwa okulungile, kanye nokunaka ekutholeni izinto eziqhubekayo, ukhuni lungaba utshalomali lwesikhathi eside oluthuthukisa futhi luthuthukise induduzo yekhaya.
