Chinyorwa pamusoro pemutemo wePascals
Nzira yekushanda kwe hydraulic lift inoshandiswa sei kusimudza mota? Ndeipi nzira yekushanda kwe hydraulic brakes kana ichishandiswa kuderedza kumhanya kwemotokari? Ndokumbirawo mudzidze Pascal's Principle kuti munzwisise izvi.
Mvura yega yega inogara ichimanikidza zvinhu zvese zviri mairi. Mvura yatinoisa mugirazi inomanikidza madziro egirazi. Saizvozvowo, kana tikageza mudziva rekushambira kana mumvura yegungwa, mvura yedziva kana mvura yegungwa inomanikidzawo muviri wedu wese.
Kumanikidzwa kwemvura pakadzika kwakati, semuenzaniso, kumanikidzwa kwemvura yegungwa pakadzika kwemamita mazana maviri ihuwandu hwekumanikidzwa kwemhepo uye kumanikidzwa kwakayerwa pakadzika kwemamita mazana maviri. Saka, kunze kwekumanikidzwa kwemvura.
Kunewo mhepo inodzvinyirira pamusoro pemvura yegungwa.
Kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kunoshanda pamusoro pemvura yese, uye kumanikidzwa kunogoverwa kuzvikamu zvese zvemvura. Nokudaro, kumanikidzwa kwemvura yese pakadzika kwakasiyana nekumanikidzwa kwemvura iri pamusoro kunokanganiswawo nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo.
Kuti tinzwisise tsananguro iyi zvakanyanya, ngationgororei mvura iri mumudziyo.
Kumanikidzwa kwemvura pasi pemudziyo, hongu, kwakakwira kupfuura kumanikidzwa kwemvura iri pamusoro. Kana mvura yakadzikira, kumanikidzwa kwemvura kwakakwira, asi, pedyo nepamusoro pemudziyo, kumanikidzwa kwemvura kwakaderera.
Huwandu hwekumanikidzwa hunoenderana ne ρ gh (ρ = density, g = gravity acceleration uye h = height kana depth). Panzvimbo imwe neimwe pakadzika kwakafanana, huwandu hwekumanikidzwa hwakafanana. Izvi zvinoshanda kune zvese zvinwiwa zviri mumudziyo chero upi zvawo uye hazvitsamiri pachimiro chemudziyo.
Kana tikawedzera kumanikidzwa kwekunze, semuenzaniso nekudzvanya pamusoro pemvura, kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa mumvura kwakafanana kwese kwese. Saka kana kumanikidzwa kwekunze kukapihwa, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chemvura chinowana huwandu hwakaenzana hwekumanikidzwa. Nokudaro, kumanikidzwa kunogara kwakafanana panzvimbo yega yega pakadzika kwakafanana. Uyu ndiwo Murairo waPascal, wakatangwa uye wakatumidzwa zita raBlaise Pascal (1623-1662). Pascal inyanzvi yezvepfungwa uye musayendisiti wekuFrance.
Nheyo yaPascal inoti kumanikidzwa kunoiswa pamvura iri munzvimbo yakavharwa kunotumirwa kuchikamu chimwe nechimwe chemvura uye kumadziro emudziyo.
Kushandiswa kwePrinciple yaPascal
Zvichienderana nepfungwa yaPascal, vanhu vakagadzira maturusi akati wandei, ari nyore uye akaomarara, kuti abatsire kuita kuti hupenyu huve nyore. Mamwe acho iHydraulic Lifts, Hydraulic Brakes, nezvimwewo.
Hydraulic Lift
Chinosimudza hydraulic chine mudziyo une nzvimbo mbiri. Pamusoro pezvose zviri zviviri, pane piston, uko nzvimbo yepiston kuruboshwe iri diki pane nzvimbo yepiston kurudyi. Nzvimbo yepiston inogadziriswa kuti ienderane nenzvimbo yemudziyo. Midziyo inozadzwa nemvura, senge mafuta.
Kana pistoni ine nzvimbo diki pamusoro ikadzvanywa pasi, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chemvura chinodzvanywawo
Yakadzvanywa pasi. Huwandu hwekumanikidzwa kunopiwa nepiston ine pamusoro diki hunopfuudzwa kuzvikamu zvese zvemvura. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mvura inodzvanya piston nenzvimbo yakakura kusvika piston yasimudzwa mudenga. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yepiston yakadzvanywa idiki zvekuti simba rinodiwa kudzvinyirira mvura idikiwo. Asi nekuda kwekuti kudzvanywa kunoenderera mberi pazvikamu zvese zvemvura, simba diki rinoshanduka kana mvura ikadzvanya piston kurudyi nenzvimbo yakakura. Kashoma kuti vanhu vape simba rekupinda papiston ine nzvimbo yakakura nekuti haina pundutso? Pamusoro pepiston pane nzvimbo yakakura panowanzoiswa zvinhu kana zvinhu zvinoda kusimudzwa (semuenzaniso, mota).
Usashamisika kana mota ine huremu hwakakura ikasimudzwa zviri nyore nekungodzvanya imwe yepiston. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yepiston idiki zvekuti simba ratinopa dikiwo. Zvisinei, simba diki rekupinda rinogona kuchinja kuita simba guru rekubudisa kana nzvimbo yepamusoro yekubudisa yakakura.
Muenzaniso wedambudziko 1:
Zvinozivikanwa:
A1 = 100 masendimita2
A2 = 250 masendimita2
F1 = 200N
Zvaidiwa: F2
Solution:
Muenzaniso wedambudziko 2:
Zvinozivikanwa:
A1 = 100 masendimita2 = 100 x gumi-4 m2 = 0.01 XNUMX m2
A2 = 250 masendimita2 = 250 x gumi-4 m2 = 0.025 XNUMX m2
Huremu hwemutoro = 200 kg
Kuwanda kwemafuta (ρ) = 780 kg/m3
Kureba kwekoramu yemafuta (h) = 2 m
Kukurumidza kwegiravhiti (g) = 10 m/s2
Zvaidiwa:
Chii chiri shoma chiyamuro simba (F) kuitira kuti mutoro uve wakaenzana (mutoro hausi kufamba)?
Solution:
