Chii chinonzi Divergent Tectonic Plate?
Pendauluan
Pasi ipasi rinoshanduka uye rinogara richichinja. Imwe pfungwa inokosha pakunzwisisa mashandiro ePasi iplate tectonics . Izwi iri rinoreva kufamba uye kudyidzana kwemaplate makuru anoumba goko rePasi . Mukudzidza nezveplate tectonics , mhando dzakasiyana dzemiganhu yemaplate dzinozivikanwa, imwe yacho idivergent plate boundary. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura zvakadzama kuti divergent plate tectonics chii, kuti inoitika sei, uye migumisiro yayo uye mienzaniso chaiyo.
Kunzwisisa Divergent Tectonic Plates
Kuchinjana kwemaplate epasi kunoitika apo maplate maviri epasi pevhu anotama kubva kune rimwe nerimwe. Maitiro aya anowanzoitika pasi pegungwa uye anozivikanwa se "mid-ocean ridges." Zvisinei, kupatsana kwemaplate epasi pevhu kunogonawo kuitika panyika. Sezvo maplate maviri aya achifamba-famba, magma kubva mukati mepasi pevhu inokwira pamusoro kuti izadze mukaha. Maitiro aya anotungamira pakuumbwa kweganda idzva.
Maitiro Ekushanda
Maitiro ekushanda kwemaplate etectonic akasiyana anogona kutsanangurwa kuburikidza nematanho akati wandei:
1. Kudziisa uye kutambanudza
Pasi pegomba rePasi pane jira remvura rinozivikanwa se asthenosphere. Iri gomba ndipo panoitika mafungu emvura anotenderera, achifambiswa nekupisa kubva pakati pePasi. Mafungu aya anoita kuti gomba rePasi ritambanuke munzvimbo dzakati wandei, kunyanya pakati pegungwa.
2. Kuumbwa Kwemakomba Nemaburi
Sezvo goko rePasi richitanga kutambanuka, mitswe midiki nemitsara zvinotanga kuumbwa pamusoro. Pakutanga, mitswe iyi inogona kunge iri midiki zvikuru, asi nekufamba kwenguva, inokura uye inoumba mitswe mikuru.
3. Kukwira kweMagma
Kana pakamuka mukaha, magma inobva pasi penyika inokwira ichienda pamusoro kuti izadze. Magma inokwira pamusoro inotonhora uye inooma, ichiumba goko idzva. Izvi zvinoitika nguva dzose, zvichiita kuti mahwendefa arambe achitsemuka nepakati peavhareji ye2.5 cm pagore.
4. Kuumbwa kweMid-Ocean Ridge
Maitiro aya ari kuenderera mberi anogadzira zvivakwa zvinozivikanwa se mid-ocean ridges. Mid-ocean ridges igomo rinoputika riri pasi pemvura uye inzvimbo dzakakosha apo kupatsanurwa kwemaplate kunoitika. Muenzaniso unozivikanwa zvikuru iMid-Atlantic Ridge, iyo inoparadzanisa North America neEurasian Plates muAtlantic Ocean.
Mhedzisiro uye Migumisiro
Maplate etectonic akasiyana-siyana ane mhedzisiro yakakosha, zvese pakuongorora zvakatipoteredza uye zvakatipoteredza.
1. Kuumbwa kweGoko Idzva
Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinokonzerwa ne divergent plate tectonics kuumbwa kwegoko idzva. Goko idzva iri rinobva pakukwira pamusoro uye kuomarara. Maitiro aya akakosha pakunzwisisa kutenderera kwepasi, uko goko rekare rinobviswa uye rinodzokororwa, ukuwo goko idzva richigara richiumbwa.
2. Chiitiko chekuputika kwemakomo
Maplate akasiyana-siyana inzvimbo dzine kuputika kwakanyanya kwemakomo. Kana magma ikakwira pamusoro, kuputika kwemakomo kunowanzoitika. Kunyangwe kuputika uku kuchiwanzoitika pasi pegungwa uye kusingawanzoonekwa nevanhu, kune simba guru pakuchengetedza nharaunda dzemugungwa.
3. Kuumbwa kweZvitsuwa Zvitsva
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mabasa akasiyana-siyana anogona kutungamira mukubuda kwezvitsuwa zvitsva. Muenzaniso wakakurumbira iSurtsey Islands muIceland, iyo yakabuda mugungwa nekuda kwekuputika kwegomo muna 1963. Zvitsuwa izvi zvinoramba zvichikura uye chinhu chakakosha chekudzidza mukunzwisisa maitiro epasi.
Kunyangwe kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakawanda kunobatanidzwa nemaplate akapatsanurwa kusina kukura sekwakaitika pamiganhu yemaplate akapatsanurwa, kunogona kuve kwakakosha zvikuru. Kudengenyeka kwenyika kunoitika kana kushushikana kwakakonzerwa nekufamba kwemaplate kwangoerekana kwaburitswa.
Mienzaniso Yechokwadi Yenyika
Heano mimwe mienzaniso chaiyo ye divergent plate tectonics iri kushanda:
1. Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Sezvambotaurwa, Mid-Atlantic Ridge ndeimwe yemienzaniso yakakurumbira ye divergent plate tectonics. Iri gungwa regungwa rinoparadzanisa North America neEurasian Plates kuchamhembe, uye South America neAfrica Plates kuchamhembe.
2. Mupata Mukuru weRift
Hakusi kupatsanurwa kwese kwemaplate kunoitika pasi pegungwa. Mupata Mukuru weRift kuEast Africa muenzaniso wekupatsanurwa kwemaplate kunoitika panyika. Mupata weArabian uri kubva kuAfrican Plate, zvichigadzira mupata wakakura. Dunhu iri rinozivikanwawo nekuputika kwaro, kwakadai seGomo reKilimanjaro nemakomo anoputika ari kuLake Nyasa.
3. Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweIndian Ocean Ridge
Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge ndeimwe muenzaniso wemaplate etectonic akasiyana-siyana. Iri divi regungwa rinoparadzanisa African Plate neIndo-Australian Plate. Kuchinja-chinja kwenzvimbo pano kunokanganisa nharaunda yeIndian Ocean.
Mhedziso
Kuchinjana kwemaplate tectonics chiitiko chechisikigo chine basa guru mukuchinjana kwemaplates epasi. Nekuparadzanisa maplates makuru nekugadzira goko idzva, kupatsanurana kwemaplate tectonics kunobatsira kuchengetedza kuenzana mugeological cycle yepasi. Maitiro aya haangokanganisi chimiro chepasi chete asiwo anokanganisa nharaunda nehupenyu hwakaripoteredza.
Kuburikidza nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaplate tectonics, tinogona kunzwisisa zviri nani kuomarara uye runako rwepasi ratiri kugara. Kuenderera mberi nekutsvaga nekucherechedza chiitiko ichi kuchatibatsira kufanotaura nekugadzirisa migumisiro yacho, kune zvese zvinangwa zvesainzi uye zvinoshanda. Tekinoroji yepamusoro uye tsvakiridzo iri kuchinja zvinovhura mikana yekuwedzera kuongorora munzvimbo iyi, zvichiwedzera ruzivo rwedu nezvekuchinja kwePasi.
