Mashandiro anoita michina yekudhinda ye3D kune vanotanga
Kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yekudhinda ye3D, inowanzonzi "kudhinda kwe3D," kwakavhura mikana mitsva yakawanda muindasitiri yekugadzira, prototyping, uye kunyange hobbyism. Maprinta e3D anobvumira vashandisi kugadzira zvinhu zvedhijitari vozozvidhinda kuita zvinhu zvinooneka. Kune vanotanga, maitiro aya anogona kuita seakaoma. Muchinyorwa chino, tichatsanangura zvakadzama mashandiro anoita maprinta e3D, kusanganisira zvikamu zvavo zvekutanga uye matekiniki.
Chii chinonzi 3D Printer?
Printer ye3D chishandiso chinogona kudhinda zvinhu zvine mativi matatu kubva kumamodheru edhijitari. Maitiro ekudhinda ndeekuwedzera, zvichireva kuti chinhu chacho chinoumbwa nekuwedzera zvinhu zvine mativi nematanho. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira purasitiki, resin, simbi, uye kunyange zvekudya.
Zvikamu Zvikuru zveMuchina wekudhinda we3D
Usati wakurukura nezvekushanda kwemuchina wekudhinda we3D, zvakakosha kuziva zvikamu zvikuru zvemuchina:
1. Hotend: Ichi chikamu cheprinta chinodziisa nekuburitsa zvinhu zvakadhindwa. Hotend ine zvikamu zvakati wandei: heater block, nozzle, uye thermistor.
2. Extruder: Extruder ndiyo ine basa rekusundira filament kuenda ku hotend. Extruder iyi inogona kunge iri direct-drive kana Bowden, zvichienderana nerudzi rweprinta inoshandiswa.
3. Puratifomu kana Mubhedha: Apa ndipo pachadhindwa zvinhu. Puratifomu iyi inogona kupiswa kana kusapiswa, zvichienderana nerudzi rwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa.
4. Sisitimu yekutakura zvinhu yeXYZ: Iyi sisitimu yekufamba inobvumira hotend kufamba muma axes eX, Y, uye Z. Maprinta e3D anowanzo shandisa ma stepper motors kufambisa hotend zvichienderana nemirairo kubva kusoftware.
5. Kupa Magetsi: Inopa magetsi kuzvinhu zvese zvemagetsi nemamota ari muprinta.
6. Bhodhi reController: Uropi hweprinta hunoshandisa firmware uye hune basa rekugadzirisa zvikamu zvese kuitira kuti zvishande nemazvo.
Mhando dzeMichina yekudhinda ye3D
Maprinta e3D anouya mumhando dzakasiyana siyana, asi anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeaya:
1. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM): Inoshandisa filaments dzakanyungudutswa dzethermoplastic dzinoiswa muchikamu nechikamu. Mienzaniso yezvinhu zvinowanzoshandiswa iPLA neABS.
2. Stereolithography (SLA): Inoshandisa resin yemvura inosimbisa jira nejira uchishandisa chiedza cheUV. Inowanzo gadzira maprinti emhando yepamusoro asi inoda kugadziriswa kwakawanda.
3. Kuchenesa kweLaser Selective (SLS): Inoshandisa zvinhu zveupfu zvinopiswa uye zvinopiswa nelaser layer layer. Muchina uyu unowanzo shandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvesimbi uye unogadzira mapundu akasimba kwazvo.
Matanho Ekudhinda kwe3D
Kuti tinzwisise mashandiro anoita 3D printer, ngatitarisei matanho ese.
1. Dhizaini ye3D Model
Danho rekutanga nderekugadzira modhi ye3D yechinhu chaunoda kudhinda. Kune mapurogiramu akawanda eCAD software anowanikwa pakuita izvi, akadai seTinkercad, Fusion 360, kana Blender. Modhi yakapedzwa inowanzo chengetwa muSTL (Standard Triangle Language) kana OBJ file format.
2. Kucheka
Kana wangove ne3D model, danho rinotevera nderekugadzirira kudhinda uchishandisa slicer software. Chirongwa ichi chinotora 3D model choipatsanura kuita layers, izvo zvinozoshandurwa kuita print instructions (G-code) iyo 3D printer inogona kunzwisisa. Mamwe mapurogiramu e slicer software anozivikanwa anosanganisira Cura, PrusaSlicer, uye Simplify3D.
3. Zvirongwa zvePrinta
Tisati tatanga kudhinda, tinofanira kuva nechokwadi chekuti magadzirirwo ese eprinta akarurama. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuona kuti printer yakaenzana (yakayerwa daro riri pakati pemuromo wemuromo nepuratifomu), shinda yakaiswa nemazvo, uye kubatana kwese kwakabatana.
4. Kutanga Kudhinda
Kana zvese zvagadzirwa, tinogona kutanga kudhinda. Printer ichaverenga faira reG-code uye inotanga kudhinda chinhu chacho nechikamu. Munguva iyi, extruder ichapisa filament kusvika yanyunguduka yozoiburitsa nepaburi panzvimbo yakatarwa neG-code.
5. Post-Processing
Kana kudhinda kwapera, matanho akati wandei ekugadzirisa mushure mekushandisa anogona kudiwa, zvichienderana nerudzi rweprinta nezvinhu zvakashandiswa. Nemaprinta eFDM, unowanzo fanirwa kubvisa chinhu chacho pachikuva wobvisa chero zvimiro zvekutsigira. Nemaprinta eresin (SLA), unowanzo fanirwa kugeza chinhu chacho neisopropyl alcohol wozochichenesa neUV light.
Mazano eVatangi
Kune vanotanga, heano mamwe matipi anogona kukubatsira:
1. Tanga neProjekiti Iri Nyore: Usaprinte zvinhu zvakaoma ipapo ipapo. Tanga nechinhu chiri nyore kuti unzwisise mashandiro anoita printa yako.
2. Tevedzera Bhuku Rekushandisa: Mapurinda mazhinji e3D ane mabhuku ekushandisa uye nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa nevanhu vakawanda. Iva nechokwadi chekuverenga mabhuku ekushandisa uye kubatana nenharaunda kuti uwane rubatsiro.
3. Kugadzirisa uye Kugadzirisa: Gara uchigadzirisa uye uchigadzirisa printa yako nguva dzose. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuchenesa ma nozzles, kuona kuti puratifomu yakaenzana, uye kutarisa zvese zvakabatana.
4. Edza Nezvinhu Zvakasiyana: Edza kushandisa zvinhu zvakasiyana kuti uwane zvinonyatsoenderana nezvaunoda. Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chine hunhu hwakasiyana, kusanganisira simba, kuchinjika, uye kuramba kupisa.
5. Kuchengetedzwa kweFilament: Mamwe marudzi efilament anogona kunwisa hunyoro kubva mumhepo, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kunaka kwekudhinda. Chengeta filament mubhegi risingapindi mhepo pamwe chete nemushonga wekubvisa tsvina.
Mhedziso
Madhinda e3D maturusi ane simba zvikuru uye anoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana anotibvumira kugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kubva kumamodeli edhijitari. Kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita madhinda e3D, kubva pakugadzira mamodheru nekucheka kusvika pakugadzirisa, idanho rakakosha kune vanotanga mukuvandudza mashandisiro avo echishandiso. Nekudzidzira, kushivirira, uye kuyedza zvishoma, chero munhu anogona kugona tekinoroji iyi uye kuvhura nyika yemikana mukugadzira nekugadzira.
