fisiks

1. Bolelele ba focus ba seipone sa khobe-nokoane ke 10 cm mme ntho eo distanta ke 20 cm. Fumana (a) sebaka sa setšoantšo (b) kholo ea setšoantšo

Tse tsejoang:

Bolelele ba focus (f) = -10 cm

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša hore ntlha ea bohlokoa ea seipone se kobehileng ke ea sebele

Sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 20 cm

Tharollo:

Sebopeho sa setšoantšo ka seipone se kobehileng:

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d)_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/10 – 1/20 = -2/20 – 1/20 = -3/20

d_i = -20/3 = -6.7 cm

Letšoao la minus le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele.

Ho holisa setšoantšo:

m = - d_i / d_o = -(-6.7)/20 = 6.7/20 = 0.3

m = 0,3 nako e nyane ho feta ntho eo.

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo se holimo.

2. Ntho e bolelele ba 10 cm e beoa ka pel'a seipone se kobehileng se nang le bolelele ba 20 cm. Fumana bophahamo ba setšoantšo haeba sebaka sa ntho e le (a) 10 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 40 cm (d) 50 cm

Tse tsejoang:

Bolelele ba ntlha ea seipone se kobehileng (f) = -20 cm

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša hore ntlha ea bohlokoa ke ea sebele

Radius ea kobeho (r) = 2 f = 2(20) = 40 cm

Bophahamo ba ntho (h) = 10 cm

Tharollo:

a) bolelele ba focus (f) = -20 cm le sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 10 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d)_i) :

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/20 – 1/10 = -1/20 – 2/20 = -3/20

d_i = -20/3 = -6.7

Letšoao la minus le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele kapa setšoantšo se ka mor'a seipone.

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m):

m = -d_i / d_o = -(-6.7)/10 = 6.7/10 = 0.67

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo se eme hantle.

Setšoantšo se senyenyane ka 0.67 ho feta ntho.

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (h_i):

m = h_i /h_o

h_i =h_o m = (10 cm)(0.67) = 6.7 cm

b) bolelele ba focus (f) = -20 cm le sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 30 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/20 – 1/30 = -3/60 – 2/60 = -5/60

d_i = -60/5 = -12

Letšoao la minus le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele kapa setšoantšo se ka mor'a seipone.

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m):

m = -d_i / d_o = -(-12)/30 = 12/30 = 0.4

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo se eme hantle.

Setšoantšo se senyenyane ka makhetlo a 0,4 ho feta ntho.

Bophahamo ba setšoantšo (h_i):

m =h_i /h_o

h_i =h_o m = (10 cm)(0.4) = 4 cm

c) Bolelele ba focus (f) = -20 cm le sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 40 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/20 – 1/40 = -2/40 – 1/40 = -3/40

d_i = -40/3 = -13.3

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele kapa setšoantšo se ka mor'a seipone se kobehileng.

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m):

m = - d_i / d_o = -(-13.3)/40 = 13.3/40 = 0.3

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo se eme hantle.

Setšoantšo se senyenyane ka 0.3 ho feta ntho.

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (h_i) :

m = h_i / h_o

h_i =h_o m = (10 cm)(0.3) = 3 cm

d) Bolelele ba focus (f) = -20 cm le sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 50 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = -1/20 – 1/50 = -5/100 – 2/100 = -7/100

d_i = -100/7 = -14.3

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele kapa setšoantšo se ka mor'a seipone se kobehileng.

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m):

m = - d_i / d_o = -(-14.3)/50 = 14.3/50 = 0.3

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo se eme hantle.

Setšoantšo se senyenyane ka 0.3 ho feta ntho.

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (h_i) :

m =h_i /h_o

h_i =h_o m = (10 cm)(0.3) = 3 cm

3. Ntho e hodimo e bolelele ba 20 cm ka pela seipone se kobehileng. Haeba bophahamo ba setšoantšo bo feta bophahamo ba ntho ka makhetlo a 1/5, fumana (a) bolelele ba setšoantšo b) bolelele ba focus c) thepa ea setšoantšo

Tse tsejoang:

Sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 20 cm

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (h_i) = 1/5 hora = 0.2 hora

Bophahamo ba ntho (h) = h

Tharollo:

a) sebaka sa setšoantšo (d_i)

Foromo ea ho holisa setšoantšo :

m =h_i /h_o = 0.2h / h = 0.2

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo se eme hantle.

Setšoantšo se senyenyane ka 0.2 ho feta ntho.

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d_i):

-d_i = md_o

d_i = - m d_o = -(0.2)(20 cm) = -4 cm

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele kapa setšoantšo se ka mor'a seipone se kobehileng.

b) Bolelele ba focus (f)

Bolelele ba focus (f):

1/f = 1/d_o + 1/ d_i = 1/20 – 1/4 = 1/20 – 5/20 = -4/20

f = -20/4 = -5 cm

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša hore ntlha ea bohlokoa ke ea sebele.

c) Thepa ea setšoantšo:

- E lokile

- Nyane

- thoeng

4. Leseli le otla seipone se kobehileng se bapileng le mothapo le tla bonahatswa….

A. ho ea sebakeng se ka sehloohong sa seipone

B. ho tloha ntlheng ea mantlha ea seipone

C. ho pholletsa le bohareng ba seipone se kobehileng

D. e otlolohileng ho seipone sa sefofane

tharollo

Bothata bo takiloe setšoantšong se ka tlase.

Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

5. Mopalami oa baesekele o bona setšoantšo sa sethuthuthu se ka morao ho sona ka makhetlo a 1/6 a boholo ba sona ba pele ha sebaka se pakeng tsa mopalami le sethuthuthu e le limithara tse 30. Fumana radius ea kobeho ea seipone se ka morao…

A. 7.14 m

B. 8.57 m

C. 12.00 m

D. 24.00 m

Tse tsejoang:

Ho holisa setšoantšo (M) = 1/6 makhetlo

Sebaka sa ntho (d) = limithara tse 30

Oa Batla: Radius ea ho kobeha ha seipone se shebileng ka morao (R)

Tharollo:

Bala sebaka sa setšoantšo (d')

Kaha kgolo ya setshwantsho (M) le sebaka (dibaka) sa ntho di se di tsejwa, sebaka sa setshwantsho se ka tsejwa ka ho sebedisa foromo ya kgolo ya setshwantsho:

Letšoao le fosahetseng le bolela hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele. Setšoantšo se limithara tse 5 ka mor'a seipone se kobehileng.

Bala bolelele ba focal (f)

Kaha sebaka sa ntho (d) le sebaka sa setšoantšo (d'), bolelele ba focal bo ka baloa ho sebelisoa foromo ea seipone:

Radius ea kobeho (R)

Radius ea ho kobeha ha seipone se kobehileng e habeli bolelele ba focal ba seipone se kobehileng.
R = 2 f = 2 (limithara tse 6) = limithara tse 12
Radius ea ho kobeha ha seipone se kobehileng ke limithara tse 12.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

6. Seipone se kobehileng se kgethwa e le seipone se shebang ka morao sa sethuthuthu hobane thepa ya setshwantsho se hlahiswang ke seipone ke…

A. ea 'nete, e otlolohileng, e fokolitsoeng

B. ea 'nete, e otlolohileng, e atolositsoeng

C. e hlakileng, e otlolohileng, e fokotsehile

D. ya sebele, e otlolohileng, e hodisitsweng

Tharollo:

Ho latela lipalo tse peli tse ka holimo, ho ka fihleloa qeto ea hore thepa ea setšoantšo ke ea sebele, e otlolohileng, nyenyefaditsoe.

Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

7 selemo Ntho e ka pele ho seipone se kobehileng se nang le radius ea 6 cm. Thepa ea setšoantšo ke…

A. ea 'nete, e khelohileng bohōle ba 12 cm

B. ea 'nete, e otlolohile bohōle ba 4 cm

C. e hlakileng, e eme hantle hole le 2.4 cm

D. e fumanehang ka ho hlaka, e khelohileng bohōleng ba 6 cm

Tse tsejoang:

Sebaka sa ntho (d) = 12 cm

Radius ea seipone sa khobe-nokoane (r) = 6 cm.

Bolelele ba tsepamiso ea seipone sa khobe-nokoane (f) = 6 cm / 2 = -3 cm

Bolelele ba ntlha ya seipone se kobehileng bo saennwe ke kgaello hobane ke ntho ya sebele. Ntho ya sebele hobane ha e fetiswe ke lesedi.

Ho batloa: Thepa ea setšoantšo

Tharollo:

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d'):

1/d' = 1/f – 1/d = -1/3 – 1/12 = -4/12 – 1/12 = -5/12

d' = -12/5 = -2.4 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo se saennweng se le mpe se bolela hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele.

Kgodiso ya setshwantsho (m):

m = -d' / d = -(-2.4) / 12 = 2.4 / 12 = makhetlo a 0.2

Ho holisa setšoantšo se saennweng hantle ho bolela hore setšoantšo se eme hantle 'me ho holisa setšoantšo ke 0.2 ho bolela hore boholo ba setšoantšo bo bonyenyane ho feta boholo ba ntho (bo fokotsehile).

Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

[ID ea sephutheloana sa wpdm='860′]

1. Mathata le litharollo tsa seipone se kobehileng
2. Mathata le litharollo tsa seipone se kobehileng
3. Mathata le litharollo tsa lense tse fapanyetsanang
4. Mathata le litharollo tsa lense tse kopanyang
5. Lisebelisoa tsa mahlo le litharollo tsa mahlo a batho
6. Mathata le litharollo tsa lilense tsa mahlo
7. Likhalase tsa mahlo tsa lisebelisoa tsa optical
8. Lisebelisoa tsa optical tse holisang mathata le litharollo tsa khalase
9. Maekroskoupo ea lisebelisoa tsa optical - mathata le litharollo
10. Mathata le litharollo tsa litheleskopu tsa lisebelisoa tsa optical

Bala haholoanyane

1. Ntho e beoa 10 cm ho tloha ho seipone se kobehilengBolelele ba fokhase ke 5 cm. Fumana (a) Setšoantšo distanta (b) kgolo ea setšoantšo

Tse tsejoang:

Bolelele ba focus (f) = 5 cm

Sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 10 cm

tharollo :

Sebopeho sa setšoantšo ka seipone se kobehileng:

Sebaka sa setšoantšo:

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/5 – 1/10 = 2/10 – 1/10 = 1/10

d_i = 10/1 = 10 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo ke Cm 10.

Kgodiso:

m = –d_i / d_o = -10/10 = -1

1 e bolela hore setšoantšo se tšoana le ntho.

Letšoao la ho tlosa e bontša hore setšoantšo se khelohile. Haeba lets'oao le le ntle, setšoantšo se eme hantle.

2. Ntho e bolelele ba 5 cm e beoa ka pel'a seipone se kobehileng se nang le radius ea kobeho ea 20 cm. Fumana bophahamo ba setšoantšo haeba sebaka sa ntho se le 5 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm.

Tse tsejoang:

Radius ea kobeho (r) = 20 cm

Bolelele ba focus (f) = R/2 = 20/2 = 10 cm

Bophahamo ba ntho (h_o) = 5 cm

Tharollo:

a) bolelele ba focus (f) = 10 cm le sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 5 cm

Sebopeho sa setšoantšo ka seipone se kobehileng:

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/10 – 1/5 = 1/10 – 2/10 = -1/10

d_i = -10/1 = -10 cm

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša setšoantšo seo ke ntho ea sebele kapa setšoantšo se ka mor'a seipone.

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m):

m = -d_i / d_o = -(-10)/5 = 10/5 = 2

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo se eme hantle.

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (h_i):

m = h_i /h_o

h_i =h_o m = (5 cm)(2) = 10 cm

Bolelele ba setšoantšo ke 10 cm.

b) Bolelele ba focus (f) = 10 cm le sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 15 cm

Sebopeho sa setšoantšo ka seipone se kobehileng:

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/10 – 1/15 = 3/30 – 2/30 = 1/30

d_i = 30/1 = 30 cm

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa 'nete kapa setšoantšo e bolelele ba 30 cm ka pel'a seipone, ka lehlakoreng le le leng le ntho.

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m):

m = -d_i / d_o = -30/15 = -2

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša hore setšoantšo se khelohile.

Setšoantšo se seholo ho feta ntho ka makhetlo a mabeli.

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (h_i):

m = h_i /h_o

h_i =h_o m = (5 cm)(2) = 10 cm

Bophahamo ba setšoantšo ke 10 cm.

c) Bolelele ba focal (f) = 10 cm le sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 20 cm

Sebopeho sa setšoantšo ka seipone se kobehileng:

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d)_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/10 – 1/20 = 2/20 – 1/20 = 1/20

d_i = 20/1 = 20 cm

Letšoao le letle le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa 'nete kapa setšoantšo e bolelele ba 20 cm ka pel'a seipone, ka lehlakoreng le le leng le ntho.

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m):

m = -d_i / d_o = -20/20 = -1

Letšoao le lebe le bolela hore setšoantšo se khelohile.

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (hi):

m =h_i /h_o

h_i =h m = (5 cm)(1) = 5 cm

d) Bolelele ba focus (f) = 10 cm le sebaka sa ntho (d_o) = 30 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d_i):

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/10 – 1/30 = 3/30 – 1/30 = 2/30

d_i = 30/2 = 15 cm

Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa 'nete kapa setšoantšo se bolelele ba 15 cm ka pel'a seipone, ka lehlakoreng le le leng le ntho.

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m) :

m = -d_i / d_o = -15/30 = -0.5

Letšoao la ho tlosa le bontša hore setšoantšo se khelohile.

Setšoantšo se senyenyane ka 0.5 ho feta ntho.

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (h_i):

m = h_i /h_o

h_i =h_o m = (5 cm)(0.5) = 2.5 cm

3. Setšoantšo se entsoeng ke seipone se kobehileng se feta ntho ka makhetlo a mane. Haeba radius ea kobeho e le 20 cm, fumana sebaka sa ntho ka pel'a seipone!

Tse tsejoang:

Ho holisa setšoantšo (m= 4

Radius ea kobeho (r) = 20 cm

Bolelele ba focus (f) = r/2 = 20/2 = 10 cm

o ne a batla : Sebaka sa ntho (d_o)

Tharollo:

m = - d_i / d_o

4 = - d_{i /} d_o

- d_i = 4 d_o

d_i = – 4 d_o

1/f = 1/d_o + 1/d_i

1/10 = 1/d_o + 1/4d_o

4 / 40 = 4 / 4d_o + 1/4d_o

4 / 40 = 5 / 4d_o

(4)(4s) = (5)(40)

16 d_o = 200

d_o = 12.5 XNUMX cm

Sebaka sa ntho = Cm 12.5.

4Ntho e bolelele ba 1 cm e beoa 10 cm ho tloha seiponeng se kobehileng se nang le bolelele ba focus, f = 15 cm. Fumana:

A. Sebaka sa setšoantšo?

B. Bolelele ba setšoantšo?

C. Thepa ea setšoantšo se entsoeng ke seipone se kobehileng ke efe?

Tse tsejoang:

Bolelele ba ntho (h) = 1 cm

Sebaka sa ntho (d)_o) = 10 cm

Bolelele ba focus ba seipone se kobehileng (f) = 15 cm

Tharollo:

A. Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d)_i)

1/f = 1/d_o + 1/ka letsatsi_i

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/15 – 1/10 = 2/30 – 3/30 = -1/30

d_i = -30/1 = -30 cm

Letšoao le fosahetseng le bontša hore setšoantšo ke sa sebele kapa setšoantšo se ka mor'a seipone.

B. Bophahamo ba setšoantšo (h_i)

Ho holisa setšoantšo (M):

M = -d_i/d_o =h_i/h_o

M = -(-30)/10 = 30/10 = makhetlo a 3

Bolelele ba setšoantšo (h_i):

M = h_i /h_o

3 = h_i / Cm 1

h_i = 3 (1 cm)

h_i = 3 XNUMX cm

Bophahamo ba setšoantšo ke 3 cm. Letšoao la ho eketsa le bontša hore setšoantšo se holimo.

C. Thepa ea setšoantšo:

'Nete, ho ea holimo, e kholo ho feta ntho

5. Ho holisa setšoantšo, ho latela setšoantšo se ka tlase.

Tse tsejoang:

Sebaka sa ntho (d)_o) = 60 cm

Bolelele ba focal (f) = 20 cm

Ho batloa: Kgodiso ya setshwantsho (M)

Tharollo:

Sebaka sa setšoantšo:

1/f = 1/d_o + 1/ka letsatsi_i

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/20 cm – 1/60 cm = 3/60 cm – 1/60 cm = 2/60 cm

d_i = 60/2 cm = 30 cm

Ho holisa setšoantšo (M):

M = d_i/d_o = 30 cm / 60 cm = halofo ea makhetlo

6. Haeba Ntho e behilwe 6 cm ho tloha seiponeng se kobehileng, sebaka sa setshwantsho ke 12 cm jwalo ka ha ho bontshitswe setshwantshong se ka tlase. Sebaka sa setshwantsho ke sefe haeba ntho e tloswa sebakeng sa pele 1 cm hole le seipone.

Tse tsejoang:

Sebaka sa ntho (d)_o) = 6 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d)_i) = 12 cm

Ho batloa: haeba sebaka sa ntho (d)_o) = 7 cm ebe sebaka sa setšoantšo ke …

Tharollo:

1/f = 1/do + 1/di = 1/6 + 1/12 = 2/12 + 1/12 = 3/12

f = 12/3 = 4 cm

Bolelele ba focus bo botle, ho bolelang hore ntlha e ka sehloohong ke ea 'nete kapa mahlaseli a feta ka har'a ntlha.

Sebaka sa setšoantšo:

1/d_i = 1/f – 1/d_o = 1/4 – 1/7 = 7/28 – 4/28 = 3/28

d_i = 28/3 = 9.3 cm

7. Ngaka ea meno e sheba le ho hlahloba meno a mokuli a sebelisa seipone se nang le radius ea 8 cm. E le hore lesoba le bonahale hantle ke ngaka, sebaka se pakeng tsa meno a mokuli le seipone ke sefe?

A. ka tlase ho 4 cm ka pel'a seipone se kobehileng

B. ka tlase ho 4 cm ka pel'a seipone se kobehileng

C. ho feta 4 cm ka pel'a seipone se kobehileng

D. ho feta 4 cm ka pel'a seipone se kobehileng

Tse tsejoang:

Radius ea seipone (r) = 8 cm

Bolelele ba focal ba seipone (f) = r / 2 = 8 / 2 = 4 cm

Ho batloa: Sebaka se pakeng tsa meno a mokuli le seipone

Tharollo:

Seipone se sebediswang ke seipone se kobehileng kapa seipone se kobehileng? E le hore lesoba la leino le bonahale hantle ke ngaka, seipone se sebediswang se lokela ho kgona ho hodisa setshwantsho sa leino mme setshwantsho se lokela ho ema. Diipone tse kobehileng kamehla di hlahisa ditshwantsho tse kgutlelang morao mme boholo ba setshwantsho bo bonyenyane ho feta boholo ba ntho. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, seipone se kobehileng se ka hlahisa setshwantsho se otlolohileng haeba sebaka sa ntho (d) se le senyenyane ho feta bolelele ba focus (f). Haeba sebaka sa ntho se le seholo ho feta bolelele ba focus (f) jwale seipone se kobehileng se hlahisa setshwantsho se kobehileng.

Bolelele ba focus (f) ba seipone se kobehileng ke 4 cm, ka hona meno a mokuli a lokela ho ba ka tlase ho 4 cm ka pel'a seipone se kobehileng.

Karabo e nepahetseng ke A.

8. Seipone se kobehileng se na le radius e kobehileng ya 24 cm. Haeba ntho e behilwe 20 cm ka pela seipone, fumana hore na setshwantsho se na le thepa efe.

A. Ea 'nete, e otlolohileng le e atolositsoeng

B. Ea 'nete, e khelohileng le e atolositsoeng

C. E sebetsang ka ho toba, e eme hantle ebile e holisitsoe

D. Virtual, inverted le e nyane

Tse tsejoang:

Radius ea kotlobane (r) = 24 cm

Bolelele ba fokase (f) = R/2 = 24/2 = +12 cm

Bolelele ba ntlha e bohareng ba seipone se kobehileng bo botle kapa ba nnete hobane lesedi le feta ka ntlha e bohareng ya seipone.

Sebaka sa ntho (d) = 20 cm

Ho batloa: Thepa ea setšoantšo

Tharollo:

Setšoantšo ke sa 'nete kapa ke sa sebele? Bala sebaka (s') sa setšoantšo:

1/d + 1/d' = 1/f

1/d' = 1/f – 1/d

1/d' = 1/12 – 1/20

1/d' = 5/60 – 3/60

1/d' = 2/60

d' = 60/2

d' = 30 cm

Sebaka sa setšoantšo se saennweng se bolela hore setšoantšo ke sa nnete hobane se fetisoa ke khanya.

Setšoantšo se holisitsoe? Se otlolohile kapa se khelohile? Qala ka ho bala keketseho ea setšoantšo (M):

M = -d' / d = -30/20 = -1.5

M > 1 e bolela hore setšoantšo se holisitsoe, M e na le lets'oao le lebe le bolelang setšoantšo se khelohileng. Kahoo litšobotsi tsa setšoantšo ke tsa 'nete, tse khelohileng, tse holisitsoeng.

Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

9. Seipone se chitja se hlahisa setšoantšo se boholo bo fetang ntho e skrineng ka makhetlo a 5, se bohōle ba limithara tse 5 ho tloha nthong eo. Seipone se…..

A. sekoti se nang le bolelele ba focus ba 25/24 m

B. convex ka bolelele ba focus ba 25/24 m

C. sekoti se nang le bolelele ba focal ba 24/25 m

D. convex e nang le bolelele ba focus ba 24/25 m

Tse tsejoang:

Ho holisa setšoantšo (M) = makhetlo a 5

Sebaka se pakeng tsa ntho le setšoantšo = limithara tse 5

Tharollo:

Boholo ba setšoantšo se hlahisoang ke seipone se kobehileng kamehla bo bonyenyane ho feta boholo ba ntho, ka hona, seipone ke seipone se kobehileng.

Sebaka sa ntho (d) = x

Sebaka sa setšoantšo (d') = x + 5

Kgodiso ya setshwantsho (M) = makgetlo a 5

Mokhoa oa ho holisa setšoantšo:

Foromo ea bolelele ba focal (f):

Karabo e nepahetseng ke A.

[ID ea sephutheloana sa wpdm='858′]

1. Mathata le litharollo tsa seipone se kobehileng
2. Mathata le litharollo tsa seipone se kobehileng
3. Mathata le litharollo tsa lense tse fapanyetsanang
4. Mathata le litharollo tsa lense tse kopanyang
5. Lisebelisoa tsa mahlo le litharollo tsa mahlo a batho
6. Mathata le litharollo tsa lilense tsa mahlo
7. Likhalase tsa mahlo tsa lisebelisoa tsa optical
8. Lisebelisoa tsa optical tse holisang mathata le litharollo tsa khalase
9. Maekroskoupo ea lisebelisoa tsa optical - mathata le litharollo
10. Mathata le litharollo tsa litheleskopu tsa lisebelisoa tsa optical

Bala haholoanyane

1. 1 kg ea metsi ho 100^oC e tsoakiloeng le 1 kg ea metsi ho 10^oC tsamaisong e arohaneng. mocheso o itseng ea metsi ke 4200 J/kg ^oC. Fumana qeto ea ho qetela mocheso ea motsoako!

Tse tsejoang:

Boholo ea metsi a chesang (m₁) = 1 kg

Mocheso oa metsi a chesang (T₁= 100^oC

Boima ba metsi a batang (m₂) = 1 kg

Mocheso oa metsi a batang (T₂= 10^oC

Ho batloa: Mocheso oa ho qetela (T)

Tharollo:

Ho lahleheloa ke mocheso = Mocheso o fumanoeng (tsamaiso e arohaneng)

m c ΔT = m c ΔT

m ΔT = m ΔT

m₁ (T₁ – T) = m₂ (T – T₂)

(1)(100 – T) = (1)(T – 10)

100 – T = T – 10

100 + 10 = T + T

110 = 2T

T = 110 / 2

T = 55

Mocheso oa ho qetela ke 55^oC.

2. Boloko ba loto ea 3 kg ho 80^o e beoa ka metsing a 10 kg. Mocheso o itseng oa loto ke 1400 J.kg^-1C^-1 'me mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 4200 J.kg^-1C^-1Mocheso oa ho qetela oa tekano ea mocheso ke 20^oC. Fumana mocheso oa pele oa metsi!

Tse tsejoang:

Boholo (m₁) = 3 kg

Mocheso o itseng oa loto (c₁) = 1400 J.kg^-1C^-1

Mocheso oa loto (T₁= 80 ^oC

Boima ba metsi (m₂) = 10 kg

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi (c₂) = 4200 J.kg^-1C^-1

Mocheso oa tekano ea mocheso (T) = 20 ^oC

Ho batloa: Mocheso oa pele oa metsi (T₂)

Tharollo:

Mocheso o lahlehileng = Mocheso o fumanoeng

Q lebisang =Q metsi

m₁ c₁ ΔT = m₂ c₂ ΔT

(3)(1400)(80-20) = (10)(4200)(20-T)

(4200)(60) = (42,000)(20-T)

252,000 = 840,000 – 42,000 T

42,000 T = 840,000 – 252,000

42,000 T = 588,000

T = 588,000 / 42,000

T = 14

Mocheso oa pele oa metsi ke 14^oC.

3. Boloko ba koporo ho 100^oC e beoa ka har'a ligrama tse 128 tsa metsi 30 ^oC. Mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 1 cal.g^-1oC^-1 'me mocheso o itseng oa koporo ke 0.1 cal.g^-1oC^-1. Haeba mocheso oa tekano ea mocheso o 36 ^oC, fumana boima ba koporo!

Tse tsejoang:

Thempereichara ea koporo (T₁= 100 ^oC

Mocheso o itseng oa koporo (c₁= 0.1 cal.g^-1oC^-1

Boima ba metsi (m₂) = digrama tse 128

Thempereichara ea metsi (T₂= 30 ^oC

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi (c₂= 1 cal.g^-1oC^-1

Mocheso oa tekano ea mocheso (T) = 36 ^oC

Ho batloa: Boima ba koporo (m₁)

Tharollo:

Mocheso o lahlehileng = Mocheso o fumanoeng

Q Koporo =Q metsi

m₁ c₁ ΔT = m₂ c₂ ΔT

(m₁)(0.1)(100-36) = (128)(1)(36-30)

(m₁)(0.1)(64) = (128)(1)(6)

(m₁)(6.4) = 768

m₁ = 768/6.4

m₁ = 120

Boima ba koporo ke Grama ea 120.

4. Leqhoa la M-kg ho 0^oC e beoa ka har'a ligrama tse 340 tsa metsi ho 20^oC ka har'a vase. Haeba mocheso oa ho kopanya bakeng sa metsi = 80 cal g^-1, mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 1 khalori g^{-1 o}C^-1. Leqhoa lohle lea qhibiliha le mocheso oa tekatekano ea mocheso is 5^oC, fumana boima ba leqhoa!

Tse tsejoang:

Boima ba metsi (m) = digrama tse 340

Thempereichara ea leqhoa (T _Leqhoa= 0^oC

Thempereichara ea metsi (T _metsi= 20^oC

Mocheso oa tekano ea mocheso (T) = 5^oC

Mocheso oa ho kopanya metsi (L= 80 cal g^-1

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi (c _metsi= 1 cal g^{-1 o}C^-1

Ho batloa: Boholo ea leqhoa (M)

Tharollo:

Mocheso o lahlehileng = Mocheso o fumanoeng

Q metsi = Q leqhoa

m c (ΔT) = m_es L_es +m c (ΔT)

(340)(1)(20-5) = M (80) + M (1)(5-0)

(340)(15) = 80M + 5M

5100 = 85M

M = 5100/85

M = digrama tse 60

[ID ea sephutheloana sa wpdm='714′]

1. Ho fetola sekala sa mocheso
2. Katoloso ya mola
3. Katoloso ea sebaka
4. Ho atolosoa ha molumo
5. Heat
6. E lekanang le mocheso ka mechine
7. Mocheso le bokgoni ba mocheso bo ikgethang
8. Mocheso o patehileng, mocheso oa ho kopana, mocheso oa mouoane
9. Paballo ea matla bakeng sa phetisetso ea mocheso

Bala haholoanyane

4 Mocheso o patehileng Mocheso oa ho kopanya Mocheso oa ho fetoha mouoane - Mathata le Litharollo

1. Bala palo ea mocheso e ekelitsoe ho gram e le 'ngoe ea khauta ho fetola karolo ho tloha ho tiileng ho ea ho metsi. mocheso oa ho kopanya bakeng sa khauta ke 64.5 x 10³ J/kg.

Tse tsejoang:

Boholo (m) = gram e le 1 = 1 x 10^-3 kg

Mocheso oa ho kopanya (L)_F) = 64.5 x 10³ J / lik'hilograma

Ho batloa: Mocheso (Q)

Tharollo:

Q = m L_F

Q = (1 x 10)^-3 kg)(64.5 x 10³ J/kg)

Q = 64.5 Joule

2. Bala tekanyo ea mocheso o lokolloang ke gram e le 'ngoe ea mercury ho fetola mohato ho tloha ho mokelikeli ho ea ho o tiileng. Mocheso oa ho kopanya mercury ke 11.8 x 10³ J/kg.

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = gram e le 1 = 1 x 10^-3 kg

Mocheso oa ho kopanya (L)_F) = 11.8 x 10³ J / lik'hilograma

Ho batloa: Mocheso (Q)

Tharollo:

Q = m L_F

Q = (1 x 10)^-3 kg)(11.8 x 10³ J/kg)

Q = 11.8 Joule

3. Fumana hore na mocheso o monngoa ke metsi a 1 kg ho fetola moedi (mouoane). Mocheso oa mouoane bakeng sa metsi = 2256 x 10³ J / lik'hilograma

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = 1 kg

Mocheso oa mouoane (L)_V) = 2256: x 10³ J / lik'hilograma

Ho batloa: Mocheso (Q)

Tharollo:

Q = m L_V

Q = (1 kg)(2256: x 10³ J/kg)

Q = 2256 x 10³ Joule

4. Fumana hore na naetrojene e ntša mocheso o mokae ho fetola moedi ho tloha mouoaneng ho ea ho mokelikeli. Mocheso oa mouoane bakeng sa naetrojene = 200: x 10³ J / lik'hilograma

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = gram e le 1 = 1 x 10^-3 kg

Mocheso oa mouoane (L)_V) = 200: x 10³ J / lik'hilograma

Tse tsejoang: Mocheso (Q)

Tharollo:

Q = m L_V

Q = (1 x 10)^-3 kg)(200: x 10³ J/kg)

Q = 200 Joule

1. Ho fetola sekala sa mocheso
2. Katoloso ya mola
3. Katoloso ea sebaka
4. Ho atolosoa ha molumo
5. Heat
6. E lekanang le mocheso ka mechine
7. Mocheso le bokgoni ba mocheso bo ikgethang
8. Mocheso o patehileng, mocheso oa ho kopana, mocheso oa mouoane
9. Paballo ea matla bakeng sa phetisetso ea mocheso

Bala haholoanyane

1. 'Mele o nang le boima 2 lik'hilograma e monya mocheso 100 lik'hilojule ha e le mocheso phaello ho tsoa ho 20^oC ho 70^oC. ke seo mocheso o itseng ea 'mele?

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = 2 kg = 2000 gr

Heat (Q) = 100 cal

Phetoho mochesong (ΔT) = 70^oC - 20^oEA-50-C^oC

Ho batloa: Mocheso o itseng (C)

Tharollo:

c = Q / m ΔT

c = 100 cal / (2000 gr)(50^oC)

c = 100 cal / 100,000 gr ^oC

c = 10² lik'hilojule / 10⁵ gr ^oC

c = (10² lik'hale()10^-5 gr^{-1 o}C^-1)

c = 10^-3 kal gr^{-1 o}C^-1

c = 10^-3 lik'hilojule/gr ^oC

Mocheso o itseng oa 'mele ke 10^-3 lik'hilojule/gr ^oC

2. Mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 4180 J/kg C^o. Bokgoni ba mocheso ba metsi a 2 kg bo bokae…

Tse tsejoang:

Mocheso o itseng (c) = 4180 J/kg C^o

Boholo (m) = 2 kg

Ho batloa: Mocheso bokgoni (C)

Tharollo:

C = mc

C = (2 kg)(4180 J/kg C^o)

C = (2)(4180 J/C^o)

C = 8360 J/C^o

3. Mocheso o itseng oa aluminium ke 900 J/kg C^o. Bokgoni ba mocheso ba 2 dikgerama tsa aluminium…..

Tse tsejoang:

Mocheso o itseng oa aluminium (c) = 900 J/kg C^o = 9x10² J/kg C^o

Boima (m) = 2 dikgerama = 2/1000 kg = 2/10³ kg = 2 x 10^-3 kg

Ho batloa: Mocheso bokgoni (C)

Tharollo:

C = mc

C = (2 x 10^-3 kg)(9: x 10² J/kg C^o)

C = 18 x 10^-3 x 10² J/C^o

C = 18 x 10^-1 J/C^o

C= 1.8 J/C^o

[ID ea sephutheloana sa wpdm='710′]

1. Ho fetola sekala sa mocheso
2. Katoloso ya mola
3. Katoloso ea sebaka
4. Ho atolosoa ha molumo
5. Heat
6. E lekanang le mocheso ka mechine
7. Mocheso le bokgoni ba mocheso bo ikgethang
8. Mocheso o patehileng, mocheso oa ho kopana, mocheso oa mouoane
9. Paballo ea matla bakeng sa phetisetso ea mocheso

Bala haholoanyane

1. 2 kcal (kilogerama)calorie) = ….. calorie ?

tharollo

1 kcal = 1000 calorie

2 kcal = 2 (1000 calorie= 2000 calorie

2. 4 Calorie = ….. calorie ?

tharollo

1 Calorie (Motse-moholo C) = 1 kcal = 1000 calorie

4 Calorie = 4 (1000 calorie= 4000 calorie

3. 10 calorie = ….. Li-joule?

tharollo

1 calorie = 4.186 Joule

10 calorie = 10 (Lijoule tse 4.186) = Lijoule tse 41.86

4. 5 kcal = ….. Joule ?

tharollo

1 kcal = 1000 calorie = 4186 Joule

5 kcal = 5 (4186 Joules) = 20930 Joules

5. Li-joule tse 2000 = ….. kcba bang?

tharollo

4186 Joule = 1 kJcal

8372 Joule = 8372 / 4186 = 2 kcal

2000 Joule = 2000 / 4186 = 0.4777 kcal

[ID ea sephutheloana sa wpdm='706′]

1. Ho fetola sekala sa mocheso
2. Katoloso ya mola
3. Katoloso ea sebaka
4. Ho atolosoa ha molumo
5. Heat
6. E lekanang le mocheso ka mechine
7. Mocheso le bokgoni ba mocheso bo ikgethang
8. Mocheso o patehileng, mocheso oa ho kopana, mocheso oa mouoane
9. Paballo ea matla bakeng sa phetisetso ea mocheso

Bala haholoanyane

9 Boima ba Mocheso Mocheso o itseng Phetoho mochesong - Mathata le Litharollo

1. Moloto oa boima ba 2 kg o futhumatsoa ho tloha 50^oC ho 100^oC. The mocheso o itseng ea loto ke 130 J.kg^{-1 o}C^-1. Bokae mocheso e monngoa ke loto?

Tse tsejoang:

Boholo (m) = 2 kg

Mocheso o itseng (c) = 130 J.kg^-1C^-1

Phetoho mochesong (ΔT) = 100^oC - 50^oEA-50-C^oC

Ho batloa: Heat (Q)

Tharollo:

Q = mc ΔT

Q = mocheso, m = boima, c = mocheso o itseng, ΔT= phetoho ea mocheso

Mocheso o monngoang ke loto:

Q = (2 kg)(130 J.kg^-1C^-1(50)^oC)

Q = (100)(1)30)

Q = 13,000 joule

Q = 1.3 x 10⁴ Joule

2. Mocheso o itseng oa koporo ke 390 J/kg ^oC, phetoho ea mocheso ke 40^oC. Haeba koporo e monya mocheso oa li-Joules tse 40, boima ba koporo ke bokae!

Tse tsejoang:

Mocheso o itseng oa koporo (c) = 390 J/kg^oC

Phetoho mochesong (ΔT) = 40^oC

Mocheso (Q) = Ka 40 J

Ho batloa: Boima (m) ea koporo

Tharollo:

Q = mc ΔT

Ka 40 J = (m)(390 J/kg ^oC)(40^oC)

40 = (m)(390 /kg)(40)

40 = (m)(390/kg)(4)

40 = (m)(1560/kg)

m = 40 / 1560

m = 0.026 lik'hilograma

m = digrama tse 26

3. Mocheso oa pele oa ligrama tse 20 tsa metsi ke 30^oC. Mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 1 cal g^{-1 o}C^-1Haeba metsi a monya dikhalori tse 300 tsa mocheso, fumana mocheso wa ho qetela!

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = 20 gr

Mocheso oa pele (T₁= 30^oC

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi (c) = 1 cal gr^{-1 o}C^-1

Heat (Q) = 300 cal

Ho batloa: Mocheso oa ho qetela oa metsi

Tharollo:

Q = mc ΔT

300 cal = (20 gr)(1 khalori g^{-1 o}C^-1)(T₂-30)

300 = (20)(1)(T₂-30)

300 = 20 (T₂-30)

300 = 20T₂ - 600

300 + 600 = 20T₂

900 = 20T₂

T₂ = 900/20

T₂ = 45

Phetoho ea mocheso ke 45^oC - 30^oEA-15-C^oC.

4. Tphetoho ea mocheso ea metsi a leoatle is 1^oC ha metsi a monya mocheso oa li-Joule tse 3900. Mocheso o itseng oa metsi a leoatle ke 3.9 × 10³ J/kg°C, boima ba metsi a leoatle ke eng.

Tse tsejoang:

Phetoho mochesong (ΔT) = 1^oC

Heat (Q) = 3900 Joule

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi a leoatle (c) = 3.9 x 10³ J/kg°C = 3900 J/Kg°C

Ho batloa: Boholo (M)

Tharollo:

Q = mc ΔT

Q = mocheso, m = boima, c = mocheso o itseng, ΔT= phetoho ea mocheso

m = Q / c ΔT = 3900 / (3900)(1) = 3900 / 3900 = 1 kg

5. Koporo ea 2-kg e monya 39,000 J ea mocheso ho 30°C. Haeba mocheso o itseng oa koporo e le 390 J/kg °C, mocheso oa ho qetela oa koporo ke ofe…

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = 2 kg

Mocheso oa pele (T₁= 30^oC

Heat (Q) = 39,000 Joule

Mocheso o khethehileng (C) ea koporo = 390 J/kg ^oC

o ne a batla : Mocheso oa ho qetela (T₂)

Tharollo:

Q = mc ΔT

Q = mocheso, m = boima, c = mocheso o itseng, ΔT = phetoho ea mocheso

Q = mc ΔT = mc (T₂ - T₁)

39,000 = (2)(390)(T)₂ - 30)

100 = (2)(1)(T₂ - 30)

100 = (2)(T₂ - 30)

50 = T₂ - 30

T₂ = 50 + 30

T₂ = 80^oC

6. Metsi a boima ba lik'hilograma tse 5 a futhumatsoa ho tloha ho 15°C ho isa ho 40°C. Mocheso o monngoa ke metsi ke eng. Mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 4.2 × 10³ J/Kg° C.

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = 5 kg

Mocheso oa pele (T₁) = 15°C

Mocheso oa ho qetela (T₂) = 40°C

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi (c) = 4.2 × 10³ J/kg°C

Ho batloa: Heat (Q)

Tharollo:

Q = mc ΔT

Q = (5 kg)(4.2 × 10³ J/kg°C(40°C – 15°C)

Q = (5)(4.2 × 10³ J(25)

Q = 525 x 10³ J

Q = 525,000 Joule

7. Metsi a boima ba lik'hilograma tse 2 a futhumatsoa ho tloha ho 24°C ho isa ho 90°C. Mocheso o monngoa ke metsi ke eng. Mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 4.2 × 10³ J/Kg° C.

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = 2 kg

Mocheso oa pele (T₁) = 24°C

Mocheso oa ho qetela (T₂) = 90°C

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi (c) = 4,200 Joules/kg°C

Ho batloa :: Heat (Q)

Tharollo:

Q = m c ΔT

Q = (2 kg)(4,200 Joules/kg°C(90°C – 24°C)

Q = (2 kg)(4,200 Joules/kg°C(66°C)

Q = (132)(4,200 Joule)

Q = 554,400 Joule

8. Metsi a 5-gram a futhumatsoa ho tloha ho 10°C ho isa ho 40°C. Mocheso o monngoang ke metsi ke eng. Mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 1 × 10³ kal/gr° C.

Tse tsejoang:

Boima (m) = digrama tse 5

Mocheso oa pele (T₁= 10^oC

Mocheso oa ho qetela (T₂= 40^oC

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi (c) = 1 cal/ gr°C

o ne a batla : Mocheso

Tharollo:

Q = mc ΔT

Q = (ligrama tse 5)(1 cal/ gr°C)(40^oC - 10^oC)

Q = (5)(1 cal(30)

Q = 150 lik'hilojule

9. Metsi a 0.2-kg a monya di-Joules tse 42,000 tsa mocheso ka 25^oC. Mocheso o itseng oa metsi ke 4200 J/kg ^oC, mocheso oa ho qetela oa metsi ke ofe.

Tse tsejoang:

Boholo ea metsi (m) = 0.2 kg

Heat (Q) = 42,000 Joule

Mocheso o itseng oa metsi (c) = 4200 J/kg ^oC

Mocheso oa pele (T₁= 25^oC

Ho batloa: Mocheso oa ho qetela (T₂)

Tharollo:

Q = mc ΔT = mc (T₂ - T₁)

Q = mocheso, m = boima, c = mocheso o itseng, ΔT = phetoho ea mocheso, T₁ = mocheso oa pele, T₂ = mocheso oa ho qetela

Q = mc (T)₂ - T₁)

42,000 = (0.2)(4200)(T₂ - 25)

42,000 = 840 (T₂ - 25)

42,000 = 840 T₂ - 21,000

42,000 + 21,000 = 840 T₂

63,000 = 840 T₂

T₂ = 63,000/840

T₂ = 75^oC

1. Ho fetola sekala sa mocheso
2. Katoloso ya mola
3. Katoloso ea sebaka
4. Ho atolosoa ha molumo
5. Heat
6. E lekanang le mocheso ka mechine
7. Mocheso le bokgoni ba mocheso bo ikgethang
8. Mocheso o patehileng, mocheso oa ho kopana, mocheso oa mouoane
9. Paballo ea matla bakeng sa phetisetso ea mocheso

Bala haholoanyane

Katoloso e otlolohileng e bonoa ke lintho tse tiileng feela; katoloso ea bophahamo e bonoa ke lintho tsohle, tse tiileng, tse metsi le tse nang le khase. Tekanyo ea katoloso ea bophahamo e tšoana le ekanyo ea katoloso e otlolohileng.

Tlhaloso: V_o = Molumo oa pele, V = Molumo oa ho qetela, ΔV = V – V_o = Phetoho ea bophahamo ba modumo, T_o = Mocheso oa pele, T = Mocheso oa ho qetela, ΔT = T – T_o = Phetoho mochesong, β = coefficient ea katoloso ea bophahamo. Yuniti ea β = (C^o) ^-1

Tekanyo ea katoloso ea bophahamo ba modumo e kaholimo e sebetsa feela ha liphetoho tsa bophahamo ba modumo tsa lintho (tse tiileng, tse metsi le tse nang le khase) li le nyane ho feta bophahamo ba modumo ba pele ba ntho. Haeba phetoho ea bophahamo ba modumo ea ntho e le kholo ho feta bophahamo ba modumo ba pele ba ntho, equation ea katoloso ea bophahamo ba modumo ha e fane ka liphetho tse nepahetseng. Hangata, liphetoho tsa bophahamo ba modumo tse bonoang ke lintho tse tiileng ha li kholo haholo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, coefficient ea katoloso ea bophahamo ba modumo ea mokelikeli le khase e kholo. Coefficient ea katoloso ea bophahamo ba modumo bakeng sa lintho tse nang le khase le eona e bonolo ho e fetola haeba mocheso o fetoha. Ka hona foromo e kaholimo e sebelisoa feela bakeng sa katoloso ea lintho tse tiileng.

1. Ka 30 ^oBophahamo ba selikalikoe sa aluminium ke 30 cm³. Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ke 24 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1Haeba bophahamo ba ho qetela e le 30.5 cm³, mocheso oa ho qetela oa aluminium circle ke ofe?

Tse tsejoang:

Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng (α) = 24 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1

Coefficient ea katoloso ea molumo (β= 3 α = 3 x 24 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1 = 72x10^{-6 o}C^-1

qalong mocheso (T₁= 30^oC

Molumo oa pele (V₁) = 30 cm³

Buka ea ho qetela (V₂) = 30.5 cm³

Phetoho ea molumo (ΔV) = 30.5 cm³ - 30 cm ,.³ = 0.5 XNUMX cm³

Ho batloa: Mocheso oa ho qetela (T₂)

Tharollo:

ΔV= β (V)₁)(ΔT)

ΔV= β (V₁)(T₂ - T₁)

0.5 cm,³ = (72: x 10^{-6 o}C^-1)(30 cm)³)(T₂ - 30^oC)

0.5 = (2160 x 10^-6)(T₂ - 30)

0.5 = (2.160 x 10^-3)(T2 - 30)

0.5 = (2.160 x 10^-3)(T₂ - 30)

0.5 / (2.160 x 10^-3) = T₂ - 30

0.23: x 10³ = T₂ - 30

0.23 x 1000 = T₂ - 30

230 = T₂ - 30

230 + 30 = T₂

T₂ = 260^oC

2. Palo e lekanang ea katoloso ea selikalikoe sa tšepe ke 9 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1Bophara ba ka hare ba polaka ea tšepe ho 20 ^oC ke 2.2 cm. Haeba bophara ba ho qetela e le 2.8 cm, mocheso oa ho qetela ke bokae!

Tse tsejoang:

Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng (α) = 9 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1

Coefficient ea katoloso ea molumo (β) = 3 α = 3 x 9 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1 = 27x10^{-6 o}C^-1

Mocheso oa pele (T₁= 20^oC

Bophara ba pele (D₁) = 2.2 cm

Bophara ba ho qetela (D₂) = 2.8 cm

Radius ea pele (r₁) = D₁ / 2 = 2.2 cm³ / 2 = 1.1 cm³

Radiyo ea ho qetela (r₂) = D₂ / 2 = 2.8 cm³ / 2 = 1.4 cm³

Molumo oa pele (V₁) = 4/3 π r₁³ = (4/3)(3.14)(1.1 cm)³ = (4/3)(3.14)(1.331 cm³) = 5.57 cm³

Buka ea ho qetela (V₂) = 4/3 π r₂³ = (4/3)(3.14)(1.4 cm)³ = (4/3)(3.14)(2.744 cm³) = 11.48 cm³

Phetoho ea molumo (ΔV) = 11.48 cm³ - 5.57 cm ,.³ = 5.91 XNUMX cm³

Ho batloa: Mocheso oa ho qetela (T₂)

Tharollo:

ΔV= β (V)₁)(ΔT)

5.91 cm,³ = (27: x 10^{-6 o}C^-1)(5.57 cm,³)(T₂ - 20^oC)

5.91 = (150.39 x 10^-6)(T₂ - 20)

5.91/150.39 x 10^-6 = T₂ - 20

0.039: x 10⁶ = T₂ - 20

39: x 10³ = T₂ - 20

39,000 = T₂ - 20

39,000 + 20 = T₂

T₂ = 39,020 ^oC

3. 2000-cm³ setshelo sa aluminium, e tletse metsi ho 0^oC. Ebe e futhumatsoa ho fihlela ho 90^oC. Haeba coefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng bakeng sa aluminium e le 24 x 10^-6 (^oC)^-1 'me coefficient ea katoloso ea bophahamo ba metsi ke 6.3 x 10^-4 (^oC)^-1, fumana bongata ba metsi a tšolohileng.

Tse tsejoang:

Bophahamo ba pele ba setshelo sa aluminium le metsi (V)_o) = 2000 cm³ = 2x10³ cm³

Mocheso oa pele oa setshelo sa aluminium le metsi (T)₁) = 0^oC

Mocheso oa ho qetela oa setshelo sa aluminium le metsi (T)₂= 90^oC

Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng bakeng sa aluminium (α) = 24 x 10^-6 (^oC)^-1

Koefficient ea katoloso ea bophahamo ba modumo bakeng sa aluminium (γ) = 3α = 3 (24 x 10)^-6 (^oC)^-1 ) = 72 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1

Coefficient ea katoloso ea bophahamo ba modumo bakeng sa metsi (γ) = 6.3 x 10^-4 (^oC)^-1

Ho batloa: Bongata ba metsi a tšolohileng

Tharollo:

Tekanyo ea katoloso ea molumo:

V = V_o + γ V_o ΔT

V-V_o = γ V_o ΔT

ΔV = γ V_o ΔT

V = moqolo oa ho qetela, V_o = bophahamo ba pele, ΔV = phetoho ea molumo, γ = coefficient ea katoloso ea bophahamo ba modumo, ΔT = phetoho mochesong

Bala phetoho ea bophahamo ba setshelo sa aluminium:

ΔV = γ V_o ΔT = (72) x 10^-6)(2 x 10³)(90) = 12960 x 10^-3 = 12.960 XNUMX cm³

Bala phetoho ea bophahamo ba metsi:

ΔV = γ V_o ΔT = (6.3: x 10^-4)(2 x 10³)(90) = 1134 x 10^-1 = 113.4 XNUMX cm³

Phetoho ea bophahamo ba metsi e kholo ho feta setshelo sa aluminium hoo metsi a mang a tšolohang.

Bala bophahamo ba metsi a tšolohileng:

113.4 cm,³ - 12.960 cm ,.³ = 100.44 XNUMX cm³

[ID ea sephutheloana sa wpdm='702′]

1. Ho fetola sekala sa mocheso
2. Katoloso ya mola
3. Katoloso ea sebaka
4. Ho atolosoa ha molumo
5. Heat
6. E lekanang le mocheso ka mechine
7. Mocheso le bokgoni ba mocheso bo ikgethang
8. Mocheso o patehileng, mocheso oa ho kopana, mocheso oa mouoane
9. Paballo ea matla bakeng sa phetisetso ea mocheso

Bala haholoanyane

1. Ha a le dilemo di 20 ^oC, bolelele ba lakane ea tšepe ke 50 cm 'me bophara ke 30 cm. Haeba coefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng bakeng sa tšepe ke 10^{-5 o}C^-1, fumana phetoho sebakeng le sebaka sa ho qetela ho 60 ^oC.

Tse tsejoang:

qalong mocheso (T₁= 20^oC

Mocheso oa ho qetela (T)₂= 60^oC

Phetoho ea mocheso (ΔT) = 60^oC - 20^oEA-40-C^oC

Sebaka sa pele (A₁) = bolelele x bophara = 50 cm x 30 cm = 1500 cm²

Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng bakeng sa tšepe (α) = 10^{-5 o}C^-1

Coefficient ea katoloso ea sebaka bakeng sa tšepe (β) = 2α = 2: x 10^{-5 o}C^-1

Ho batloa: Phetoho sebakeng (ΔA)

Tharollo:

Phetoho sebakeng (ΔA):

ΔA = β A₁ ΔT

ΔA = (2: x 10^{-5 o}C^-1)(1500 cm²(40)^oC)

ΔA = (80) x 10^-5)(1500 cm²)

ΔA = 120,000: x 10^-5 cm²

ΔA = 1.2: x 10⁵ x 10^-5 cm²

ΔA = 1.2 cm,²

Sebaka sa ho qetela (A₂):

A₂ =A₁ + ΔA

A₂ = 1500 XNUMX cm² + 1.2 cm,²

A₂ = 1501.2 cm,²

2. Ha a le dilemo di 30 ^oC, sebaka sa lakane ea aluminium ke 40 cm² 'me coefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ke 24 x 10^-6 /^oC. Fumana mocheso oa ho qetela haeba sebaka sa ho qetela e le 40.2 cm².

Tse tsejoang:

Mocheso oa pele (T)₁= 30^oC

Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng (α) = 24: x 10^{-6 o}C^-1

Palo ea katoloso ea sebaka (β) = 2a = 2 x 24 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1 = 48 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1

Sebaka sa pele (A₁) = 40 cm²

Sebaka sa ho qetela (A₂) = 40.2 cm²

Phetoho sebakeng (ΔA) = 40.2 cm,² - 40 cm ,.² = 0.2 XNUMX cm²

Ho batloa: Fumana mocheso oa ho qetela (T)₂)

Tharollo:

Foromo ea phetoho sebakeng (ΔA) :

ΔA = β A₁ ΔT

Mocheso oa ho qetela (T)₂):

ΔA = β A₁ (T₂ - T₁)

0.2 cm,² = (48 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1)(40 cm²)(T₂ - 30^oC)

0.2 = (1920 x 10^-6)(T₂ - 30)

0.2 = (1.920 x 10^-3)(T₂ - 30)

0.2 = (2 x 10^-3)(T₂ - 30)

0.2 / (2 x 10^-3) = T₂ - 30

0.1 x 10³ = T₂ - 30

1: x 10² = T₂ - 30

100 = T₂ - 30

100 + 30 = T₂

T₂ = 130

Mocheso oa ho qetela = 130^oC

3. Radius ea lesale ho 20 ^oC ke 20 cm. Haeba radius ea ho qetela e le 100 ^oC ke 20.5 cm, fumana coefficient ea katoloso ea sebaka le coefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng…

Tse tsejoang:

Mocheso oa pele (T)₁= 30^oC

Mocheso oa ho qetela (T)₂= 100^oC

Phetoho ea mocheso (ΔT) = 100^oC - 30^oEA-70-C^oC

Radius ea pele (r)₁) = 20 cm

Radius ea ho qetela (r₂) = 20.5 cm

Ho batloa: Palo ea katoloso ea sebaka (β)

Tharollo:

Sebaka sa pele (A₁) = π r₁² = (3.14)(20 cm)² = (3.14)(400 cm²) = 1256 cm²

Sebaka sa ho qetela (A₂) = π r₂² = (3.14)(20.5 cm)² = (3.14)(420.25 cm²) = 1319.585 cm²

Phetoho sebakeng (ΔA) = 1319.585 cm,² - 1256 cm,² = 63.585 XNUMX cm²

Foromo ea phetoho sebakeng (ΔA) :

ΔA = β A₁ ΔT

Palo ea katoloso ea sebaka:

ΔA = β A₁ ΔT

63.585 cm,² = b (1)256 cm,²(70) ^oC)

63.585 = b (87,920 ^oC)

β = 63.585 / 87,920 ^oC

β = 0.00072 /^oC

β = 7.2 x 10^-4 /^oC

β = 7.2 x 10^{-4 o}C^-1

Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng (α):

β = 2 α

α = β / 2

α = (7.2) x 10^-4) / 2

α = 3.6 x 10^{-4 o}C^-1

[ID ea sephutheloana sa wpdm='698′]

1. Ho fetola sekala sa mocheso
2. Katoloso ya mola
3. Katoloso ea sebaka
4. Ho atolosoa ha molumo
5. Heat
6. E lekanang le mocheso ka mechine
7. Mocheso le bokgoni ba mocheso bo ikgethang
8. Mocheso o patehileng, mocheso oa ho kopana, mocheso oa mouoane
9. Paballo ea matla bakeng sa phetisetso ea mocheso

Bala haholoanyane