Ngā Rama Ārai mō te Tari
I waenganui i te tere o te whanaketanga o te hangarau rama—mai i ngā rama LED ki ngā rama atamai e hono ana ki te ipurangi—kei te kōrerohia tonutia ngā rama kanapa, tae atu ki te whakamahinga tari. E mōhiotia ana rātou he momo rama "tūturu", e whakaputa ana i te rama mahana, whakamarie. Heoi anō, he maha ngā wā ka ara ake te pātai: kei te whai hua tonu ngā rama kanapa mō te whakamahinga i roto i ngā tari hou e hiahia ana ki te whai hua, te hua, me ngā utu whakahaere e whakahaeretia ana?
Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā rama mura mō ngā tari i roto i te huarahi whānui: ngā painga, ngā ngoikoretanga, ngā whakaaro mō te whiriwhiri, te whakamahinga tika, me ngā huarahi kē atu hei whakaaroaro mēnā ko te whāinga o te tari he penapena hiko me te kore e whakararu i te whakamarie.
Te Mōhio ki ngā Rama Ārama
Ko te mahi a ngā rama mura mā te whakamahana i te miro - he mea hanga ki te tungsten - kia tiaho rā anō, kia puta ai te mārama. He māmā noa iho tēnei tukanga, engari kāore e whai hua, nā te mea ko te nuinga o te pūngao hiko ka hurihia hei wera, ehara i te mārama. Heoi, he āhua mārama e kiia ana he "ngawari" me te taiao te hua, inā koa i ngā taiao mahana.
I ngā tari, i whakamahia whānuitia ngā pūangi rama hei rama matua i mua. Heoi, i te taenga mai o ngā pūangi rama fluorescent, CFL, me LED, kua tino heke te whakamahinga o ngā pūangi rama nā te āwangawanga mō te whakapaunga pūngao me te roa o te ora.
Ngā Painga o ngā Rama Ārama mō ngā Tari
Ahakoa ehara i te mea matua i roto i te maha o ngā hoahoa tari hou, he maha tonu ngā painga o ngā pūangi rama e tika ai te whakamahinga, inā koa i ētahi wāhi.
1. Ngā Tae Mārama Mahana, Ātaahua hoki
Ko te pāmahana tae o ngā pūangi rama kanapa he 2700K–3000K te nuinga, e kiia ana he mā mahana. Ka hangaia e tēnei rama he āhua mahana, he āhua manaaki, he āhua whakangā. Mō ngā tari e hiahia ana ki tētahi āhua kāinga—pērā i ngā tari auaha, ngā whare hoahoa, ngā rūma kōrero rānei—ka taea e te rama mahana te āwhina i te whakangāwari i ngā kare ā-roto, inā koa i te wā e manaaki ana i ngā manuhiri.
2. He Pai te Whakaputa Tae
He tino teitei te taupū whakaatu tae (CRI) o ngā rama mura, e tata ana ki te 100. Ko te tikanga he tika ake, he tūturu ake hoki te āhua o ngā tae. He mea whai hua tēnei ina hiahiatia he aromatawai tae tirohanga i roto i ngā tari, pērā i ngā wāhi whakaatu hua, ngā rūma tauira rauemi, ngā wāhi auaha rānei e whakamahi ana i ngā huānga tirohanga.
3. Whakakā tonu, ā, he ngāwari ki te whakaiti i te kanapa
Ka kā tonu ngā pūangi rama kanapa, ā, ka taea te whakaiti i te kanapa mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha māmā noa iho. Mena he kaupapa rama paparua tō te tari, pērā i te rama ngoikore mō ngā whakaaturanga me te rama kanapa mō ngā mahi taipitopito, ka taea e ngā pūangi rama kanapa te whakarite tere i te āhuarangi.
4. Utu iti mō ia waeine
He hua tawhito ngā pūahi mura, ā, he iti ake te utu mō ia pūahi i ētahi pūahi penapena hiko. Heoi anō, me paunatia tēnei utu iti ki ngā utu hiko me te auau whakakapinga teitei ake.
Ngā Huakore o ngā Rama Ārama mō ngā Tari
I tētahi atu taha, he maha ngā take nui e kore ai e pai ngā pūangi rama mura hei rama tari.
1. Whakamomori pūngao
He iti te whai huatanga o ngā pūangi rama, ā, ka hurihia te nuinga o ō rātou pūngao hei wera. I roto i ngā mahi tari, ka pā tika tēnei ki ngā pire hiko. Mena he maha ngā pūtake mārama e whakamahia ana e te tari, ā, e 8–10 hāora te roa o te mahi i te rā, ka nui te rerekētanga o te whakamahinga hiko ki te whakataurite ki ngā rama LED.
2. Te Ora Ratonga Poto
Ko te roanga o te ora o tētahi rama mura he tata ki te 1.000 hāora (kei te waitohu me te whakamahinga). Mō ngā tari, ko te tikanga he maha ake ngā whakakapinga. Ehara i te mea ko te utu rama anake te take o te whakakapinga, engari ko te wā, te mahi a te tohunga hangarau, me te raruraru pea o te mahi mēnā ka mate ngā rama i te wāhi mahi.
3. Ka whakaputa i te wera
He nui te wera ka puta mai i ngā pūangi mura, inā koa ka whakamahia whānuitia i roto i ngā wāhi kati. I roto i ngā tari he hauhautanga, ka taea e tēnei wera tāpiri te whakanui ake i te kawenga whakamatao me te whakanui ake i te whakapaunga pūngao.
4. Kāore i te pai mō te whakamārama mahi nui
Ko ngā wāhi mahi e hiahia ana ki te mārama kanapa, rite tonu—pērā i ngā tēpu kaimahi, ngā wāhi whakahaere, ngā rūma hui nui rānei—he pai ake te whakamahi i ngā mārama whai hua, kanapa ake, pērā i ngā panera LED, i ngā rama raro LED rānei. Ka taea e ngā rama mura te hanga māramatanga kore taurite mēnā kāore i te tika te hoahoa.
Āhea te wā e tika ai te whakamahi i ngā rama mura i roto i te tari?
Engari ko ngā pūangi rama kanapa te pūtake matua o te rama, he pai ake te whakamahi hei whakapaipai, hei whakatakoto whakaaro hoki. Anei ētahi tauira o tō rātou whakamahinga:
1. Rūma Whakawhiwhi Manuhiri me te Wāhi Manuhiri
Mā te mārama mahana ka waihanga he āhua manaaki. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pūangi mura i roto i ngā rama tēpu, i ngā rama pakitara, i ngā rama tautau whakapaipai rānei hei tāpiri i te āhua ki roto.
2. Ngā Rūma Hui Iti e Hiahia Ana ki te Āhuarangi
Mō ngā wāhi kōrero noa, mō ngā rūma whakaaroaro rānei, he maha ngā wā ka āwhina te rama mahana i te tangata kia marino, kia rere noa ai ngā whakaaro. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pūangi rama mura hei wāhanga o te kaupapa rama ngoikore, me ētahi atu rama matua mēnā e tika ana.
3. Wāhi Whakapaipai me te Waitohu
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā pūangi rama ā-Edison (ngā miro e kitea ana) mō ngā āhua ā-ahumahi, ā-tawhito rānei. Mēnā kei te hiahia tētahi tari ki te whakanui i tētahi tuakiri waitohu auaha, ā-toi rānei, mā te whakamahi i ngā pūangi rama whakapaipai ka taea te whakarei ake i te pānga tirohanga.
4. Ngā Rama Mahi (Rama Ā-Rohe)
I ētahi wā, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pūangi mura hei rama tēpu tāpiri mō ngā mahi rangitahi. Heoi, me tūpato koe ki te wera me te hiko e pau ana.
Ngā Tohutohu mō te Kōwhiri i ngā Rama Ārama mō te Tari
Mena kei te hiahia tonu koe ki te whakamahi i ngā pūrama rama incandescent i roto i te tari, anei ētahi mea hei whakaaroaro māu:
1. Kia aro ki ngā whakaritenga wattage me te mārama.
Ka tere te kanapa o ngā rama mura he nui te mana, engari ka nui haere te maumau. Mō ngā rama whakapaipai, whiriwhiria he mana iti ake, ā, whakamahia he maha ngā pūwāhi mēnā e tika ana.
2. Whakamahia ngātahi (Rama Whakaranu)
Whakamahia ngā pūangi mura hei rama whakapaipai, ā, whakamahia ngā rama LED hei rama matua. Mā tēnei huarahi ka mau tonu te mahana o te taiao, engari kāore e moumou pūngao.
3. Kōwhiria he anga haumaru, he hauhautanga hoki
Nā te mea he tino wera, kia tino tautokona te marumaru rama, te hononga, me te anga kia pai ai te marara o te wera, kia kore ai e tere ake te kino, e whakanui ake rānei i te mōrearea.
4. Whakaarohia ngā Dimmers e tika ana
Ki te whakamahi koe i te dimmer, kia tino hototahi te tāutanga hiko me te taputapu kia pumau ai te rama, kia kore ai hoki e tere pakaru.
5. Tātaihia te Utu Katoa o te Mana Whakahaere
Kaua e titiro noa ki te utu o te pūrama rama. Tātaihia te whakapaunga hiko ia marama me te auau o te whakakapinga. Mō ngā tari, he mea nui ake te tapeke o te utu i te utu tīmatanga.
He Huarahi Pai Ake: Ngā LED me ngā Ārai Whakakā
Mena ko tāu whāinga he whakatutuki i te āhua me te āhua o tētahi pūrama rama mura, me te pupuri tonu i te penapena hiko, ko ngā rama LED te mea tino pai. He maha ngā rama LED e wātea ana ināianei:
– He mā mahana te tae (2700K–3000K) he rite ki ngā rama mura.
– He teitei te CRI (tae atu ki te 90+).
– He āhua miro (miro LED) kia rite ai ki tētahi rama Edison incandescent.
– Tautoko ana i te whakaiti i te kanapa o ētahi momo.
Mā te whakamahi i ngā rama LED, ka taea e ngā tari te whakaiti i te whakapaunga hiko me te whakakapi rama, nā te mea he maha ngā tekau mano hāora e roa ai te rama LED.
Whakamutunga
Ka taea tonu te whakamahi i ngā rama mura i roto i ngā tari, inā koa mēnā he mahana te āhuarangi, he ātaahua te whakapaipai, ā, he pai te tae o te rama mura. Heoi, mō ngā mahi o ia rā, kāore i te tino pai te rama mura nā te mea he iti te kaha e pau ana, he poto te roa o te ora, ā, he nui hoki te wera e puta mai ana. Ko te rautaki tino pono ko te whakamahi i ngā rama mura hei whakapaipai, hei whakapaipai rānei, me te whakamahi i ngā otinga whai hua ake pērā i ngā rama LED mō ngā rama tari matua.
Hei whakamutunga, ehara i te mea ko te kanapa, ko te pōuri rānei te kaupapa o te rama tari pai; engari ko te whakamarie tirohanga, te hua, me te whai hua o te utu. Ki te hiahia koe ki te pupuri i te "ahua" o te rama mura me te kore e maumauria ngā hua, ko ngā rama LED ma mahana me te CRI teitei te mea tino whai hua.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te āwhina i a koe ki te whakarite i tēnei tuhinga kia rite ki tō momo tari (tari iti, wāhi mahi tahi, tari auaha, tari umanga rānei), me ngā tūtohutanga rama mō ia rūma.
