Mbiri ya ku Japan kuyambira nthawi mpaka nthawi
Dziko la Japan, lomwe limadziwika ndi luso lake lamakono komanso luso laukadaulo, lili ndi mbiri yakale yodzaza ndi miyambo ndi kusintha. Kuyambira nthawi zakale mpaka nthawi yamakono, dziko la Japan lakhala ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa chikhalidwe ndi ndale komwe kwasintha umunthu wa dzikolo. Nkhaniyi ikukutsogolerani paulendo wautali wa mbiri ya dziko la Japan m'mibadwo yonse.
Mbiri isanayambe ndi nthawi ya Jomon (14.000 BC - 300 BC)
Nthawi ya mbiri yakale ya ku Japan imayamba ndi nthawi ya Jomon, yomwe idatchulidwa chifukwa cha mbiya zake, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mapangidwe a zingwe (jomon amatanthauza "mapangidwe a zingwe" mu Chijapani). Anthu a ku Jomon anali alenje ndi osonkhanitsa omwe ankakhala ndi moyo wosaka, kusodza, ndi kusonkhanitsa zomera zakuthengo. Ankakhala m'nyumba zosavuta ndipo anasiya zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mikanda, ziboliboli zadongo (dogu), ndi mbiya.
Nyengo ya Yayoi (300 BC - 300 AD)
Nthawi ya Yayoi inali yodziwika ndi kuyambitsa ukadaulo ndi chikhalidwe kuchokera ku Asia, kuphatikizapo ulimi wa mpunga, zomwe zinasintha moyo wa ku Japan. Anthu m'nthawi imeneyi anayamba kukhala m'madera a ulimi okhala ndi nyumba zovuta kwambiri kuposa za nthawi ya Jomon. Zida zachitsulo ndi zamkuwa zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo anthu ankalambira milungu yosiyanasiyana ndi mizimu yachilengedwe.
Nthawi ya Kofun (300 AD - 538 AD)
Nthawi ya Kofun imadziwika ndi ming'alu yake ikuluikulu ya maliro yomwe nthawi zambiri imaoneka ngati mabowo a makiyi. Panthawiyi, Japan idakumana ndi mgwirizano wandale motsogozedwa ndi olamulira amphamvu a mafuko, omwe amodzi mwa iwo anali fuko la Yamato. Fukoli linapeza mphamvu zambiri pa madera ena aku Japan. Chibuda chinayamba kulowa ku Japan kuchokera ku Korea kumapeto kwa nthawiyi, zomwe zinakhudza kwambiri chikhalidwe ndi anthu.
Nyengo ya Asuka (538 AD - 710 AD)
Mu nthawi ya Asuka, mphamvu ya Chibuda inakula kwambiri ku Japan atabwera kuchokera ku Korea m'zaka za m'ma 6. Mafumu ndi anthu olemekezeka anathandizira kufalikira kwa chipembedzochi, ndipo akachisi ndi ziboliboli zambiri za Chibuda zinamangidwa. Malamulo ndi maboma a ku Japan anayamba kutsanzira Chitchaina, monga momwe taonera mu dongosolo la ritsuryo lomwe linakhazikitsidwa panthawiyi.
Nyengo ya Nara (710 AD - 794 AD)
Nthawi ya Nara inali nthawi yokhazikika ndi kuphatikiza mphamvu zapakati pansi pa mfumu. Likulu la Japan linasamukira ku Heijo-kyō (Nara wamakono). Chibuda chinakula kwambiri panthawiyi, ndi kumangidwa kwa akachisi ambiri akuluakulu, monga Todai-ji, yotchuka ndi chifaniziro chake chachikulu cha Buddha. Mabuku ndi zaluso zinakula, ndi ntchito monga Kojiki ndi Nihon Shoki zomwe zimafotokoza mbiri yakale ya Japan.
Nyengo ya Heian (794 AD - 1185 AD)
Likulu la dzikolo linasamutsidwira ku Heian-kyō (Kyoto yamakono) kumayambiriro kwa nthawi imeneyi. Nthawi ya Heian nthawi zambiri imaonedwa ngati pachimake pa chikhalidwe chakale cha ku Japan, makamaka zaluso, mabuku, ndi zomangamanga. Ntchito zodziwika bwino monga "The Tale of Genji" lolembedwa ndi Murasaki Shikibu ndi "The Pillow Book" lolembedwa ndi Sei Shonagon zinayamba nthawi imeneyi. Dongosolo la boma linasintha kuchoka ku chitsanzo cha ku China kupita ku dongosolo la feudal, pomwe magulu ankhondo ndi a samurai anali ndi mphamvu.
Nyengo ya Kamakura (1185 AD - 1333 AD)
Nthawi ya Kamakura inayamba ndi ulamuliro wa asilikali wa shogun Minamoto no Yoritomo pambuyo pa kupambana pa Nkhondo ya Genpei. Dongosolo la bakufu, kapena boma lankhondo, linayambitsidwa, ndi shogun ngati mtsogoleri wamkulu. Mphamvu ya Chibuda, makamaka Chibuda cha Zen, inayamba kufalikira pakati pa samurai ndi anthu onse. Ngakhale kuti mphamvu yaikulu inali m'manja mwa mfumu, shogun ndi samurai wake anali ndi mphamvu zambiri.
Nyengo ya Muromachi (1333 AD - 1573 AD)
Nthawi ya Muromachi, kapena kuti Ashikaga, inayamba pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Kamakura Shogunate. Yoyambitsidwa ndi Ashikaga Takauji, Ashikaga Shogunate inayambitsa nthawi yatsopano ya ulamuliro wankhondo. Panthawiyi, malonda ndi China ndi Southeast Asia anawonjezeka, ndipo chikhalidwe cha ku Japan, monga kujambula, ndakatulo, ndi mwambo wa tiyi, chinakula. Komabe, nthawiyi inalinso ndi mikangano yamkati yomwe inatsogolera ku Nthawi ya Sengoku, kapena Nthawi ya Nkhondo za Mayiko.
Nyengo ya Sengoku (1467 AD - 1615 AD)
Nthawi ya Sengoku inali nthawi ya chisokonezo ndi nkhondo, ndipo mafumu ambiri a daimyo (ambuye achifumu) ankapikisana kuti alamulire madera awo. Inali nthawi ya mikangano yosalekeza komanso mgwirizano wandale wosinthasintha. Anthu ofunikira monga Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, ndi Tokugawa Ieyasu adagwira ntchito yayikulu pakulumikizananso kwa Japan. Kumapeto kwa nthawiyi, Tokugawa Ieyasu adakhazikitsa bwino Tokugawa Shogunate atapambana Nkhondo ya Sekigahara mu 1600.
Nthawi ya Edo (1603 AD - 1868 AD)
Nthawi ya Edo inali yodziwika ndi ulamuliro wamtendere wa shogunate wa Tokugawa, womwe unakhalapo kwa zaka zoposa 250. Likulu la dzikolo linasamutsidwira ku Edo (tsopano Tokyo). Ngakhale kuti dziko la Japan linali ndi mfundo zolimba zodzipatula (sakoku) panthawiyi, chuma chake ndi chikhalidwe chake zinakula. Iyi inali nthawi yomwe ukiyo-e, kabuki, ndi bunraku zinayamba. Anthu aku Japan anali okonzedwa bwino komanso ogawidwa m'magulu, komanso inali nthawi yokhazikika komanso yopambana kwa ambiri.
Nyengo ya Meiji (1868 AD - 1912 AD)
Nthawi ya Meiji inali nthawi ya kusintha kwakukulu ku Japan. Pambuyo pa Kubwezeretsedwa kwa Meiji, Japan inadzitsegulira yokha kudziko lakunja ndipo inasintha mofulumira. Dongosolo la mafumu linathetsedwa, ndipo boma lapakati lolimba lomwe mfumu inali chizindikiro cha boma linakhazikitsidwa. Japan inagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wakumadzulo m'makampani, usilikali, ndi maphunziro, ndipo inasintha kwambiri mbali zonse za moyo. Nthawi imeneyi inawona Japan ikusinthika kuchoka ku boma la mafumu kukhala mphamvu yapadziko lonse yamakono.
Nthawi ya Taisho (1912 AD – 1926 AD)
Nthawi ya Taisho inali nthawi yokhazikika pandale komanso chitukuko cha demokalase pambuyo pa nthawi ya Meiji. Ngakhale kuti inali yochepa, nthawi imeneyi imadziwika kuti Taisho Democracy, pomwe mphamvu ya asilikali inachepa ndipo mphamvu za nyumba yamalamulo zinawonjezeka. Chikhalidwe ndi zaluso zinapitirira kukula, ndipo mphamvu za Kumadzulo zinakula kwambiri. Komabe, kusakhazikika kwachuma komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse Yoyamba kunayamba kumveka.
Nyengo ya Showa (1926 AD - 1989 AD)
Nthawi ya Showa ndi imodzi mwa nthawi zovuta kwambiri m'mbiri ya Japan, kuphatikizapo nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse isanayambe, nkhondo yeniyeniyo, komanso nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri itatha. Kuwonongeka komwe kunabwera chifukwa cha nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse kunabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa anthu aku Japan, kuphatikizapo kugonja popanda chifukwa komanso kulanda dziko la Allied.
Pambuyo pa nkhondo, dziko la Japan linadzimanganso lokha mothandizidwa ndi dziko la United States ndipo linakula n’kukhala limodzi mwa mayiko amphamvu kwambiri pazachuma padziko lonse. Kusintha kwa malamulo, kuchira kwachuma kodabwitsa, komanso chitukuko chaukadaulo mwachangu chinachitika panthawiyi.
Nthawi ya Heisei (1989 AD - 2019 AD)
Nthawi ya Heisei inayamba ndi mavuto akuluakulu, kuphatikizapo kuphulika kwa mavuto azachuma kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, komwe kumadziwika kuti "chuma cha bubble." Ngakhale izi zinali choncho, Japan idakali mphamvu yaikulu pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Ukadaulo, makamaka pa zamagetsi ndi magalimoto, unapitiliza kupita patsogolo mwachangu. Ngakhale mavuto monga masoka achilengedwe (kuphatikizapo chivomerezi cha 2011 ndi tsunami), Japan idakhalabe wosewera wofunikira padziko lonse lapansi.
Nyengo ya Reiwa (2019 AD - pakadali pano)
Chiyambi cha nthawi ya Reiwa chikuyimira nthawi yatsopano ku Japan, kubweretsa ziyembekezo ndi zovuta zatsopano. Pakati pa kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka dziko, Japan ikupitirizabe kuyesetsa kulimbitsa udindo wake monga dziko lotukuka komanso lotsogola. Mavuto a anthu monga okalamba ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha ana obadwa amafunikira mayankho atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, udindo wa Japan pa nkhani zapadziko lonse monga kusintha kwa nyengo, chitetezo chapadziko lonse, ndi chuma cha digito chikupitirirabe kukhala cholinga chachikulu.
Mbiri yakale ya Japan ikuwonetsa luso la dziko lino lotha kusintha ndikusintha m'mibadwo yonse. Kuyambira nthawi yachinsinsi ya mbiri yakale mpaka nthawi yamakono yodzaza ndi zatsopano, Japan ikupitilizabe kukopa dziko lonse lapansi ndi chuma chake cha chikhalidwe, kulimba mtima, komanso kuthekera kosintha.
