Ngā Painga o ngā Rama Whakaoho
I waenganui i te pikinga o te hiahia mō ngā rama whai hua me te pakari, he hangarau tika kia whakaarohia te rama hiko whakapūmau. Ahakoa kāore i te tino rongonui pērā i ngā rama LED i waenga i ngā kaihoko kāinga, kua roa te whakamahinga o ngā rama hiko whakapūmau i roto i ngā wāhi arumoni me ngā wāhi ahumahi nā te mea he pakari, he pumau, he iti hoki te tiaki. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te rama hiko whakapūmau me ōna painga maha, kia taea ai e koe te whakatau mēnā he pai tēnei hangarau mō ō hiahia rama.
He aha te rama whakapūmau?
Ko te rama whakapūngao he momo rama tuku hau e mahi ana me te kore he irahiko. He rerekē ki ngā rama hihiko tuku hau noa, e whakamahi ana i ngā irahiko i ngā pito e rua o te ngongo, ka whakamahia e ngā rama whakapūngao ngā ngaru hikohiko hei whakaputa mārama. Kei roto i te pūnga he hau kore mahi me te iti o te mercury, me te paparanga phosphor o roto. Ina whakakorikoria te hau e te mara hikohiko, ka puta te mārama ultraviolet, ka hurihia e te phosphor hei mārama e kitea ana.
Ko te korenga o ngā irahiko te painga matua o ngā rama hiko. I roto i ngā rama tuku iho, ko ngā irahiko tētahi o ngā wāhanga ka tere te memeha, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakapoto i te roanga o te ora o te rama nā te pakaru o te irahiko. Ka whakakorea e ngā rama hiko tēnei ngoikoretanga.
1. Te Ora Ratonga Tino Roa
Ko te painga nui o ngā rama hiko whakapūmau ko tōna roanga mahi. He maha ngā rama hiko whakapūmau kua hangaia kia roa mō ngā tekau mano hāora, ā, e kī ana ētahi kaihanga he tata ki te 60.000–100.000 hāora te roa, i runga i te kounga o te hua, te pāmahana whakahaere, me te pūnaha taumaha/taraiwa e whakamahia ana.
I roto i te mahi, he nui ngā painga o tēnei roanga o te ora mō ngā wāhi e uaua ana ki te tae atu, e nui ana rānei ngā utu whakakapinga, pēnei i:
– Whare putunga me te tuanui teitei
– Ngā kauhanga, ngā piriti me ngā whare tūmatanui
– He roa ngā hāora mahi o te wāhi wheketere
– Ngā rama tiriti, ngā rama taha rānei
Ka iti ake te auau o te whakakapinga, ka iti ake te raruraru whakahaere me te utu mahi.
2. Ngā Utu Tiaki Iti
Ka whakaitihia aunoatia ngā utu tiaki e te roa o te ora. Engari ehara i te mea koinā anake: e mōhiotia ana hoki ngā rama hiko mō tō rātou pumau me te ātete ki te pakaru ohorere. I roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, ka puta te hekenga o te lumen mā te āta haere, e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakarite i ngā whakakapinga i runga i te wātaka, kaua i te pakaru ohorere.
Mō ngā pakihi me ngā whare tūmatanui, he nui ake te whai hua o tēnei tauira tiaki kua whakaritea nā te mea:
– Whakaitihia ngā tirotiro ohorere
– Āta karohia ngā wāhi pōuri e tūpono ana ki te mōrearea
– Ka āwhina i te whakamahere tahua tiaki
3. He Pai te Whai Hua o te Pūngao
He iti ake te penapena hiko o ngā rama hiko whakapūmau i ngā hangarau tawhito pērā i ngā rama mura me ētahi momo rama HID. He iti noa te whakamahinga hiko mō te taumata mārama e whakaputaina ana e ia, ā, he pai mō ngā wāhi e hiahia ana kia roa te wā e whakamāramahia ana i te awatea.
I roto i te horopaki o ngā penapena, he mea nui kia mārama ko te whai huatanga ehara i te mea ka kitea i roto i ngā watts anake, engari i roto anō hoki i:
– Te lumen i hangaia (mārama)
– Te pumau o te putanga mārama
– Te hekenga o te mahi i roto i te wā
– Te tauwehenga mana i roto i tētahi tāutanga motuhake
I ngā mahi ahumahi, he maha ngā pānga tika o te penapena pūngao ki ngā utu whakahaere o ia marama.
4. He whakamarie, he ōrite te kounga o te māramatanga
Ko te tikanga, he mārama taurite, he mārama marara hoki te whakaputa a ngā rama whakapūmau, ā, he pai te tohatoha. Nā tēnei āhuatanga e pai ai mō ngā wāhi mahi e hiahia ana kia kitea pai, kia kore e kanapa, pērā i:
– Rohe whakaputa
– Wāhi rokiroki
– Ngā ara raro me ngā wāhi waka
– Ētahi whare hākinakina o roto
Hei tāpiritanga, he maha ngā rama hiko e wātea ana i roto i ngā momo pāmahana tae (hei tauira, mai i te mā mahana ki te mā matao) ā, he taupū whakaputa tae (CRI) anō hoki e pai ana mō te whakamahinga whānui.
5. Mahi Pūmau i te Huringa Whakaweto-Whakakā
He nui ake te manawanui o ngā rama whakakā ki ngā auau whakawhiti i ētahi atu hangarau rama tuku hau tuku iho, kāore nei i hangaia kia whakakāhia, kia whakawetohia hoki i ngā wā katoa. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā wāhi e whakamahi ana i ngā pūoko nekehanga, i ngā pūnaha aunoa rama rānei.
I ētahi taiao, ka whakawetohia ngā rama ina kore mahi, kātahi ka whakakā anō ina hiahiatia. Mēnā kāore te hangarau rama e ātete ana ki te pana, ka tino whakapotohia tōna roa. Ko te tikanga he pono ake ngā rama whakapūngao i ēnei āhuatanga, ahakoa he mea nui tonu kia aro ki ngā whakaritenga pauna/taraiwa a te kaihanga.
6. Te Wā Whakamahana me te Wā Whakakā Tere
He maha ngā rama HID tuku iho e hiahia ana kia whakamahanahia i mua i te ekenga ki te kanapa teitei. He tere ake te wā tīmatanga o ngā rama whakapūmau, ā, ka tutuki he putanga pumau me te kore e roa te tatari. He painga tēnei mō:
– Ngā wāhi e hiahia ana kia whakamāramahia tonutia i muri i te whakakānga
– Ētahi pūnaha ohorere
– Ngā mahi whakahaere e kore e taea te tatari kia "wera" te rama i te tuatahi
Heoi, ka rerekē pea te tere tīmatanga i waenga i ngā hua, ko te nuinga ka pāngia e te hoahoa o te taumahatanga.
7. Ātete ki ngā Taiao Mahi Taumaha
I roto i ngā mahi ahumahi, he maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā rama e ngā pāmahana teitei, te wiri, te puehu, me te haumākū. E mōhiotia ana he tino pakari ngā rama whakapūngao i roto i ēnei āhuatanga maha, nā te mea kāore tōna hanganga e whakawhirinaki ki ngā hiko pakarukaru.
Hei tauira, i roto i ngā whare putunga me ngā wheketere, ka taea e ngā wiri o ngā mīhini, o ngā forklift rānei te whakateretere i te pirau o ētahi rama. He maha ngā wā ka whiriwhiria ngā rama whakapūngao nā te mea he roa, he iti hoki ngā whakaritenga tiaki.
8. He pai mō te Rama Whānui
He whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā rama whakakā mō te whakamārama i ngā wāhi nui, i ngā wāhi whānui rānei, nā te mea ka taea e rātou te whakaputa mārama marara, pumau hoki. Ina honoa ki te whare tika me te whakaata, ka taea e ngā rama whakakā te whakamahi hei otinga whakamārama whai hua mō:
– Whare Hanga me te awheawhe
– Ngā teihana me ngā taunga rererangi
– Wāhi waka kua taupokina
– Ngā wāhi tūmatanui me ngā tuanui teitei
Ko ōna painga kei roto i te roa o te ora, te putanga pumau, me te āhua māmā whakamarie.
9. He iti ake te tūponotanga o te rahunga o ētahi wāhanga
Nā te mea kāore e whakamahia ana ngā irahiko, ka whakakorea tētahi o ngā pūtake nui o te rahunga o ngā rama hikohiko tuku iho. Ahakoa kei roto tonu i ngā rama hikohiko ngā wāhanga hiko pēnei i ngā pauna, ko te whāinga matua o tā rātou hoahoa he roa te mau.
Mā te whakahaere pai o te wera me te kounga o ngā wāhanga, ka taea e ngā rama hiko te mahi pumau mō te wā roa.
Ngā Mea hei Whakaaroaro
Hei aromatawai taurite ake, he maha ngā mea e whakaarohia ana i mua i te whiriwhiri i tētahi rama hiko:
1. Te utu tīmatanga: He nui ake te utu o ngā rama hiko i ētahi atu kōwhiringa, ahakoa he maha ngā wā ka "utua" nā te roa o te wā e whakamahia ana, me te iti o te tiaki.
2. Te wātea o ngā hua: kāore i te katoa o ngā toa e whakarato ana, inā koa mō te wāhanga kāinga.
3. Te Whai Hua ki te Whakatairite ki ngā LED hou: Kei te tere te whanaketanga o ngā LED hou, ā, i ētahi wā he nui ake te whai huatanga. Heoi, mō ētahi whakamahinga, he ātaahua tonu ngā rama hiko nā te pumau o ā rātou mahi me ngā āhuatanga mārama whakamarie.
4. Te nui o te konukōre: Pērā i ngā rama hihiko, he iti noa te konukōre e whakamahia ana e ngā rama hiko. Me tika te whakahaere para mō tēnei.
Whakamutunga
He maha ngā painga o ngā rama hiko: he roa te ora, he iti ngā utu tiaki, he pai te whai hua o te pūngao, ā, he pai hoki te kounga o te rama. Nā te hangarau kore-hiko ka roa ake te mau, ka pumau hoki mō te whakamahinga roa—ina koa i roto i ngā whare arumoni, ahumahi, me ngā whare tūmatanui e hiahia ana ki te rama pono me te iti o te aukati.
Mena kei te whakaaro koe ki te haumi rama mō ngā wāhi he nui ngā hāora mahi, he teitei tāutanga e uaua ai te whakakapi, he mea nui rānei te pumau mō te wā roa, me whakauru te rama hiko whakapūmau ki roto i tō rārangi whiringa matua. Mō ngā hua pai rawa atu, kia tino whiriwhiria he hua kounga me ngā taputapu e rite ana ki ngā āhuatanga taiao me ngā hiahia rama o te wāhi.
