JOOLOJI

Kugara kwenguva refu muMigodhi Migodhi yagara ichikosha mukusimudzira hupfumi munyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira Indonesia. Zvinhu zvakaita semarasha, nickel, mhangura, goridhe, bauxite, uye tin zvine basa guru musimba repasi rose uye mukutengeserana kwemaindasitiri. Zvisinei, pasinei nemabasa aya, mabasa emigodhi anounzawo migumisiro yakakosha yezvakatipoteredza nemagariro evanhu: shanduko dzenzvimbo, kumanikidzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kuparadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Chii chinonzi turbidity current mu sedimentology? Mu sedimentology, imwe yenzira dzakakosha dzekunzwisisa kuumbwa kwe sediment munzvimbo dzakadzika dzegungwa ndiyo turbidity current. Kuyerera uku, kunowanzonzi "sediment mass flow," kunofamba pasi pe submarine slope inotungamirwa negravity. Kunyangwe zvichiitika pasi pemvura, maitiro acho anogona... Verenga zvakawanda

Mafambiro Emagadzirirwo Emagineti Patterns Plate Anoita Kuti Plate Ifambe Fungidzira pasi pegungwa se "archive" hombe inochengetedza zviratidzo zvenguva. Kwete muchimiro chakanyorwa, asi mumapati emagineti akaiswa mumatombo. Mapati aya—mitsara yemagineti yakafanana pasi pegungwa—ave humwe hwehumbowo hwakasimba hwekuti maplate etectonic anofamba zvechokwadi. Kuburikidza nemarekodi aya emagineti, masayendisiti anogona… Verenga zvakawanda

Nzira dzeMagineti muKuongorora Geological: Nzira yemagineti ndeimwe yenzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa dze geophysical mukutsvaga geological, pakuongorora pasi pevhu, kuongorora zviwanikwa zvezvicherwa, uye kuongorora tectonic. Musimboti wayo wekutanga unoshandisa kusiyana kwesimba remagineti rePasi, iro rinokanganiswa nekuvapo kwematombo emagineti pasi pevhu. Nekuti zviyero zvinokurumidza, mari yekushanda yakaderera... Verenga zvakawanda

Mashandiro anoita Seismographs muKuona Kudengenyeka Kwenyika Kudengenyeka kwenyika chimwe chezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakaoma kunzwisisa uye chine njodzi huru kuhupenyu hwevanhu. Kudengenyeka kunokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemaplate e tectonic, kuputika kwemakomo, kudonha kwepasi pevhu, uye kunyange kuputika kunokonzerwa nevanhu kunogona kufamba daro refu kuburikidza nepasi penyika uye kunokanganisa pamusoro penyika. Kuti unzwisise kuti kudengenyeka kwenyika kunoitika rini uye kupi… Verenga zvakawanda

Mabhenefiti eMatombo Anokosha muKutsvagurudza Kwezvepasi Matombo anonyanya kuonekwa sezvinhu zvine runako uye kukosha kwehupfumi zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvishongo. Zvisinei, kunze kwekupenya kwawo nekunaka, matombo anokosha ane ruzivo rwesainzi rwakakosha. Mukutsvagurudza kwezvepasi, matombo akakosha anogona kushanda se "zvinyorwa" zvechisikigo zvinonyora maitiro ekuumbwa kwePasi, mamiriro emuviri uye emakemikari pakadzika, uye... Verenga zvakawanda

Kushandiswa kweDombo reMetamorphic muIndasitiri Dombo reMetamorphic imhando yedombo rakaumbwa kubva pakushandurwa kwematombo aripo kare (igneous, sedimentary, kana kuti aimbova metamorphic) nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekupisa kwakanyanya, kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, uye kushanda kwemakemikari mumvura iri mukati megomba rePasi. Maitiro aya anonzi metamorphism. Kuchinja uku hakuiti kuti dombo rinyungudike nguva dzose, asi kwakakwana kushandura chimiro chemineral, magadzirirwo, uye... Verenga zvakawanda

Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kupararira Kwezvicherwa Kupararira kwezvicherwa pamusoro pePasi nepasi pevhu hakusi kwetsaona. Maitiro ekuwanikwa kwezvicherwa—zvingave sezvimedu zvakapararira, mitsipa, magirazi esimbi, kana matombo makuru—zvinokanganiswa nemaitiro enguva refu egeology. Kunzwisisa zvinhu zvinokanganisa kupararira kwezvicherwa kwakakosha, kwete chete nekuda kwesainzi… Verenga zvakawanda

Kukosha Kwekutarisa Kuitika Kwemakomo eIndonesia inozivikanwa seimwe yenyika dzine huwandu hwakawanda hwemakomo anoputika pasi rose. Nzvimbo yayo panosangana mapuraneti makuru e tectonic—Eurasian, Indo-Australian, Pacific, nePhilippine—inoumba Pacific Ring of Fire inoshanda. Mamiriro aya ane mativi maviri: kune rumwe rutivi, makomo anoputika anopa ivhu rakaorera, zviwanikwa zvemvura, simba re geothermal, uye… Verenga zvakawanda

Maitiro Ekugadzira Madhipoziti ePlacer Madhipoziti ePlacer rudzi rwemadhipoziti emineral anoumbwa kuburikidza nekuunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvinokosha nekuda kwemasimba ekunze akadai semamiriro ekunze, kukurwa kwevhu, kutakurwa, uye kuiswa nemvura kana mhepo. Madhipoziti aya anowanzo shandiswa kuchera nekuti anogona kunge aine zvicherwa zvakakosha zvakaita segoridhe, cassiterite (tin ore), zircon, rutile, ilmenite, monazite, … Verenga zvakawanda